Institutul de Cercetări Juridice, Politice şi Sociologie (ICIPS)
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Item ABORDAREA MULTISISTEMICĂ A REZILIENȚEI SOCIALE(CEP USM, 2024) Spătaru, TatianaThe content of the article focuses on how systemic thinking is applied by the most representative academic centers, which provide research tools and methodologies to study resilience in different social systems. Resilience is explained from the perspective of the ability of natural and human systems to recover from adversities at the individual, commentary and global level. Applied research methods include logical reasoning, such as induction and deduction. The review of the most important research centers contributes to a better understanding of the concept development trends and resilience strategies in a holistic framework. The main results obtained have led to the identification of how the systemic analysis of resilience responds to global challenges and suggests the ways of maintaining collective sustainability.Item Arealuri de securitate europeană în contextul cooperării regionale(Editura USM, 2024) Juc, Victor; Diacon, MariaThe article presents a comprehensive analysis of the approach to bilateral and multilateral coopera-tion in the security sector after the most recent events in the region. The way the European Union responded to the war in Ukraine on February 24, 2022 confirmed its existence as an intentional security actor. By passing ten packages of sanctions against Russia, hosting more than 4 million Ukrainian refugees and associated humanitarian aid, funding the delivery of arms to Ukraine by its member states, and responding to the energy crisis, the European Union has played its part in the Western response to the war in Europe. Regional coop-eration, after the systemic transformation in Central Europe and 20 years after most of the countries in the region joined the European Union, has become one of the most important tools for them to lead international politics. It plays a subsidiary role in the pursuit of national interests to these countries' membership in the EU and NATO, which these countries consider, along with bilateral alliances with the United States, to be the cornerstones of their own security policies. From the perspective of the Republic of Moldova, accelerating the implementation of reforms, developing and strengthening institutional capacities, as well as capitalizing on partnerships and other regional cooperation instruments are essential to advance in the process of joining the European Union.Item Armonizarea legislației anticorupționale ale republicii moldova la standardele europene – element cheie întru asigurarea securității naționale(Editura USM, 2024) Guștiuc, LudmilaThe harmonization of anti-corruption legislation to European standards is a multidimentional process, involving several legal aspects. These aspects reflect the complexity of the harmonization process to the European Union standards and underline theneed for a sustained and coordinated effort both at the national and at the European level. The harmonization of anti-corruption legislation is crucial for ensuringt national security, as it con-tributes to the stability and integrity of public institutions, ensures efficient management of resources, protects infrastructure and promotes a stable and secure economic and social environment.Item Ascensiunea dreptei în Parlamentul European după alegerile din 2024(Editura USM, 2024) Beniuc, LilianaThe article "The Rise of the Right in the European Parliament Following the 2024 Elections" investigates the growing influence of rightwing, particularly Eurosceptic, parties as a result of the 2024 elections. The study focuses on right-wing and Eurosceptic parties within the European Union in the context of new political realities. The aim of the research is to analyse how these political forces will shape the future political directions of the European Union. Among the research objectives is the identification of the factors that led to the rise of the right. The research methods employed include comparative analysis of electoral results and the study of political trends in member states. The expected outcomes of the research include insights into the perspectives of right-wing positions in the European Parliament and an evaluation of their influence on key EU policies.Item Atribuțiile secretarilor și secretarelor autorităților publice locale (APL) în domeniul electoral(Editura USM, 2024) Soroceanu, IgorLPA competences are the set of rights and obligations of local public authorities in the fields of activity that are established for them. In order to achieve their competences, local authorities have at their disposal financial, institutional, patrimonial and human resources. These, all cumulative, determine the administrative capacity of each individual authority.Item Calitatea actului de justiție în Republica Moldova în contextul integrării europene: percepții, atitudini, opinii(Editura USM, 2024) Mîndru, ValeriuIn the article author analyzes various aspects of the functioning of the justice system in the Republic of Moldova through the perception of the representatives of legal institutions, as well as of the population in the context of the accession to the community space, the integration into the European Union. The article pays particular attention to the quality of the judicial act, the level of trust of citizens in the courts. The wide-scale use of the results of various sociological investigations allows the author to make a comparative and dynamic analysis of the situation in the field, to reveal the problems faced by the judiciary in the Republic of Moldova in the process of reforming it.Item Considerente conceptual-teoretice privind procesul de europenizare(Editura USM, 2024) Varzari, PantelimonThe present study aims to demonstrate that the European integrationist path of the Republic of Mol-dova is a strategic objective for public authorities and the main political forces, thus becoming a national desideratum that could be embraced by the entire society. The article interprets two defining concepts - Euro-peanization and European integration, concepts necessary for a more adequate understanding of the European integrationist process. Additionally, Europeanization is analyzed as a process realized from both an institu-tional and functionalist perspective. It is concluded that the Republic of Moldova, more than ever, needs a new paradigm of democratic governance for a society on the path of European integration, as well as a new polit-ical elite regenerated through the lens of European standards, which would be capable of promptly responding to social expectations and the new challenges of the European integrationist process.Item Consolidarea dimensiunii geopolitice a rezilienței securității naționale a Republicii Moldova(Editura USM, 2024) Ungureanu, VeaceslavCurrently, in the context of the war between the Russian Federation and Ukraine, which generates the amplification of the risks and threats to regional security, while also jeopardizing the national security of the Republic of Moldova, determines the need to organize national debates at the levels of academia, civil society and the political class on strengthening the geopolitical dimension of the resilience of the national security of the Republic of Moldova, by capitalizing on the opportunities offered as a result of deepening the political-military relations with the North-Atlantic Alliance in order to strengthen the national security system, but also by the possibility of changing the geopolitical status of permanent neutrality of the Republic of Moldova to join the North-Atlantic Alliance. At the same time, the hesitation of the Republic of Moldova to realize the geopolitical alternative of ensuring the national security of the Republic of Moldova would determine the preservation of the geopolitical status of permanent neutrality, which does not ensure, but only increases the vulnerability degree of the national security, as well as keeping the geopolitical position of a buffer state between two poles of power, which will maintain it in the sphere of geopolitical influence of the Russian Federation, thus diminishing its geopolitical potential to ensure national security.Item Consolidarea rezilienței comunitare(Editura USM, 2024) Spătaru, TatianaThe content of the article focuses on elucidating the objectives related to strengthening resilience in managing community risks. The emerging development of the concept of resilience is a response to the in-creasingly common and severe disturbances that occur as a result of climatic changes, the diminution of nat-ural resources, biodiversity disappearance, pandemic, security crises, etc. The modern world is becoming more and interdependent, and the complexity of the challenges requires interdisciplinary and scientifically argued solutions. Communities are not always ready to manage the risks, reacting fragmentary to threats. Community risk management practices must evolve towards strengthening resilience strategies. The theoreti-cal approach is argued by the empirical data, obtained from the accomplishment of the sociological research in April 2024, in the territorial-administrative units of the Republic of Moldova. The application of focus groups and in-depth interviews has outlined the dimensions of resilience perception by managers in managing community risks. Based on the sociological interpretations, conclusions and recommendations were formu-lated.Item Consolidarea rezilienței sociale în Republica Moldova: abordări teoretico-metodologice(Editura USM, 2024) Mocanu, VictorThis study examines the dynamics of social resilience in Moldova amidst ongoing economic, political, and environmental challenges. Aiming to identify key factors that enhance individual and community resili-ence, the research explores how Moldovan citizens perceive and respond to socio-economic difficulties. Uti-lizing a mixed-methods approach, including focus groups and in-depth interviews, the study investigates the role of individual and community resources, educational attainment, health, civic engagement, and social net-works in fostering resilience. The findings reveal significant variations in resilience levels across different social and regional groups and highlight the crucial impact of social capital and adaptive strategies in miti-gating the effects of adversity. The research contributes to the development of policy recommendations for strengthening societal resilience and promoting sustainable and inclusive development in Moldova.Item Consolidarea rezilienței sociale prin valorificarea capitalului uman: perspective regionale și naționale. desfășurarea cercetării în focus-grupuri(Editura USM, 2024) Mocanu, IonThe research presents the results obtained after conducting 9 focus groups in urban and rural locali-ties in the Republic of Moldova on the subject of social resilience and human capital. The study investigates the role of individual and community resources, educational attainment, health, civic engagement, and social networks in fostering resilience. The respondents gave their opinion on the major concerns and problems faced by the citizens of the Republic of Moldova, both at the local and regional level. Most respondents highlighted the importance of continuing education and training to improve the knowledge level of the community. Several responses emphasize the importance of returning young people to the community to contribute to its develop-ment. There is an urgent need for reforms in the health system to improve the health status of the population. From the answers received, the idea emerges that access to the top of the social hierarchy is closely related to political and social connections. There are localities where people are active and involved in solving commu-nity problems, and others where this involvement is less or even absent. We also aimed to research the common factors for the investigated localities that contribute to the population's resistance to social stress and crisis situations.Item Contextul politic și social al dezvoltării antreprenoriatului social în Republica Moldova(Eitura USM, 2024) Malcoci, Ludmila; Mocanu, VictorThe article provides a detailed analysis of the political and social context of social entrepreneurship development in the Republic of Moldova. The authors emphasize the importance of this type of entrepreneur-ship in achieving the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) through innovative approaches to social and environmental challenges. Major constraints to entrepreneurship development are highlighted, such as the undeveloped policy framework, limited access to finance and low human resource capacities. The population's positive perceptions of social enterprises are also mentioned, although knowledge about the products and services offered by them remains low. The existing legal framework, although it regulates the activity of social enterprises, is considered incomplete and inconsistent. Social entrepreneurship is seen as a solution to social and environmental problems, contributing to the creation of quality jobs and social cohesion. Although there are multiple challenges, the opportunities offered by social entrepreneurship for sustainable development and social innovation are significant. The authors suggest the need for increased support from the authorities and better public information in order to fully harness the potential of social entrepreneurship in Moldova.Item Contribuția Organizației Națiunilor Unite la identificarea soluțiilor conflictului armat din Ucraina(Editura USM, 2024) Tatamirov, PaulaThe aim of the research is to analyze the actions of the United Nations Organization to maintain peace and ensure security by identifying solutions to the armed conflict in Ukraine. The outlined objectives are: the historiographical description of the activities of the United Nations Organization in identifying solutions to the armed conflict in Ukraine; defining the theoretical and methodological aspects of International Organizations and armed conflict; establishing the political-legal basis and experience of the United Nations Organization in identifying solutions to the conflict and maintaining peace and security; determining the character of the armed conflict in Ukraine and the involvement of the United Nations Organization in identifying solu-tions; analyzing the actions of the United Nations Organization in mitigating the unprovoked armed conflict in Ukraine; assessing the cooperation between the Republic of Moldova and the United Nations Organization in identifying solutions to the armed conflict in Ukraine.Item Corupția în Republica Moldova: provocări și soluții în contextul integrării europene(Editura USM, 2024) Cemortan, DanielCorruption in the Republic of Moldova represents a major obstacle to economic and social development, negatively affecting the functioning of public institutions and citizens' trust in them. Although the fight against corruption is very useful for the European Integration process, it is difficult because of the deepening of the phenomenon in governance structures and social mentality. In order to effectively fight corruption, it is necessary to apply rigorous policies inspired by successful European practices and to tighten anti-corruption legislation. Increasing salaries and offering favorable economic conditions can reduce the attempt to commit acts of corruption among public officials. The European integration of the Republic of Moldova depends on the success in the fight against corruption and the promotion of deep reforms to strengthen the rule of law. Due to the active involvement of civil society and independent media, they play an important role in strengthening democracy by exposing corrupt practices and by constantly putting pressure on the authorities to act transparently and responsibly. These entities function as a check and balance mechanism, ensuring that abuses of power are brought to public attention and that those responsible are held accountable, which con-tributes to the creation of a fairer political environment and the advancement of the European Integration process.Item Cultura organizațională ca variabilă moderatoare și mediator în relațiile organizaționale: un studiu conceptual(Editura USM, 2024) Ceacîr, Irina; Balașa, Olesea.This research paper examines the pivotal role that organizational culture plays in the internal dynamics of an organization. The author delves deep into how shared values, norms, and beliefs among employees influence behavior, attitudes, and ultimately, organizational success. Organizational culture is not merely an abstract concept but a driving force that shapes how people work together, make decisions, and interact with the external environment. By understanding and effectively managing culture, organizations can foster a more productive, satisfying, and adaptable work environment. Through this analysis, the author offers valuable insights into the significance of organizational culture and how it can be leveraged to enhance performance and ensure long-term organizational success.Item Despre înţelesul noţiunii de „violenţă”, ca act de provocare(Editura USM, 2024) Ifrim, IonThe judicial practice is sometimes confronted with the problem of defining the notion of "violence", in the sense of the provisions of Article 75 of the Romanian Penal Code. As is well known, the cited provision regulates three hypotheses that may give rise to the attenuating circumstance of provocation and, consequently, to the application of a differentiated regime of punishment of the offender. In analyzing the text of Art. 75 para. 1 Penal Code - two opinions can be formulated in relation to the meaning of the term "violence"; according to one of them, this notion must be understood as a physical act of violence, while according to the other, the cited provisions are also applicable to mental violence, i.e. threat. We will try to present the arguments in favor of each of these theories.Item Dezvoltarea învăţământului un factor important pentru rezilienţa socială(Editura USM, 2024) Mocanu, AngelaFor a long period of time, the problem of sustainable development remains a very ongoing one both globally and within each individual country. Every country looks forward to having lasting societal resilience, not rapid socioeconomic development that could have unpredictable repercussions. In order to achieve it, first of all, there is a need for a detailed conceptualization of the notion of social resilience, which would include all spheres of social-economic life. The current transformation trends can only have a resilient finality for society if reforms are made in the field of the education system. In this context, we would like to mention the high mobility of capital and labor and the high competition; accelerating the pace of development of society, which results in the need to prepare people for life in a rapidly changing society; the transition to a post-industrial information society, where intercultural interaction expands significantly. In such conditions, the education system is the main link that would help citizens to adapt to the demands of the new information society.Item Dimensiuni ale consolidării parteneriatelor externe ale Republicii Moldova în contextul procesului de integrare europeană(Editura USM, 2024) Rusandu, Ion; Sterpu, VladimirThis article provides a comprehensive analysis of the role and impact of the World Bank in international relations, as well as the specific situation of the Republic of Moldova. In an increasingly interconnected and complex world, it is essential that we continue to reflect on how international institutions can help promote more equitable and sustainable development for all.Item Dreptul de acces la funcția de judecător la Curtea Supremă de Justiție: aspecte de constituționalitate și securitate juridică(Editura USM, 2024) Iacub, IrinaThe study includes a detailed analysis of the right of access to the position of judge at the Supreme Court of Justice, a highly topical subject at the moment, as we are in the process of completing the staffing of this authority. The study focuses on the analysis and elucidation of the essence and content of the given right, the conditions for exercising it and the specifics of its restriction. Distinct attention is paid to the way in which the restriction of its exercise, regulated by the legislation in force (in particular by Law no. 65/2023 and Law no. 64/2023), corresponds to the constitutional requirements in this field. Additionally, it is assessed how the regulation of its exercise guarantees the legal security of its holders.
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