Repozitoriul Instituțional al Universității de Stat din Moldova (RI USM)

Institutional Repository of Moldova State University (IR MSU)

Repozitoriul Instituțional al Universității de Stat din Moldova reprezintă arhiva digitală cu acces deschis a rezultatelor cercetărilor științifice și științifico-didactice efectuate în cadrul universității. Conținutul arhivei este multidisciplinar și include lucrări din domeniile științelor exacte și socio-umanistice.
The Institutional Repository of the State University of Moldova is an open access digital archive of the results of scientific and scientific-didactic research carried out within the university. The archive's content is multidisciplinary and includes works from the fields of exact sciences, social sciences and humanities.

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Recent Submissions

Ioan Vidu, doinitorul Marii Uniri, și Avram Iancu [Articol]
(Bons Offices, 2024) Stan, Constantin-Tufan
Ioan Vidu, the singer of the Great Union, and Avram Iancu. Marșul lui Iancu (The March of Iancu) and Haideți, frați!, two compositions signed by Ioan Vidu, published in 1903 at the Diocesan Printing House in Caransebeș, considered by the Prosecutor’s Office as having a subversive content that instigates revolt, were withdrawn from bookstores, and the entire print run was confiscated, the Royal Court of Timisoara initiating a criminal lawsuit against the author. Another legal conflict, on the subject of the homage to Avram Iancu, the so-called trial in the “Iancu affair”, judged in 1899 at the Royal Court of Alba Iulia, had as its object the collection destined for the erection of a monument. On this occasion, Ioan Vidu, animated by the purest patriotic feelings, published an article (a parallel between Avram Iancu and Lajos Kossuth), in which he deplored the confiscation of the fund by the Hungarian authorities.
Eficientizarea achizițiilor publice sectoriale în Republica Moldova [Articol]
(Universitatea de Stat din Moldova, 2026) Rusu, Elena; Cecan, Adelina
Acest articol analizează optimizarea achizițiilor publice sectoriale în Republica Moldova, subliniind importanța strategică a fazei de planificare în cadrul proceselor din domeniile energiei, apelor, transporturilor și serviciilor poștale. Achizițiile publice sectoriale constituie un instrument crucial pentru menținerea funcționării infrastructurii și sprijinirea unei creșteri economice sustenabile. Cercetarea scoate în evidență importanța determinării necesităților, studiul pieței, consultarea pieței și evaluarea valorii estimate a contractului ca trăsături fundamentale în eficientizarea procesului de achiziție publică. Pentru realizarea studiului, au fost utilizate metode tradiționale de cercetare științifică: metoda monografică, analiza documentelor, metoda comparației, analiza tendințelor, sinteza și interpretarea regulamentelor și normelor relevante temei etc. Obiectivul central este de a demonstra că optimizarea achizițiilor publice sectoriale contribuie eficient la utilizarea rațională a resurselor publice, la îmbunătățirea serviciilor de infrastructură și la consolidarea performanței instituțiilor în Republica Moldova.
Integration of gender dimension and social issues in sdgs and sustainability reporting [Articol]
(Universitatea de Stat din Moldova, 2026) Prisacaru, Veronica; Jalencu, Marian
The main objectives of the research were to conduct an investigation of the regulatory framework of sustainability reporting and to analyze the extent to which gender and social dimensions are reflected in sustainability reporting, based on an empirical study. To achieve these objectives, the following research methods were primarily employed: documentary analysis, descriptive analysis, and case study. The results of the research highlight that economic entities are increasingly and more responsibly engaging in addressing issues related to gender equality and social transformations, perceiving them as inseparable components of sustainable development. In this context, it is concluded that best practices represent an important benchmark for companies at the early stage of the reporting process, as well as for other entities, including those in the Republic of Moldova, which, although not currently subject to reporting obligations, are expected to become subject to such requirements in the near future.
Action of Fe2O3 and Fe2ZnO4 nanoparticles on strains of actinobacteria and filamentous fungi [Articol]
(Technical University of Moldova, 2026) Sîrbu, Tamara; Moldovan, Cristina; Bîrsa, Maxim; Gorincioi, Veronica
Background: Nanoparticles can exert both beneficial and adverse effects on microorganisms, including DNA modification, accelerated aging, and cell death. They may also act as biostimulants, enhancing the biosynthetic properties of microorganisms of industrial, medical, and agricultural importance. Therefore, studying the effects of nanoparticles on the biosynthesis of biologically active substances is both relevant and necessary. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of Fe₂O₃ and Fe₂ZnO₄ nanoparticles on the biosynthesis of biologically active substances in strains of actinobacteria and filamentous fungi. Materials and methods: The study subjects included two actinobacterial strains (Streptomyces gougerotii CNMN-Ac-14 and Streptomyces fradiae CNMN-Ac-11) and three filamentous fungi (Penicillium sp. 7, Penicillium sp. 12, and Penicillium sp. 14). The main parameters assessed were anti-inflammatory and antioxidant activities, along with protein content and catalase activity. Fe₂O₃ and Fe₂ZnO₄ nanoparticles, at concentrations of 1, 5, and 10 mg/L, were tested as stimulators of bioactive compound biosynthesis in the studied strains. The following opportunistic microorganisms were used as test strains: Aspergillus fumigatus, Fusarium solani, Fusarium oxysporum, and the pathogenic yeast Candida albicans. The results indicate that the addition of Fe₂O₃ and Fe₂ZnO₄ nanoparticles to the nutrient medium during subculturing of actinobacteria and filamentous fungi reduced antifungal and antioxidant activities in all studied strains. In the actinobacterial strains Streptomyces gougerotii CNMN-Ac-14 and Streptomyces fradiae CNMN-Ac-11, an increase in catalase activity was observed in variants containing Fe₂ZnO₄ nanoparticles at concentrations of 1–5 mg/L. The highest protein content in the Streptomyces fradiae CNMN-Ac-11 strain was recorded in the variant treated with 1 mg/L Fe₂O₃ nanoparticles, while in the Streptomyces gougerotii CNMNAc14 strain, it was observed in the variant containing 10 mg/L Fe₂ZnO₄ nanoparticles. The fungal strain Penicillium sp. 7 showed stimulation of catalase activity compared to the control sample in the variant treated with 10 mg/L Fe₂ZnO₄ nanoparticles. In the Penicillium sp. 14 strain, enhanced catalase activity was also observed at 10 mg/L Fe₂ZnO₄ nanoparticles, along with an increase in protein content in variants with 5–10 mg/L Fe₂O₃. Regarding the Penicillium sp. 12 strain, the tested nanoparticles exerted a stimulatory effect on protein biosynthesis at 1 mg/L for both Fe₂O₃ and Fe₂ZnO₄. Conclusions: According to the results of this study, it can be concluded that nanoparticles used in the subculturing of microorganisms (actinobacteria and filamentous fungi) can either stimulate or suppress their biosynthetic processes, depending on the strain, nanoparticle composition, and concentration.
Incidente și dispute româno-ruse privind dreptul la pescuit la gurile Dunării (1878-1916) [Articol]
(Bons Offices, 2024) Emilciuc, Andrei
Romanian-russian incidents and disputes regarding the right to fish at the mouths of the Danube (1878-1916). As a result of the Berlin Peace Congress (1878), Russia re-annexed to its empire the territory in the south of Bessarabia, retroceded to the Principality of Moldavia in 1856. With the recognition of Romania’s independence from the Ottoman Empire at the Berlin Peace Congress (1878), Russia’s border on the Danube was fixed by the great powers on the Chilia branch, and Romania received “in exchange” Dobrogea and the Danube Delta – an important fishing region. The situation, however, got complicated for the inhabitants of the towns and villages re-annexed to the Russian Empire, whose basic occupation was fishing. After 1878 they found themselves constrained to fish where they usually did over the years by a tax, which not all fishermen accepted to pay. In this study, we analyze the frequent fishing incidents, when the Romanian side had to seize the boats and inventory of fishermen from the south of Bessarabia, because they were caught in its territorial waters, without paying the required tax. The cases generated real diplomatic disputes, with notes of protest and mutual accusations, which amplified the existing tensions created after 1878, with the forced re-annexation of Bolgrad, Cahul and Ismail counties to the Russian Empire. In our research, we relied on studying the documentary material from the Government Archival Fund (National Archives Agency), namely the Bessarabia Governor᾿s Chancellery Fund, which preserves unpublished information about the complaints of fishermen from the southern Bessarabia against the “actions of harassment” against them in the Danube waters bordering Romania.