Facultatea de Drept / Faculty of Law
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Item Rolul instanţei de judecată în procedura de executare silită civilă(CEP USM, 2024) Severin, AndreiaThe essential functions of the court in the enforcement process is a critical legal mechanism ensuring the implementation of judicial decisions and the protection of the rights of both creditors and debtors. The court oversees the entire enforcement procedure, issuing enforceable titles and supervising the actions of judicial executors. It intervenes in disputes and objections raised by the involved parties, ensuring the legality and fairness of the enforcement measures. Additionally, the court’s role in the recognition and enforcement of foreign judicial and arbitral decisions is crucial, verifying compliance with national and international regulations to protect the rights of all parties involved.Item Диагностика криминалистики: понятие, задачи, объекты и субъекты(CEP USM, 2024) Самохвалова, ТатьянаForensic diagnostics plays a key role in crime investigations, providing important data and analytical information necessary to identify and establish the circumstances of a crime, as well as to identify potential suspects. This methodological approach represents a comprehensive system of analyzing and interpreting various traces, signs and evidence collected at the crime scene or during the investigation. The use of modern methods and techniques of forensic diagnostics can help increase the effectiveness of investigations and ensure justice in criminal proceedings.Item Procedura decăderii din drepturile părinteşti(CEP USM, 2024) Rostov, AnaThe termination of parental rights constitutes the most severe sanction that can be applied to parents. For this reason, termination of parental rights can only occur through judicial proceedings and only after the grounds provided under Article 67 of the Family Code of the Republic of Moldova have been estabilished. It is the responsability of the judges to issue a lawful decision keeping in mind the superior interests of the child.Item Cooperarea vamală internaţională(CEP USM, 2024) Postovan, TiniaInternational customs cooperation is crucial for facilitating trade and preventing illegal activities at borders. By implementing simplified procedures through international agreements and conventions, countries can reduce wait times and transaction costs. The data shows significant reductions in fraudulent activities and increased trade volumes in regions with strong customs cooperation. However, challenges such as economic disparities, insufficient infrastructure, and varying national regulations hinder full integration. Future directions include creating real-time information exchange platforms, training customs personnel to international standards, and adopting advanced monitoring technologies. Strengthening public-private partnerships is also essential for developing tailored solu- tions for the private sector. The bibliography includes relevant academic works addressing various aspects of international customs cooperation, such as studies on simplifying customs procedures, the impact of free trade agreements, and the role of customs services in trade facilitation. These sources provide a comprehensive perspective on the subject studied.Item Aspectele teoretico-practice ale controlului fiscal în Republica Moldova(CEP USM, 2024) Cartera, ElizavetaThe given study presents a synthesis of the theoretical elements regarding fiscal control, of the bibliographic sources in which it is defined and approached or commented on, as well as its legislative basis. It presents the historical evolution of fiscal control as a verification method and tool used by tax authorities and a comparative analysis of legislative aspects related to fiscal control between the Republic of Moldova and other countries.Item Formele şi metodele controlului fiscal – aspect teoretico-practice(CEP USM, 2024) Patraşcu, VladaFiscal control has always been a highly important subject because this process aims to verify the tax bases, the legality and adherence to tax legislation, the correctness and accuracy of taxpayers fulfillment of tax obligations, and adherence to tax legislation. Fiscal control in Moldova significantly impacts taxpayers, the business environment, and the overall economy by ensuring compliance, fostering transparency, and enhancing revenue collection.Item Reglementarea juridică a plăţilor şi garanţiilor internaţionale(CEP USM, 2024) Mocanu, TatianaLes paiements et garanties internationales sont essentiels pour le commerce mondial, offrant sécurité et prévisibilité. Les instruments principaux sont la lettre de crédit, l’incasso, l’ordre de paiement, la traite et le chèque. Les garanties internationales, comme les lettres de crédit standby, sont régies par les normes internationales (UCP 600, ISP98, URDG 758). La gestion des risques utilise des stratégies telles que les clauses de change et les opérations de couverture.Item Corelatia dintre principiul disponibilităţii în procedura civilă şi în procedura de executare silită(CEP USM, 2024) Pleşco, ValeriaLe principe de disponibilité donne aux parties la liberté de contrôler les actions dans les procédures civiles et d’exécution. Dans la procédure civile, les parties exercent leurs droits et intérêts devant le tribunal, tandis que dans la procédure d’exécution forcée, le créancier peut initier ou renoncer à l’exécution et le débiteur peut coopérer au règlement amiable de la dette. Ce principe garantit l’équilibre entre les intérêts des parties dans les deux procédures.Item Măsurile de protecţie a persoanei în legătură cu desfăşurarea procesului penal şi eficienţa lor(CEP USM, 2024) Melnic, VictorThis thesis investigates the efficiency of protective measures for individuals involved in criminal proceedings, emphasizing the need for harmonizing national and international legislation. It explores tailored approaches for different victim categories, such as witnesses, victims of domestic violence, and sexual offenses. The study underlines the importance of specific, efficient protective measures, proper administrative procedures, and international collaboration to enhance safety and justice in criminal processes.Item Modificarea acţiunii în procedură civilă şi procedura arbitrară(CEP USM, 2024) Mangîr, VladaThe amendment of claims in civil and arbitral proceedings is essential for maintaining procedural fairness and justice. Such flexibility allows adaptation to the evolving needs of the parties, and enhancing access to justice. By refining the legal framework, procedural abuses can be mitigated, ensuring that changes in claims do not obstruct the judicial proc- ess. Implementing clear guidelines would promote efficiency, transparency, and trust in the legal system.