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Item TRANSFERTS INTERSÉMIOTIQUES ET TRANSFERT DES SENS DANS LES COMÉDIES FRANÇAISES SOUS-TITRÉES EN ROUMAIN(2023) Grădinaru, AngelaCet article se focalise sur l’étude de la traduction de l’humour dans le domaine audiovisuel. Notre objectif est d’explorer la manière dont certains types d’humour sont traduits du français vers le roumain via le sous-titrage de la comédie La ch’tite famille, d’identifier les problèmes rencontrés par le traducteur dans le processus du transfert des expressions humoristiques, des jeux de mots dans ces productions audiovisuelles, de déterminer les solutions existantes auxquelles le traducteur peut recourir pour résoudre ces problèmes. La traduction de l’humour dans le domaine audiovisuel pose des défis qui sont soulignés par les contraintes propres à ce domaine et par les particularités du type de production audiovisuelle analysé. Le transfert de l’humour d’une langue à une autre et sa compréhension en traduction audiovisuelle peuvent se produire au niveau non verbal (images, sons, effets sonores) et au niveau verbal (expressions humoristiques, jeux de mots) qui sont des éléments importants pour recevoir et reproduire l’humour au niveau intralinguistique et interlinguistique. Le contenu sémiotique de la production audiovisuelle qui comporte quatre canaux: verbalauditif (dialogue, bruit de fond, etc.), non verbal-auditif (sons naturels, effets sonores, musique), verbal-visuel (sous-titrage, tout texte apparaissant dans le film comme des lettres, des livres, des journaux, de la publicité, etc.) et non verbaux-visuels (la composition de l’image, la position et le mouvement des caméras vidéo, etc.) contribuent à construire le sens et obligent le traducteur à condenser les éléments transmis dans le message à travers une seule dimension (le texte écrit). L’humour peut être conditionné par les mots qui sont utilisés intentionnellement (jeu de mots) et involontairement. Par conséquent, la simple substitution de ces mots par d’autres comme des synonymes ou des équivalents est parfois propice à la perte de l’effet humoristique. La majorité des problèmes auxquels un traducteur peut être confronté trouvent également leur origine dans des connotations socioculturelles. Les stratégies utilisées par le traducteur pour transférer des séquences comiques sont illustrées par des exemples tirés de la comédie française La ch’tite famille. The present article represents a study of humour in audiovisual translation. Our aim is to explore the way certain types of humour are translated from French into Romanian via subtitling of the comedy La ch’tite famille (English title: Family is Family), to identify the problems the translator encounters in the process of rendering humour in these audiovisual productions, to determine the existent solutions the translator can resort to in order to solve these problems. Rendering humour in audiovisual translation poses some challenges which are emphasised by the constraints specific of this domain and by the peculiarities of the type of audiovisual production under analysis. The transfer of humour from one language into another and its understanding in audiovisual translation can occur at nonverbal level (images, sounds and sound effects) and at verbal level (humourous expressions, wordplay) which are important elements in receiving and reproducing humour at intralinguistic and interlinguistic level. The semiotic content of the audiovisual production that contains four channels: verbal-auditory (dialogue, background noise, etc.), nonverbal-auditory (natural sounds, sound effects, music), verbalvisual (subtitling, any text that appears in the film like letters, books, newspapers, advertising, etc.) and nonverbal-visual (the composition of the image, the position and movement of video cameras, etc.) contribute to building the meaning and compel the translator to condense the elements transmitted in the message through a single dimension (the written text). Humour can be conditioned by the words that are used intentionally (wordplay) and unintentionally. Therefore, the mere substitution of these words with others like synonyms or equivalents is sometimes conducive to the loss of the humorous effect. The majority of the problems a translator may face also originate in sociocultural connotations. The strategies used by the translator in transferring humorous units of meaning are illustrated through examples from the French comedy Family is Family.Item ROLUL ECHIVALENȚEI ÎN SUBTITRAREA ÎN LIMBA ROMÂNĂ A COMEDIILOR FRANCEZE(Print-Caro, 2021) Grădinaru, AngelaThe present article represents a study on equivalence in audiovisual translation. A translation should produce the same effect like the original. The difficulties imposed by the translation of French comedies target the transfer of sense and of expressive meaning. The subtitler aims at helping the viewer to overcome the linguistic and cultural barriers. Therefore, the highest difficulty is not represented by the words and word-combinations that do not have an appropriate equivalent in the target-language. Instead, the translation difficulty is represented by the realities they refer to. The aim of audiovisual translation is to create an equivalence between the source-text and the target-text (both have to refer to the same thing). Subtitling means faithful translation of a film dialogue in a language that should be accessible to the audience. Translation is, above all, destined for spectators. To translate means to create “an equivalent” of the original film, that is, a film with the fewest distortions of the content of the original. We refer to an equal exchange value which becomes a negotiable entity. The reader of the translation should be given the same opportunity like the reader of the original. The translator decides about the translation approach and chooses the strategies s/he will use. When translating words and humorous expressions, the translator has to have consideration for the receiver, his age, his linguistic and cultural level. The study illustrates numerous examples from various French comedies subtitled in Romanian.Item MIJLOACELE DE ECHIVALARE A ENUNȚURILOR PAREMIOLOGICE ÎN COMEDIILE FRANCEZE SUBTITRATE ÎN LIMBA ROMÂNĂ(CEP USM, 2020) Grădinaru, AngelaAcest articol reprezintă un studiu al proverbelor în traducerea audiovizuală. În comedie, proverbele joacă un rol important în procesul de comunicare al personajelor. Chiar dacă franceza și româna au caracteristici conexe care manifestă o dimensiune universală (definită de lingviști ca frazeologii universale), traducerea paremiilor rămâne o problemă complexă. Dificultățile impuse de paremii vizează transferul sensului și al valențelor expresive. Subtitrorul își propune să ajute tespectatorul să depășească barierele lingvistice și culturale. Prin urmare, cea mai mare dificultate reprezintă nu cuvintele, unitățile de cuvinte, pentru care nu există un echivalent adecvat, ci realitățile la care acestea se referă. Scopul traducerii audiovizuale este de a stabili o echivalență între textul limbii sursă și cel al limbii țintă (ambele trebuie să însemne același lucru), ținându-se cont de un anumit număr de constrângeri. Procesul este complet dacă finalitatea textului vizat coincide cu cea a textului sursă, cu alte cuvinte, dacă primul are aceeași funcție comunicativă într-un context cultural echivalent. Prin urmare, acest studiu va arăta calea de traducere valabilă pentru găsirea echivalentelor paremiologice. Ea constă în aplicarea diferitor tehnici de traducere, ținându-se cont de particularitățile formale, semantice, stilistice, culturale și funcționale ale universului paremiologic. Studiul este ilustrat de numeroase exempleâ din diverse comedii franceze cu subtitrare în limba română.