2. Articole
Permanent URI for this collectionhttps://msuir.usm.md/handle/123456789/13419
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Item Funcționalitatea gametofitului mascul la descendenții plantelor de tomate reinfectate cu virusuri(CEP USM, 2024) Saltanovici, Tatiana; Andronic, Larisa; Antoci, LudmilaThe article discusses the functionality of the male gametophyte in tomato offspring obtained from plants reinfected with Tobacco Mosaic Virus and Tomato Aspermy Virus. It was established that the plants from experimental variants showed specific responses associated with the change of the male gametophyte activity, that allows to the identification of resistant genotypes based on the established variability. According to the results of the ANOVA test, the variability of the pollen viability was primarily influenced by the genotype, which is important for the elucidation of the genetic basis of the reinfected genotypes and their descendants, as well as for breeding works. Genotypes that showed a high level of functionality of the male gametophyte under optimal and stressful conditions were highlighted, which allows their use in further research.Item Identificarea relațiilor dintre parametrii ce contribuie la diferențierea răspunsului tomatelor la deficit hidric(CEP USM, 2024) Mărîi, Liliana; Andronic, Larisa; Sahanovschih, Marionela; Ionașcu-Urechii, AngelaThe study aims to analyze the conventionally associated reactions between different quantitative indices in the formation of the plant's response to drought (PEG 6000) in tomato sprouts. The results indicate a moderate positive correlation between PEG6000 concentration (0, 10, 12%) and seed germination rate in 10 genotypes. A significant decrease in seedling and radicale length (18-67%) was observed under stress conditions, with a stimulation of lateral and adventitious radicale formation. Principal Component Analysis (PCA) for 9 quantitative indicators in 5 tomato genotypes identified that the first three principal components explain 82.3% of the variability, presenting combinations of traits with diametrically opposite effects, some increasing the variance of the data field and others, on the contrary, decreasing it, thus differentiating the genotypes in the coordinate plane based on their response to optimal conditions or stress as determined by the principal components. This fact allows us to highlight the indicators that are relevant in estimating the genotype's reaction to stress.Item Traits of tomato male gametophyte as a criterion for selection of breeding valuable forms at early stages of ontogenesis(CEP USM, 2024) Makovei, MilaniaIn vitro assessment of pollen qualitative traits affecting reproductive and other functions of tomato plants was carried out, including under the influence of a high-temperature stress factor in multimarker lines and F1 hybrids obtained on their basis. The F1 hybrids and lines are characterized by morphological traits of pollen. It was revealed that the morphological heterogeneity of pollen grains in the F1 hybrid Rozamak is associated with the dominant inheritance of the ls gene from the maternal form. It has been shown that the processes of pollen germination and pollen tube growth under in vitro conditions in both freshly collected and heat-treated F1 hybrids occur synchronously and in a shorter period (1-2 hours) than in their parental lines.Item ФОРМИРОВАНИЕ ВНУТРИПОПУЛЯЦИОННОЙ ГЕНОТИПИЧЕСКОЙ ИЗМЕНЧИВОСТИ У ТОМАТА ПРИ ИСПОЛЬЗОВАНИИ ДЛЯ ОПЫЛЕНИЯ ТЕРМООБРАБОТАННОЙ ПЫЛЬЦЫ(CEP USM, 2024) Маковей, МиланияThe paper presents the results of studying the effect of tomato pollen heat-treated at 45°C for 8 hours on the degree of genotypic variability in heterogeneous F1, F2, F3 populations obtained by direct and reciprocal crosses. Intra- and interpopulation periodic selections on a complex of traits of male gametophyte (viability, pollen heat resistance, pollen tube length and pollen tube length resistance) are used. It has been shown that cyclic three-fold pollination of the best genotypes (P1 x P2 - F1 x A - F1 x B and F2 x A - F2 x B) with preheated pollen increases the probability of combination of desirable genes influencing the resistance of genotypes in populations and can be used to improve parental forms, obtain new resistant genotypes, as well as to increase the effect of heterosis in F1 hybrids to high-temperature stress.Item EFECTELE TEMPERATURII RIDICATE LA DIFERITE ETAPE ONTOGENETICE ASUPRA UNOR INDICI FENOTIPICI LA PLANTELE DE TOMATE(CEP USM, 2024) Mărîi, Liliana; Andronic, Larisa; Sahanovschih, Marionela; Ionaşcu-Urechii, AngelaThe study aims to investigate the tomato plants response to heat stress applied at the germination and seedling stages, evaluating certain phenotypic parameters in order to highlight possible particularities associated with adaptability to unfavorable environmental conditions. The research included three tomato genotypes with determined stress reactions that were designed into four variants: optimal-optimal, optimal-stress, stress-optimal, and stress-stress. The application of high temperatures at the germination stage significantly affects the subsequent development of tomato plants, resulting in a decrease in the average values of morphological traits compared to optimal conditions variants. The effects of heat stress vary depending on the genotype and the analyzed trait, with certain variants exhibiting specific vulnerabilities. Variance analysis shows that the temperature conditions and the stress application scheme significantly contribute to the variability of morphological traits, with stress at the germination stage having a dominant impact on architectural traits of plants, while genotype becomes the major influencing factor at the seedling stage. The results emphasize the importance of plant adaptability to thermal stress at different developmental stages.Item Identification of mycotoxin – producing species of Fusarium in tomato ontogenesis(CEP USM, 2024-10-07) Deaghileva, AngelaThe results of molecular identification of toxigenic Fusarium spp. in local tomato varieties at some vegetative phases are presented. F. oxysporum, F. verticillioides, F. proliferatum, F. avenaceum, F. equiseti, F. solani were found at different stages of tomato development. Sequences of FUM gene cluster involved in the synthesis of Fumonisin B1 and Polyketide synthase (PKS13) gene sequences involved in the synthesis of Zearalenone were revealed in some tomato varieties infected by certain toxigenic Fusarium species.Item IMPACTUL INFECȚIILOR VIRALE ASUPRA ACTIVITĂȚII GAMETOFITULUI MASCULIN DE TOMATE(CEP USM, 2023) Saltanovici, Tatiana; Andronic, Larisa; Antoci, Ludmila; Buldumac, AnaReinfection of tomato genotypes with tobacco mosaic virus or tomato aspermia virus results in a change of plant pollen productivity and male gametophyte activity. Under the influence of infection, the specificity of the genotype response for a number of functional traits of the male gametophyte was revealed. Under conditions of primary infection and reinfection, the genotype was a determining factor in the variability of pollen viability, while the change in the size of pollen tubes was mainly determined by the appearance of viruses. As a result of the experiments, two varieties Venets and Rufina were selected for further research, combining a high level of pollen viability and productivity. They testify to a high reproductive capacity of varieties; the combination of these indicators can be used as a tool for the selection of valuable genotypes.