2. Articole
Permanent URI for this collectionhttps://msuir.usm.md/handle/123456789/13419
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Item Productivity indices in Lavandula Angustifolia mill. Varieties, sixth year of vegetation [Articol](Editura USM, 2025) Butnaraș, Violeta; Balmuș, Zinaida; Cotelea, LudmilaThe evaluation of quantitative character indices – lant height and diameter, number of flowering stems per plant, inflorescence and floral spike length, number of whorls on the floral spike, raw material yield, and essential oil content – allowed for the characterization and assessment of each lavender variety-clone. The varieties under study synthesized and accumulated an essential oil content at standard humidity (60%) exceeding 2% (Svetlana – 2.199%; Alba 7 – 2.188%), and on dry matter basis exceeding 5% (Svetlana – 5.498%; Alba 7 – 5.472%). Raw material yield varied from 3.6 t/ha to 7.7 t/ha depending on the variety, with the most productive being Svetlana (7.7 t/ha), Alba 7 (7.3 t/ha), and Favoare (6.7 t/ha). The essential oil yield in the evaluated varieties-clones ranged from 11.6 kg/t to 22.0 kg/t. The highest yields were recorded in the varieties: Svetlana (22.0), Alba 7 (21.8), and Favoare (17.1) kg of essential oil per ton of fresh inflorescences.Item Variability and equality of biochemical qualitative characteristics varieties and lines new tomato obtained in vitro [Articol](Editura USM, 2025) Sîromeatnicov, Iulia; Cotenco, Eugenia; Paladi, Dana; Brezeanu, Petre; Ambărus, SilvicaIn the agrarian sector, lines, varieties, which had high uniformity, distinctiveness and stability of fruit productivity and quality in different environmental conditions, were of particular importance. The most important trend in the strategy of plant breeding at the stage of adaptive intensification in agriculture was combining the resistance of the varieties to the stress- producing abiotic factors of the environment with high levels of fruit productivity and quality. The determination of the genetic complex of quantitative characters, including drought resistance, hindered the success of the breeding process, the purpose of which was to create genotypes combining many valuable characters. As a result of distance hybridization, interest for the breeder also presents the spectrum of genetic variability, which increases the efficiency of genotypes selection with high productivity and increased resistance to environmental stressors. One of the main tasks of amelioration was grandiose blending in the same variety of high productivity and resistance to stress factors (drought).Item Influence of the prepatation ecostim on the parameters of photosynthetic activity and productivity of winter barley varieties [Articol](Editura USM, 2025) Secrieru, SilviaThe results of studies by the action of the drug Ecostim on the growth parameters, photosynthetic activity and productivity of Czech winter barley varieties Luran and Lancelot in the conditions of the South of the Republic of Moldova are presented. It has been shown that spraying plants in the tillering phase - the beginning of their emergence into the tube with a growth regulator of a steroid nature - stimulates plant growth, accumulation of plastid pigments in assimilation organs, the formation of raw and absolutely dry biomass and an increase in the yield of varieties. It was shown that the response to processing depends on the varietal characteristics, manifests itself to a greater extent in the Lancelot variety, which is characterized by lower parameters of photosynthetic activity and productivity, compared to the Luran variety.Item Variabilitatea fenotipică a caracterelor valoroase la grâul durum și triticale [Articol](CEP USM, 2025) Rotari, Silvia; Leatamborg, SvetlanaÎn lucrare sunt prezentate rezultatele studiului a 10 linii de grâu durum de toamnă și 10 linii de triticale de toamnă din câmpul de control. Genotipurile au fost cercetate pe baza unor caractere importante morfobiologice și de productivitate (înălțimea plantei, numărul de tulpini, lungimea spicului, numărul de spiculețe și numărul de boabe per spic, greutatea boabelor per spic șu masa a 1000 boabe). Analiza caracterelor morfologice și a productivității, a evidențiat o variabilitate înaltă în ceea ce privește numărul de frați, numărul de boabe și greutatea lor, ce ne oferă posibilități de selectare a genotipurilor valoroase. În rezultatul cercetărilor au fost identificate și selectate genotipuri utile care s-au utilizat în hibridări ca genitori de caractere valoroase. În baza acestor genotipuri au fost obținuți 40 hibrizi intraspecifici reciproci, care vor fi studiați în generațiile F1-F4.Item Acțiunea antifungică a trichodermei atrobrunneum asupra unor fungi fitopatogeni cultivată în prezența unor substanțe utilizate în calitate de stimulatori în mediul de cultivare(CEP USM, 2024) Țurcan, Olga; Sîrbu, Tamara; Moldovan, Cristina; Chiselița, Oleg; Chiselița, NataliaThe action of the cultivation medium and some substances used as stimulators on the productivity of the T. atrobrunneum CNMN FD 25 strain was studied. The obtained results allow us to summarize that of all the variations of media used for the cultivation of T. atrobrunneum, the M(Gl,Z) medium proved to be the most optimal, registering a productivity of 15 g/l. T. atrobrunneum cultivated on nutrient medium M (Gl, Z) has a strong antagonistic effect against phytopathogenic fungi: Alternaria alternata, Botrytis cinerea, Fusarium solani, Fusarium oxysporum, the diameter of the inhibition zones varied from 20 to 32 mm in relation to strain grown on M (Gl) and M (Z) medium, supplemented with iron compounds and exometabolites of S. cerevisiae.Item Inheritance of grain number per main spike in F1 hybrids of Hordeum vulgare L(CEP USM, 2024-10-07) Kuzmenko, Yevhenii; Polishchuk, Tetiana; Los, Ruslan; Sukailo, Mykhailo; Khomenko, Tetiana; Zhytomyrets OksanaThe results of the inheritance of grain number per main spike in F1 hybrids of winter barley under the conditions of the V.M. Remeslo Myronivka Institute of Wheat of NAAS are presented. Different types of trait inheritance were established depending on the combination of crossing. According to the type of positive overdominance (hp ≥ +1.00), 7 hybrid combinations of winter barley were selected. As genetic sources for increasing the grain productivity of plant, the variety KWS Tenor and the line Pallidum 5173 should be used as the maternal component.Item STUDII ALE VARIABILITĂȚII ȘI HERITABILITĂȚII CARACTERELOR DE PRODUCTIVITATE ȘI CALITATE LA GRÂUL COMUN(CEP USM, 2024) Lupaşcu, Galina; Gavzer, Svetlana; Cristea, Nicolae; Rudacova, Angela; Cherdivară, AlaThe article presents the results of the genetic-environmental control study of the productivity elements of the common autumn wheat spike (7 genotypes during the years 2020-2022). The objects of the work: i) recording the elements of productivity; ii) establishing the weight (%) of the year, genotype, year x genotype interaction factors of in the source of variability character; iii) calculation of genetic parameters of variability and heritability, heritability coefficient; iv) determination of the biochemical quality of wheat grains. Research methods: biometric, biochemical, mathematical, statistical. Results obtained - the particularities were established: i) variability, heritability, the factorial weight of the conditions of the year and the wheat genotype in the source of variation of the productivity elements of the spike; ii) heritability and genetic advance; iii) the content of proteins, wet gluten, dry gluten, carbohydrates in grains during the years of study.Item Particularităţile de creştere şi fructificare a unor soiuri de cais altoite pe portaltoiul corcoduş(CEP USM, 2024-10-07) Grosu, Ion; Grițcan, SavaThe article presents the results of the research carried out in 2021-2022 regarding the influence of agrotechnical processes on the growth and productivity of apricot of the Spring Blush, Pinkcot and Big Red varieties grafted on cherry plum with a plum interlayer of the Stanley variety. Scientific data are presented regarding trunk diameter, tree height, crown width, average and total length of annual growth, fruit set, as well as fruit yieldin the first 4-6 years of tree vegetation.Item Valorificarea liniilor noi de grâu durum de toamnă ca donator de caractere valoroase(CEP USM, 2024-10-07) Rotari, Silvia; Gore, Andrei; Leatamborg, SvetlanaIn the result of researching after the qualitative characters (mass per 1000 grains, hectolitric mass, grain germination, percentage of glassy and the harvest of lines on 5m2 were selected 10 lines of winter durum wheat. All the studied lines showed themselves in different ways according to certain signs. The analysis of the morphological characters and the productivity of the ear, of the studied lines revealed a high variability of the number of stems, by the number of grains, their weight and mass per 1000 grains that offer us possibilities to select the genotypes of interest after these characters. As a result of studying the above-named characters, we selected a new initial material, which was used in intraspecific hybridization in order to create a new material with high productivity and resistance to environmental factors.Item Phenotypic plasticity and plant resistance to abiotic stress(CEP USM, 2024-10-07) Dascaliuc, Alexandru; Jelev, Natalia; Ralea, TudorThe phenotypic plasticity of cultivated plants exceeds that characteristic of spontaneous plants. Concerning this, the question arises as to why a commensurate level of genome volume did not accompany the high level of crop plant phenotype changes. More and more data are emerging, demonstrating that, due to the rapid activation of phylogenetic adaptation systems stored in the genome, phenotypic plasticity generates non-random adaptation changes. We present the results of assessing the resistance of plants to the action of extreme temperatures and the influence of the biostimulator Reglalg on the viability, resistance, plasticity, and productivity of wheat and pedunculated oak plants.