2. Articole

Permanent URI for this collectionhttps://msuir.usm.md/handle/123456789/13419

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    Molecular-genetic identification of certain fruit tree mycopathogens transmitted by aphid vectors [Articol]
    (Editura USM, 2025) Uzun, Tatiana; Grăjdieru, Cristina
    This study focuses on the molecular-genetic identification of phytopathogenic fungi transmitted by aphids in fruit orchards. Specimens of Dysaphis and Hyalopterus aphids were collected from apple and plum trees respectively, and DNA was extracted using the SDS protocol. A two-step PCR method with species-specific primers targeting fungal pathogens (Monilinia spp., Penicillium spp., and Botrytis cinerea) was applied. Amplification products revealed the presence of P. chrysogenum, M. fructigena, and B. cinerea in samples from Hyalopterus, while Dysaphis samples tested negative for all target fungi. These results confirm that Hyalopterus aphids can act as vectors for both generalist and specialist phytopathogens at early stages of the growing season. The findings highlight the complex multi-level interactions between insect vectors, pathogens, and host plants in agroecosystems. Continuous monitoring and early detection of secondary fungal infections are essential for maintaining phytosanitary stability.
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    Eficacitatea extractelor vegetale din sofora (Sophora flavescens) și neem (Azadirachta indica) în combaterea dăunătorilor din spațiu protejat
    (CEP USM, 2024) Todiraș, Vladimir; Gușan, Ana; Soran, Maria-Loredana; Stegarescu, Adina
    In this study we present the results of efficacy of plant extracts from Sophora (Sophora flavescens) and Neem (Azadirachta indica) in greenhouse pest control. Bioassays were performed on aphids and spider mites in order to compare the pesticidal activity of new preparative form and extracts from Sophora flavescens and NEEM-01 with that of the commercial biorational products Pelecol and MatrinBio. The extact NEEM- 01 at a dose of 10 l/ ha has potential as aphicide and acaricide, although in terms of efficacy in controlling aphids and mites it is different. NEEM-01 was quite effective against the aphid population compared to spider mites, which are more mobile, ceasing to feed on the treated leaf. A higher mortality of pests with higher biological efficacy of NEEM- 01 was achieved after two treatments with an interval of 10 days between them.
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    PARTICULARITĂŢILE AGROECOLOGICE A DINAMICII AFIDELOR (HOMOPTERA: APHIDAE) LA CULTURA DE TRITICALE
    (CEP USM, 2023) Vition, Pantelei
    It was evaluated the dinamics of aphid species (Aphidae, Homoptera) on the triticale culture.