2. Articole

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    Tulpini de trichoderma cu potențial antifungic înalt față de fitopatogeni
    (CEP USM, 2024) Sîrbu, Tamara; Moldovan, Cristina
    Fungal infections in agriculture lead to a significant decrease in crop yield, and their control can be carried out chemically or biologically. The biological way is more effective. In this study, the effectiveness of in vitro biological control against the fungal pathogens: A. alternata, B. cinerea, F. oxysporum and F. solani was evaluated, using Trichoderma atrobruneum CNMN FD 25 and Trichoderma longibrachiatum CNMN FD 27 strains as biological control agents. The obtained results demonstrated a high sensitivity of the metabolite solutions of Trichoderma strains to the tested phytopathogens, significantly reducing their growth. Therefore the strains T. atrobruneum CNMN FD 25 and T. longibrachiatum CNMN FD 27 can be used as biological control agents of crops.
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    SUNFLOWER PROTECTION AGAINST SPREAD DISEASES IN THE WESTERN FOREST-STEPPE OF UKRAINE
    (CEP USM, 2024-10-07) Andriychuk, Tetyana; Skoreiko, Alla; Kuvshynov, Alexander
    The results of fungicide usage BAS 762 02 F against spread sunflower diseases: septoria leaf spot of sunflower (Septoria helianthiEll. et Kell.) and alternaria (Alternaria helianthi (Hansf.) Tubaki & Nishih.) in the western Forest-steppe of Ukraine. The best rates of usage for preparations' input according to the studies results during 2021–2022. The fungicide highest efficiency against septoria leaf spot observed in the scope 0.8–1.0 l/ha. The preparation's technical efficiency consisted of 78.8–81.4%. The fungicide BAS 762 02 F usage against alternaria reduced the sunflower's plant disease development on 3.7–6.9 times at preparation's consumption rate 0,6– 1,0 l/ha in comparison with control. The preparation's technical efficiency consisted of 72.7 – 85.5%.
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    LINII DE PERSPECTIVĂ PENTRU OBȚINEREA SOIURILOR DE TOMATE CU REZISTENȚĂ SPORITĂ LA AGENȚII PATOGENI
    (CEP USM, 2023) Sîromeatnicov, Iulia; Cotenco, Eugenia; Paladi, Dana
    The investigated researches were oriented towards studying the dynamics of development and evolution of diseases in tomato culture with the assessment of resistance comparative of plants to pathogens visualized in field conditions (Alternaria sp.; Stolbur disease mycoplasma and Tomato mosaic virus (TMV). The research results show us that the effects caused by the disease Alternaria sp., in tomato lines cultured by seedlings were contaminated with the percentage value of 68,7%, at the same time for the parental forms cultured by seeds this disease constituted maximum values of 89.1%. The difference between perspective lines and parental forms is 20.4%. The maximum size of the values obtained in parental forms exceeds by 21.6% the outlook lines for the Stolbur disease mycoplasma.
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    EVALUAREA POTENŢIALULUI PATOGENIC ÎN COMBINAȚIILE HIBRIDE F1 DE TOMATE
    (CEP USM, 2023) Sîromeatnicov, Iulia; Cotenco, Eugenia; Paladi, Dana
    In the current paper is presented the pathogen depending on its nature, the character of appearance and spread to tomato plants. Climatic conditions during the growing season were relatively unfavorable for primary description and evolution dynamic manifestation and extension of the disease that affected some reproductive organs with phytopathological impact. Evaluation of complex research in field conditions, on characterization and evaluation of plant genetic resources by using various methods of improving the pathogenic form, the tobacco mosaic virus has demonstrated an increase in disease compared to parental forms and a decrease compared to F1 hybrid combinations.