2. Articole

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    Antifungal activity of lipid fractions of medicinal plants against Furasium isolates from infected garlic cloves [Articol]
    (Editura USM, 2025) Bobrova, Olena; Golosna, Lesia; Narozhnyi, Stanislav; Osetsky, Aleksandr; Zamecnik, Jiri
    Garlic (Allium sativum L.) is widely cultivated for its culinary and medicinal value but is highly susceptible to fungal diseases, particularly those caused by Fusarium species. This study evaluated the antifungal activity of lipid fractions from seven medicinal plants against Fusarium isolates obtained from infected garlic cloves. The lipid fractions were added to PDA medium and fungal growth was monitored over nine days. The lipid fractions of Eucalyptus mellidora and Salvia officinalis significantly reduced mycelial growth of both isolates compared to the control, suggesting strong antifungal potential. Other oils exhibited moderate or low activity. These findings support the potential use of selected plant-derived lipid fractions as natural fungicides in garlic protection. Further research is needed to validate efficacy under field conditions.
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    Effect of some essential oils on Acanthoscelides obtectus Say (coleoptera: bruchidae) and Tetranychus urticae koch, (acari: tetranychidae) adults
    (CEP USM, 2024) Muntyan, Elena; Ciocarlan, Alexandru; Kulcitki, Veaceslav; Batco, Mihail; Aricu, Aculina; Lungu, Lidia; Blaja, Svetlana; Popescu, Violeta
    In search of new and safe pesticides, the toxicity of volatile oils obtained from three plant species against Acanthoscelides obtectus and Tetranychus urticae adults was studied. The essential oils of peppermint (Mentha piperita L), rosemary (Rosmarinus officinalis L) and coriander (Coriandrum sativum L) showed higher toxicity on mites than on weevils. The peppermint and rosemary essential oils demonstrated efficacy against A. obtectus in both fumigant and acute contact toxicity tests. The peppermint and coriander essential oils had the most pronounced fumigant toxicity to mites, with LT50 of 2.5 and 3.7 h, respectively, at 5 μg/cm³ air and are the most promising sources of natural substances with acaricidal properties.