2. Articole
Permanent URI for this collectionhttps://msuir.usm.md/handle/123456789/13419
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Item Eficacitatea Trichogramma evanescens westw în câmp în prezenţa substanţelor biologic active cu proprietăţi cairomonale la cultura de floarea soarelui(CEP USM, 2024) Gavrilița, Lidia; Nastas, TudorThe research conducted during the years 2020-2023 has demonstrated that in the experimental variant (in the presence of biologically active substances), the prolificity of Trichogramma evanescens females increased by approximately 1.4-1.5 times compared to the prolificacy of females in the control variant. As a result, there is a quantitative saving of Sitotroga cerealella eggs in the reproduction process by 20-25%, and of the elite entomophage Trichogramma spp. by about 15-20%. The searching capacity of the entomophage Trichogramma evanescens, as a result of the influence of biologically active substances with kairomonal properties, showed results approximately 1.6 times higher in the control, indicating that females in the control move more slowly than in the experimental variant. In the case of experiments conducted under field conditions, the action of kairomonal substances was confirmed to significantly increase the rate of parasitized eggs compared to the control variant (Td=2.5-4.8 > 1.96=T0.05). Biologically active substances play a crucial role in the biological protection of plants. Testing in the sunflower field showed that the percentage of parasitism varied from. la 57.20- 64.28, control variant the percentage of parazitism varie from 10.45-20.47. (Td=2,5-4,8>1,96=To.o5).Item MONITORIZAREA CICLULUI ONTOGENETIC DE DEZVOLTARE A ENTOMOFAGULUI BRACON HEBETOR SAY. ȘI GAZDEI DE LABORATOR GALLERRIA MELLONELLA L.(CEP USM, 2024) Glibiciuc, Corina; Nastas, TudorThe aim of the current investigations was to monitor the ontogenetic development cycle of the entomophagous Bracon hebetor on the larvae of the laboratory host Galleria mellonella, multiplied on the standard nutrient medium. The entomophagous Bracon hebetorand the laboratory host Galleria mellonella served as test objects. For the laboratory host, the experiences were set up in 15 repetitions and for the entomophagous – in 5 repetitions. In the given article is to determine the development of an ontogenetic cycle of the entomophagous Bracon hebetor and the laboratory host Galllerria mellonella under controlled condition to optimize multiplication. Thus, is was experimentally demonstrated that under controlled conditions the laboratory host Gallerria mellonella has an ontogenetic development cycle equal to about 45 days, and the entomophagous Bracon hebetor – about 25 days.Item EFICIENȚA SUBSTANȚELOR BIOLOGIC ACTIVE CU PROPRIETĂȚI CAIROMONALE ASUPRA INDICILOR BIOLOGICI A ENTOMOFAGULUI TRICHOGRAMMA EVANESCENS WESTW(CEP USM, 2024) Gavriliţă, Lidia; Nastas, TudorThe research conducted during the years 2020-2023 has demonstrated that in the experimental variant (in the presence of biologically active substances), the prolificacy of Trichogramma evanescens females increased by approximately 1.4-1.5 times compared to the prolificacy of females in the control variant. As a result, there is a quantitative saving of Sitotroga cerealella eggs in the reproduction process by 20-25%, and of the elite entomophage Trichogramma spp. by about 15-20%. The searching capacity of the entomophageTrichogramma evanescens, as a result of the influence of biologically active substances with kairomonal properties, showed results approximately 1.6 times higher in the experimental variant than in the control, indicating that females in the control move more slowly. In the case of experiments conducted under field conditions, the action of kairomonal substances was confirmed to significantly increase the rate of parasitized eggs compared to the control variant (Td=2.5-4.8 > 1.96=T0.05). Biologically active substances play a crucial role in the biological protection of plants.Item IMPROVEMENT OF THE NEST DEVICES APPLICATION METHOD FOR WINTERING BENEFICIAL INSECTS IN BIOCENOSES(CEP USM, 2023) Gladcaia, Alla; Nastas, Tudor; Zavatin, MariaPests, distributed on the Republic of Moldova territory, annually, depending on climatic conditions, can cause significant damage to agricultural crops, amounting to about 25-30% of the expected yield. The purpose of our research was to evaluate the effectiveness of nesting devices, located in various biotopes, for wintering and attracting entomophages. The most significant potential biological plant protection agents, belong to the orders Neuroptera, Coleoptera, Hymenoptera (parasites and predators). The percentage of lacewing species was determined - the species Chrysopa carnea (86,4%) was dominant. The main factors, influencing the number of entomophages, attracted to wintering with the help of nesting devices, were established types of filler materials and location height.Item UTILIZAREA PROCEDEELOR DE SPORIRE A VITALITĂŢII ENTOMOFAGULUI TRICHOGRAMMA EVANESCENS W.(CEP USM, 2023) Gavrilița, Lidia; Nastas, TudorResearches have shown that the parasitisation percentage of Trichogramma evanescens in kairomone-treated variants is significantly higher than in the control and the comparison variant (alcohol 30%), because the biologically active substance serves as an entomophagous attractant. An important interest is the mode of examination of the interaction - phytophagous and entomophagous as the procedure which stimulates the Trichogramma to find its food sources. The entomophagous reacts to the host's chemicals, the so-called kairomones, which have high potential in regulating harmful insects. In order to carry out research on the behavior of the entomophagous Trichogramma evanescens W., the bean plants were treated with alcohol extract and eggs of cereal moth with kairomone (concentration of 30%), exposure of 5 min. In the variants treated with kairomone, where the action of the fractions extracted from the scales from the cereal moth was appreciated, on the search capacity of T. evanescens, its quality is higher than in the control.Item DINAMICA DE DEZVOLTARE ȘI DAUNELE PROVOCATE DE HELIOTHIS ARMIGERA HBN. LA CULTURA DE SOIA(CEP USM, 2023) Nemerenco, Olesea; Nastas, TudorIn this work, the results of the Heliothis armigera population development monitoring using the pheromone trap in the agroclimatic conditions of the Republic of Moldova are presented. It was found that the application of pheromone traps can serve as an effective methodological element in the systems of integrated protection of agricultural crops with the aim of monitoring of the seasonal development cycle of the Heliothis armigera and assessing the population density depending on the climatic conditions.Item MONITORIZAREA ÎN DINAMICĂ SEZONIERĂ A DEZVOLTĂRII POPULAȚIILOR DE NOCTUIDAE PRIN APLICAREA CAPCANELOR FEROMONALE(CEP USM, 2023) Nastas, Tudor; Rusu, Iuliana; Nemerenco, OleseaIt has been demonstrated that pheromonal traps applied to different agricultural crops can monitor the development of populations of fleas Mamestra brassicae, Heliothis armigera, Agrothis segetum, and inform about the population density, the number of generations and the peaks of activity in each generation. It was appreciated that the species with the most plastic biological potential to adapt to the changing environmental conditions is Heliothis armigera, which surpasses the Agrotis segetum species by about 10% after the competition activity in the case when both species live on one and the same agricultural lot.Item MONITORIZAREA DEZVOLTĂRII GAZDEI DE LABORATOR GALLERIA MELLONELLA L. PE DIFERITE MEDII NUTRITIVE(CEP USM, 2023) Glibiciuc, Corina; Nastas, Tudor; Zavatin, MariaIn the given article, the results of the optimization of the nutrient medium for the multiplication of the species Galleria mellonella L. as a laboratory host for the multiplication of the entomophagous Bracon hebetor Say are presented. At the same time, it was found that the females of the entomophagous Bracon hebetor can parasitize the larvae of Galleria mellonella starting from those of age III and up to age V, and the longevity of the larval parasitism period extends for about 8 days with a potential of about 2.4 larvae /24 hours.