2. Articole

Permanent URI for this collectionhttps://msuir.usm.md/handle/123456789/13419

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Author: search.filters.author.Gladcaia, Alla

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    Method of activating entomophages and pollinators hymenoptera order natural populations with the aim of increasing the agrosystem productivity [Articol]
    (Editura USM, 2025) Gladcaia, Alla; Chisincean, Lilia
    Insects provide important ecosystem services of great economic value. We investigated a method for activating of entomophages and pollinators of Hymenoptera order natural populations ("field breeding"), consisting of a combination (synergy) of overseeding spice plants and placing Fabre hives nearby the fruit garden. The objects of the study were entomophages and pollinators of the Hymenoptera order. The experiment was conducted in three different biotopes: an apple orchard near a forest belt, a collection of spice plants near a pear orchard, and a field of Miscanthus sinensis. The maximum number of Megachilidae bee nests were found in artificial dark-colored shelters: made of cylindrical dark plastic (70,8%), and deltoid dark cardboard (20,8%). The bees preferred to build nests in the agrocenosis of the pear orchard nearby a plot of spice plants (91,7%). It has been established that the optimal strategy for the method of entomophage’s activating consists of combining a variety of different family’s spicy plants and ensuring continuous flowering (conveyor).
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    Isodontia mexicana, a new invasive wasp species in the Republic of Moldova fauna [Articol]
    (CEP USM, 2024) Gladcaia, Alla
    A new invasive wasp species, Isodontia mexicana (Hymenoptera) was reared from artificial shelters in 2024 on the territory of the Institute of Genetics, Physiology and Plant Protection, Republic of Moldova. We analyzed the biology, the history of the species’ distribution in Europe and the possibility of its use in plant protection. I. mexicana species came from Central America to Europe during the Second World War and did not change its ecological niche in the invaded area. The presence of a relatively hairy mesosome and frequent visitation of many flowering plants by I. mexicana, likely defines it as a powerful new pollinator. As the population of I. mexicana grows, a more likely effect may be that the wasp controls crop pests from the Orthoptera order. In this case, artificial refuges should be used in a manner that maximizes the emergence of healthy adult offspring of I. mexicana in agricultural areas.
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    Identification and description of the invasive species Isodontia Mexicana
    (CEP USM, 2024) Gladcaia, Alla
    Din adăposturile artificiale, în anul 2024, pe teritoriul Institutului de Genetică, Fiziologie și Protecție a Plantelor, a fost obținută, identificată și descrisă pentru fauna din Republica Moldova o nouă specie invazivă de viespi (Sphecidae) - Isodontia mexicana. Viespile au fost găsite în biotopul cel mai apropiat de centura forestieră dintre cele 3 opțiuni, în zone umbrite. Astfel, implementarea schemelor de agromediu (AES) care conțin o combinație de adaposturi artificiale cu eterogenitatea peisajului este un factor important în creșterea abundenței viespilor vizuitoare, care sunt capabile să ofere servicii ecosistemice de mare valoare economică (polenizare și combatere a dăunătorilor).
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    IMPROVEMENT OF THE NEST DEVICES APPLICATION METHOD FOR WINTERING BENEFICIAL INSECTS IN BIOCENOSES
    (CEP USM, 2023) Gladcaia, Alla; Nastas, Tudor; Zavatin, Maria
    Pests, distributed on the Republic of Moldova territory, annually, depending on climatic conditions, can cause significant damage to agricultural crops, amounting to about 25-30% of the expected yield. The purpose of our research was to evaluate the effectiveness of nesting devices, located in various biotopes, for wintering and attracting entomophages. The most significant potential biological plant protection agents, belong to the orders Neuroptera, Coleoptera, Hymenoptera (parasites and predators). The percentage of lacewing species was determined - the species Chrysopa carnea (86,4%) was dominant. The main factors, influencing the number of entomophages, attracted to wintering with the help of nesting devices, were established types of filler materials and location height.