PARTICULARITĂȚI ALE NEOROMANTISMULUI FRANCEZ
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Date
2022
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CEP USM
Abstract
Neoromantismul francez a reprezentat un fenomen destul de
amorf. Manifestându-se în anii ’90 ai secolului al XX-lea, neoromantismul fran-
cez a ocupat o poziţie centristă între naturalism şi simbolism. Ori de câte ori a
fost adus în discuţie, neoromantismul francez a fost menţionat concomitent cu
„romantismul tîrziu” sau postromantismul francez. Acesta din urmă, însă, nu s-a
afirmat ca o epocă de tranziţie propriu-zisă, ci a marcat creaţia unor scriitori
realişti ca G. Flaubert (1821-1880), A. Daudet (1840-1897), A. France (1844-
1924), R. Rolland (1866-1944) şi a unor scriitori romantici ca V. Hugo (1802-1885), ajungînd la apogeu în creaţia lui J. A. Barbey d’Aurevilly (1808-1889) şi O. Villiers de l’Isle-Adam (1838-1889), ca, în cele din urmă, să cedeze poziţiile
neoromantismului. În comparaţie cu postromantismul francez, care a însemnat
doar o revigorare a principiilor romantice, neoromantismul francez a elaborat
un program cu principii clar formulate. Astfel, fascinaţia noului, atitudinea critică faţă de realitate, renunţarea la reguli şi canoane sunt înlocuite cu reînvierea
tradiţiilor artei din epocile trecute, cu protestul de natură etico-estetic împotriva
naturalismului şi a literaturii decadente, valorificarea unei problematici ce ţine
de patriotism, eroism, interesul pentru o personalitate extraordinară etc. Chiar
dacă prin afişarea principiilor formulate neoromantismul francez pierde din integritatea metodei romantice, moralismul şi didacticismul devin trăsăturile sale
definitori. E. Rostand (1868-1918) şi belgianul M. Maeterlinck (1862-1949) au
contribuit în mare măsură la dezvoltarea dramei neoromantice franceze, iar A.
Fournier (1886-1914) s-a înscris în contextul prozei neoromantice franceze prin
unicul său roman – Le Grand Meaulnes(„Cărarea pierdută”, 1913).
French Neoromanticism was a rather amorphous phenomenon. Manifesting itself in the 1990s, it took a central position between Naturalism and Symbolism. Whenever it was brought into discussion, French Neoromanticism was mentioned at the same time as “late Romanticism” or French Postromanticism. The latter, however, did not assert itself as an era of transition per se, but marked the creation of realistic writers such as G. Flaubert (1821-1880), A. Dau50det (1840-1897), A. France (1844- 1924), R. Rolland (1866-1944) and Romantic writers such as V. Hugo (1802-1885), reaching its peak in the work of J. A. Barbey d’Aurevilly (1808-1889) and O. Villiers de l’Isle -Adam (1838-1889), to finally give up the positions to Neoromanticism. Compared to French Postromanticism, which meant only a revival of Romantic principles, French Neoromanticism developed a program with clearly formulated principles. Thus, the fascination for the new, the critical attitude towards reality, the renunciation of rules and canons are replaced by the revival of art traditions from past eras, by the ethical-aesthetic protest against Naturalism and Decadent literature,the concern with patriotism, heroism, interest in an extraordinary personality, etc. Even if by displaying the formulated principles the French Neoromanticism loses the integrity of the romantic method,moralism and didacticism become its defining features. E. Rostand (1868-1918) and the Belgian M. Maeterlinck (1862-1949) contributed greatly to the develoent of French Neoromantic drama, while A. Fournier (1886-1914) distinguished himself in the context of French Neoromantic prose with his only novel - Le Grand Meaulnes, („The Lost Path”,1913
French Neoromanticism was a rather amorphous phenomenon. Manifesting itself in the 1990s, it took a central position between Naturalism and Symbolism. Whenever it was brought into discussion, French Neoromanticism was mentioned at the same time as “late Romanticism” or French Postromanticism. The latter, however, did not assert itself as an era of transition per se, but marked the creation of realistic writers such as G. Flaubert (1821-1880), A. Dau50det (1840-1897), A. France (1844- 1924), R. Rolland (1866-1944) and Romantic writers such as V. Hugo (1802-1885), reaching its peak in the work of J. A. Barbey d’Aurevilly (1808-1889) and O. Villiers de l’Isle -Adam (1838-1889), to finally give up the positions to Neoromanticism. Compared to French Postromanticism, which meant only a revival of Romantic principles, French Neoromanticism developed a program with clearly formulated principles. Thus, the fascination for the new, the critical attitude towards reality, the renunciation of rules and canons are replaced by the revival of art traditions from past eras, by the ethical-aesthetic protest against Naturalism and Decadent literature,the concern with patriotism, heroism, interest in an extraordinary personality, etc. Even if by displaying the formulated principles the French Neoromanticism loses the integrity of the romantic method,moralism and didacticism become its defining features. E. Rostand (1868-1918) and the Belgian M. Maeterlinck (1862-1949) contributed greatly to the develoent of French Neoromantic drama, while A. Fournier (1886-1914) distinguished himself in the context of French Neoromantic prose with his only novel - Le Grand Meaulnes, („The Lost Path”,1913
Description
Keywords
neoromantism, naturalism, simbolism, postromantism, transition era
Citation
CRECICOVSCHI, Ecaterina. Particularități ale neoromantismului francez. In: Rigoare exegetică și vocație pedagogică: conf. șt. nat. 17 martie 2022, Chişinău. CEP USM, 2022. pp. 49-60. ISBN 978-9975-62-481-7.