METODELE DE CERCETARE A MITULUI ÎN TRADIȚIA ȘCOLII FRANCEZE
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Date
2022-04-14
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CEP USM
Abstract
Cercetătorul Gilbert Durand face o incursiune în mentalitatea mitului, fiind ghidat de anumite criterii:
universalitate, structură și contextul sociologic. Aceste criterii ajută la perceperea arhetipului ca ceva viu, în
dinamica repetitivă, care coagulează ritualul și istoria. Atitudinea abordată din optica psihologică relevă
imaginile ce concentrează admirația și frica; iar randamentul socialului oferă o punte spre pedagogie. Din
lucrările sale deducem că metodologic arhetipologia are drept scop sondarea mitului într-un mod complex și
unitar, care percepe conexiuni cu alte culturi, în felul acesta apare omogenitatea unei mari culturi – cea a
omenirii. Mitul în viziunea lui C. Lévi-Strauss este un măr al discordiei, ce derivă din variate valențe de
înțelegere. Charles Mauron analizează dinamica mitului, ținând cont de analogiile raționale și de cele din
lumea fantasmelor. Cercetătorii Pierre Brunel, Claude Pichois, André-Michel Rousseau stipulează o anumită
ordine cu privire la coordonatele interpretării dihotomiei mit-literatură. La Pierre Albouy mitul derivă din
domeniul religios și ritualic, ce reconstruiește perspectiva ontologică. Această viziune este cooptată și de
André Dabezies care precizează că selecția simbolică în mitul literar depinde de situațiile dintr-o colectivitate
sau alta. Respectiv mitul literar servește ca un retrovizor social.
The researcher Gilbert Durand gained an insight into the mentality of myth, being guided by certain criteria: universality, structure and sociological context. These criteria help to perceive the archetype as something alive, in repetitive dynamics, which coagulates ritual and history. This attitude, guided by a psychological approach, reveals images that bring together both admiration and fear, while social performance provides a bridge to teaching. From his works we conclude that, methodologically, the archetypology aims to probe myth in a complex and unitary way, while perceiving connections with other cultures; it is in this way that emergence of a great cultural homogeneity is propelled, as a culture of humanity. The myth in the view of C. Levi-Strauss is an apple of discord, which derives from various valences of understanding. Charles Mauron analyzes the dynamics of myth, taking into account rational analogies and those of a fantasy world. Researchers Pierre Brunel, Claude Pichois, André-Michel Rousseau promote a certain order in respect to interpretation coordinates of the myth-literature dichotomy. In Pierre Albouy, myth derives from the religious and ritual area, which reconstructs the ontological perspective. This view is also maintained by André Dabezies, who states that symbolic selection in literary myth depends on the situation in one community or another. Thus, literary myth serves as a social mirror.
The researcher Gilbert Durand gained an insight into the mentality of myth, being guided by certain criteria: universality, structure and sociological context. These criteria help to perceive the archetype as something alive, in repetitive dynamics, which coagulates ritual and history. This attitude, guided by a psychological approach, reveals images that bring together both admiration and fear, while social performance provides a bridge to teaching. From his works we conclude that, methodologically, the archetypology aims to probe myth in a complex and unitary way, while perceiving connections with other cultures; it is in this way that emergence of a great cultural homogeneity is propelled, as a culture of humanity. The myth in the view of C. Levi-Strauss is an apple of discord, which derives from various valences of understanding. Charles Mauron analyzes the dynamics of myth, taking into account rational analogies and those of a fantasy world. Researchers Pierre Brunel, Claude Pichois, André-Michel Rousseau promote a certain order in respect to interpretation coordinates of the myth-literature dichotomy. In Pierre Albouy, myth derives from the religious and ritual area, which reconstructs the ontological perspective. This view is also maintained by André Dabezies, who states that symbolic selection in literary myth depends on the situation in one community or another. Thus, literary myth serves as a social mirror.
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Keywords
mit, mit literar, metodă, școala franceză, interpretare, cercetare, myth, literary myth, French school, interpretation, research
Citation
FONARI, Victoria. Metodele școlii franceze de cercetare a mitului. În: Traducerea – act creativ: între știință și artă : in honorem Ludmila ZBANȚ, profesor universitar, doctor habilitat cu ocazia aniversării a 65-a de la naștere: colocviu științifico-practic. Ediția I, 14 aprilie 2022, Chișinău. CEP USM, 2022,pp.60-65.ISBN 978-9975-159-37-1