OUTILS RHÉTORIQUES DU POLITIQUEMENT CORRECT
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Abstract
Locuţiunea franceză Politiquement Correct, calc din engleză Politically Correct
desemnează un fenomen sociopolitic care se manifestă prin atenuarea excesivă a unor formulări lingvistice. Expresia franceză se aseamănă cu cea americană având în comun denumirea şi fundamentarea ideologică, dreptul la egalitate, dar în versiunea franceză se pune accentul pe reformularea lingvistică. Detaşată de contextul social şi politic american, expresia Politiquement Correcterijează la nivel de dogmă prudenţa excesivă, arta vorbirii „corecte”,însă ambele supuse unui control social al limbajului.
Fenomenul vizat pretinde a fi un instrument de vigilenţă pentru a u
tiliza o expresie sau un cuvânt, a elimina din limbaj termenii non „respectuoşi”
şi a le găsi echivalenţe potrivite. Fidel ideologiei sale de limbaj salvator,
Politiquement Correct recurge la instrumente lingvistice şi retorice modelândule în serviciul bunei cuviinţe şi jonglează cu diferite procedee sintacticosemantice. Prin intermediul parafrazei în calitate de reformulare, fenomenul în cauză îşi capătă
legitimitate, mai apoi apare discursul emfatic care îi vine în ajutor: litota, eufemismul, perifraza, metonimia, sinecdoca, oximoronul etc.
The French phrase Politiquement Correct, the English calque Politically Correct denotes a sociopolitical phenomenon that is manifested by the excessive mitigation of linguistic formulations. The French phrase resembles that of the American one, with the common name and ideological foundation, the right to equality, but the French version emphasizes linguistic reformulation. Detached from the American social and political context, the expression Politiquement Correct elevates excessive caution to a dogma level, the art of “correct” speech, but both subjected to social control of language. The targeted phenomenon pretends to be a tool of vigilance to use an expression or a word, to remove non-respectable terms from language and to find them the right equivalences. True to its ideology language having a positive effect, Politiquement Correct employs linguistic and rhetorical tools b y modeling them in the service of goodwill and juggles with different syntactic and semantic methods. Through paraphrasis as reformulation, the phenomenon becomes legitimate, then the emphatic discourse helps: litota, euphemism, perifraza, metonymy, synecdoca, oximoron etc.
The French phrase Politiquement Correct, the English calque Politically Correct denotes a sociopolitical phenomenon that is manifested by the excessive mitigation of linguistic formulations. The French phrase resembles that of the American one, with the common name and ideological foundation, the right to equality, but the French version emphasizes linguistic reformulation. Detached from the American social and political context, the expression Politiquement Correct elevates excessive caution to a dogma level, the art of “correct” speech, but both subjected to social control of language. The targeted phenomenon pretends to be a tool of vigilance to use an expression or a word, to remove non-respectable terms from language and to find them the right equivalences. True to its ideology language having a positive effect, Politiquement Correct employs linguistic and rhetorical tools b y modeling them in the service of goodwill and juggles with different syntactic and semantic methods. Through paraphrasis as reformulation, the phenomenon becomes legitimate, then the emphatic discourse helps: litota, euphemism, perifraza, metonymy, synecdoca, oximoron etc.
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COTLĂU, Maria (2019). Outils rhétoriques du politiquement correct. In: Studia Universitatis Moldaviae. Seria Științe umistice: Istorie. Filosofie. Filologie. Revistă științifică, nr. 10 (130), pp. 21 - 29. ISSN 1811-2668