Institutul de Cercetări Juridice, Politice şi Sociologie (ICIPS)
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Item Formarea, extinderea și consolidarea spaţiului comunitar european (1957-2013) [Articol](CEP USM, 2025) Diacon, Maria; Juc, VictorExtinderea Uniunii Europene a dominat constant politica europeană, cel mai important aspect fiind cel al aplicării principiului potrivit căruia toate statele candidate pornesc de pe aceiaşi linie de plecare şi în aceleaşi condiţii de egalitate. Dar este bine cunoscut că relaţiile economice şi politice ale acestor ţări sunt diferite, de aceea, Uniunea Europeană se confruntă cu dificultăţi instituţionale, politice şi financiare. Acesta constituie motivul pentru care ţările candidate depun eforturi enorme pentru integrarea lor în spaţiul comunitar,dar şi autorităţile europene înţeleg că trebuie să facă faţă unor provocări fără precedent cum ar fi: o piaţă extinsă pentru consumatori, migraţia forţei de muncă, armonizarea discrepanţelor în domenii foarte sensibile precum agricultura, mediul, concurenţa, afacerile interne, justiţia sau reforma industrială, domenii care formează obiectul politicilor comunitare. În acelaşi timp, satele candidate au reuşit să realizeze momentul aderării în funcţie de îndeplinirea criteriilor politice şi economice, de transpunerea aquis-ului comunitar în legislaţiile naţionale şi aplicarea efectivă a acestuia.Item Measures to reduce the negative effects induced by increase in gas prices in the European Union [Articol](CEP USM, 2025) Bulearcă, MariusExposing the EU to volatile energy market prices is perceived as the highest risk for the future before the transition to renewable energy brings the desired market stability. Until then, governments must produce viable alternatives, like lowering tax rates and surcharges on energy bills, which sometimes may account for half of the final price. Other alternatives may comprise social schemes to secure not-protected households and small companies, to diminish energy poverty, and to hinder the population from being disconnected from the electricity supply. Governments can also offer direct cash injections, as France has done, to provide urgent support to families striving to pay their bills. But this tool may rapidly exceed the allocated amounts as prices keep increasing, as expected. In this sense, the article presents a set of measures adopted both at the EU level and by some member states to reduce dependence on natural gas imports from Russia and to lower gas (and electricity) bills. Finally, the article extensively examines the measures to reduce the negative effects induced by the increase in gas prices in Romania. The further implementation of this strategy must allow Romania to use its high potential,compared to other European countries, to become energy independent.Item Cadrul şi mecanismele de implicare a ţărilor terţe în politica de securitate şi apărare UE [Articol](2025) Beniuc, LilianaThe origins of the European Union’s security and defense framework trace back to the late 1940s and early 1950s with the initiation of various European cooperation projects. Over the decades, this framework evolved, incorporating the European Political Cooperation and culminating in the Common Foreign and Security Policy (CFSP) established by the Maastricht Treaty in 1992. The operationalization of the European Security and Defense Policy (ESDP) in the late 1990s marked a significant development, further solidified by the Lisbon Treaty in 2009, which rebranded ESDP as the Common Security and Defense Policy (CSDP). Third-country involvement in EU security and defense has become crucial, providing diverse capabilities and political support. This article examines the mechanisms and frameworks that facilitate third-country participation in EU missions, highlighting the mutual benefits and strategic importance of these partnerships in enhancing both EU and global security.Item Armonizarea legislației anticorupționale ale republicii moldova la standardele europene – element cheie întru asigurarea securității naționale(Editura USM, 2024) Guștiuc, LudmilaThe harmonization of anti-corruption legislation to European standards is a multidimentional process, involving several legal aspects. These aspects reflect the complexity of the harmonization process to the European Union standards and underline theneed for a sustained and coordinated effort both at the national and at the European level. The harmonization of anti-corruption legislation is crucial for ensuringt national security, as it con-tributes to the stability and integrity of public institutions, ensures efficient management of resources, protects infrastructure and promotes a stable and secure economic and social environment.Item Ultra vires și depășirea competențelor curții de justiție a Uniunii Europene în lumina spețelor Junk vs. Kühnel și Mangol vs. Helm(Editura USM, 2024) Poalelungi, MihaiThe subject of the scientific research are the ultra vires acts of the Court of Justice of the European Union analyzed from the perspective of the Republic of Moldova in connection with its submission of the application for accession to the European Union. National legal preparation tends to maintain a vigilance both in temporal and in the light of jurisdictional actuality. Thus, the confrontations of the Court of Justice of the European Union with that of the Constitutional Court of the Federal Republic of Germany, whose magistrates are considered modern titans of European courts, are analyzed. The presentation of the reasoning in concreto serves to raise legal awareness in the Republic of Moldova both for national legal education as well as for national courts. Ultra vires acts are not a novum. However, it is a rarity and can be analyzed deeper in a multi-layered system of law, such as that of the European Union. This research provides the national jurisprudence with a legal "memorandum".Item Calitatea actului de justiție în Republica Moldova în contextul integrării europene: percepții, atitudini, opinii(Editura USM, 2024) Mîndru, ValeriuIn the article author analyzes various aspects of the functioning of the justice system in the Republic of Moldova through the perception of the representatives of legal institutions, as well as of the population in the context of the accession to the community space, the integration into the European Union. The article pays particular attention to the quality of the judicial act, the level of trust of citizens in the courts. The wide-scale use of the results of various sociological investigations allows the author to make a comparative and dynamic analysis of the situation in the field, to reveal the problems faced by the judiciary in the Republic of Moldova in the process of reforming it.Item Формирование политического климата в Республике Молдова накануне референдума по вопросу о евроинтеграции(Editura USM, 2024) Брага, ЛилияThe article deals with the problem of the Republic of Moldova political climate on the eve of the European integration referendum. The author believes that the political climate is one of the most important factors in strengthening the pro-European aspirations of the Republic of Moldova society. In this regard, the formation of a pro-European political climate is one of the primary tasks of the authorities at the present stage. The solution of this problem is based on a predominant appeal to the emotional and psychological mechanisms of perceiving the idea of European integration: the formation of euphoria sense due to inflated expectations of changes for the better due to joining the European family; the escalation of negativism and confrontation vis-a-vis to a possible alternative course of the country's development. The formation of a favorable political climate is intended not only to strengthen the pro-European aspirations of society, but also to give the author-ities a new credit of trust.