2. Articole
Permanent URI for this collectionhttps://msuir.usm.md/handle/123456789/109
Browse
17 results
Search Results
Item Trăsăturile esenţiale ale contravenţiei.(CEP USM, 2024-11-07) Pantea, OlegPrezenta lucrare reprezintă o nouă incursiune în cercetarea contravenției ca element fundamental al răspunderii contravenționale, în care sunt argumentate motivele alegerii temei respective, gradul de actualitate și importanța acesteia, evocând gradul de investigație a temei, precum și semnificația teoretică a lucrării și valoarea sa aplicativă. Au fost analizate trăsăturile esențiale ale contravenției prin prisma naturii juridice a contravenției, a legii contravenționale, cât și părerile doctrinarilor din țară și de peste hotare, nu în ultimul rând a fost dezvoltat locul și rolul la momentul actual al dreptului contravențional în sistemul de drept al Republicii Moldova.Item Încălcarea de către conducătorii de vehicule a regulilor de circulaţie rutieră prin comportament agresiv(CEP USM, 2024) Gînco-Fodor, DanielaAggressive traffic behavior significantly increases the risk of road accidents. Sudden maneuvers, dangerous overtaking and aggressive pursuit can lead to collisions with serious consequences. Aggressive leaders endanger not only themselves, but also those around them. Constant stress can have an impact on the physical and mental health of all road users. According to traffic laws in various countries, aggressive behavior in traffic is punishable by legal penalties such as fines, suspension of driving license and even imprisonment in serious cases. To combat aggressiveness in traffic, it is essential to promote road education and responsible driving behavior. Awareness courses and awareness campaigns can help change the mindset of drivers. The preventive approach is essential to reduce aggressive behavior in traffic. Preventive measures such as the creation of road infrastructure, the promotion of mutual respect in traffic and appropriate sanctions can help reduce incidents of aggression.Item Mecanisme de asigurare ale drepturilor şi libertăţilor omului în procesul contravenţional(CEP USM, 2024) Erhan, IanușThe contravention process represents the activity carried out by the competent authority, with the participation of the parties and other persons holding rights and obligations, with the aim of establishing the contravention, examining and solving the contravention cause, ascertaining the causes and conditions that contributed to the commission of the contravention. Even if the Code of Contravention in art. 374 establishes that the contravention process is carried out on general principles of contravention law, it also mentions the Constitution, the Code of Criminal Procedure in the cases expressly provided for by this code, as well as the norms of international law and international treaties regarding the fundamental rights and freedoms of to the human to which the Republic of Moldova is a dedicated party, the European Convention on Human Rights. The regulations provided by the European Convention, as well as the judgments issued by the European Court have a legal force superior to the internal norms that make up the national legal systems. The judgments of the European court do not only have the authority of a res judicata, but also the authority of an interpreted matter, at the same time, the Court examines referrals regarding contraventions through the lens of the rules regarding criminal acts. During the contravention process, the perpetrator, as well as other participants, have certain rights and freedoms that are guaranteed by the legislation and ensured by the authorities with powers to ascertain and examine the contravention cases, respectively, the finding agent, the prosecutor, the court. On the other hand, the participants in the contravention process, in particular, the perpetrator, must be aware that their rights may be limited, as well as the fact that they also have certain obligations. For their part, the competent authorities should ensure that their employees with the status of finding agents understand and know the mechanism for ensuring human rights and freedoms in the contravention process.Item Expulzarea în dreptul contravențional – atentare asupra drepturilor și libertăților fundamentale ale omului sau o protejare a acestora?(Print-Caro, 2023-03-15) Crainic, AdrianThis communication reveals the nature and character of the expulsion in the Contravention Law, which is related to the efficient analysis of these security measures in the sense of respecting the Fundamental Human Rights and Freedoms. In the content of the paper will be reviewed: the general peculiarity of the legal institution of expulsion to be present in general in the normative-legal field, referring specifically to which branches of persistent law; the analysis of the expulsion in the Contravention Law by virtue of the contravention legal norms; evidence of the frequency of this security measure applicable in the territory of our country; proposals for lex ferenda; appreciation of the legal effect of these institutions in relation to the nature of fundamental human rights and freedoms.Item Particularitățile aplicării confiscării în dreptul contravențional(Tipografia Artpoligraf, 2019) Slusarenco, SvetlanaIn a rule of law, the exercise of the rights and freedoms of a person must be respected and guaranteed by the State. For committing contraventions the state body is competent to establish the punishment and to apply the sanction of contravention. A topic that generates multiple question marks concerns special confiscation in contraventional law. According to the amendments to the Code of Contravention of RM, the special confiscation can be applied even if the perpetrator is released from contraventional liability.Item LEGAL CHARACTERISTICS OF THE CONTRAVENTION ARREST IN THE REPUBLIC OF MOLDOVA(2019) Pantea, OlegThe material published contains information about the application of the contravention sanctions by the court - the arrest, as an exceptional punishment. The proposed study reveals the definition, particularities and conditions of the arrest application in terms of the principle of freedom, expressed both in national and international norms. At the same time, the cases and categories of persons are highlighted to whom the contravention arrest cannot be applied, as well as the exception of unconstitutionality for some causes. An important part of the work is the procedure and the conditions set by the legislator for the execution of the arrest sanction, as well as the national statistics on the number of the contraveners for whom the arrest was applied.Item CONTRAVENTIONAL LIABILITY VS. ADMINISTRATIVE-CONTRAVENTIONAL LIABILITY–SYNTHETIC AND INTERACTION APPROACHES(2023) Pantea, Oleg; Panchiv, OleseaThis study contains a detailed analysis of the contraventional liability as a form of legal liability, including the use of the attribute „administrative” for the contraventional liability as a social-legal phenomenon. The material reveals the conceptions of the authors in the field of law and our separate opinion regarding the aspects of the contraventional liability and the relevance of the use of the terminological construction „administrative-contraventional liability”. Therefore, we analyzed the legal framework and the practice of the Republic of Moldova and other states, starting our research from the hypothesis that the contraventional liability is a distinct form of legal liability that occurs when an illegal act (contravention) has been committed, violating the rules of the contraventional law, for which contraventional sanctions are applied by the competent authorities, through a legally established procedure.Item THE SPECIFIC OF "CONTRAVENTION FINES" IN THE LEGAL REGULATION OF THE LEGISLATION OF THE REPUBLIC OF MOLDOVA AND ROMANIA - ELEMENTS OF COMPARATIVE LAW(2020) Pantea, OlegThe published material reveals clear information about the application by the empowered body of the state of the contravention sanction - the fine, as a pecuniary punishment, approached through the legislation of the Republic of Moldova and Romania - comparative aspect. The proposed study highlights the particularities and conditions of the application of the contravention fine, considering the degree of social danger regarding the committed action, the circumstances of the commission of the action and the personal circumstances of the contravener. At the same time, were approached the exceptions of unconstitutionality in both states regarding contravention provisions. An important section of the study was dedicated to the effects concerning the failure to pay the fine.Item ASPECTE ESENȚIALE DE DREPT COMPARAT PRIVIND „CONSTATAREA CONTRAVENȚIILOR” ÎN LEGISLAȚIA REPUBLICII MOLDOVA ȘI ROMÂNIEI(2019) Pantea, OlegConstatarea contravențiilor reprezintă o primă fază a procesului contravențional în care organele împuternicite ale statului colectează și administrează probe și încheie procese-verbale. În general, lucrarea reprezintă o analiză și o reunire într-un tot unitar a trăsăturilor caracteristice constatării contravențiilor în legislația Republicii Moldova și legislația României, cu aspecte de drept comparat. Astfel, au fost analizate principalele acte normative care reglementează procesul de constatare a contravențiilor, Codul contravențional al Republicii Moldova și Ordonanța Guvernului României nr.2 din 12.06.2001 privind regimul juridic al contravențiilor. Totodată, lucrarea oglindește unele configurații teoretico-practice privind încheierea procesuluiverbal de constatare a contravențiilor, reflectând în detaliu elementele lui obligatorii, mențiunile de conținut.Item DESPRE INSTITUŢIA PROBAŢIUNII ÎN DREPTUL CONTRAVENŢIONAL(Editura ULIM, 2018-10-16) Pantea, OlegÎn această publicaţie au fost analizate aspectele teoretico-practice privind constatarea faptelor contravenţionale de organele de probaţiune şi intervenţia socio-pedagogică a acestei instituţii în procesul de executare a unor pedepse contravenţionale. Lucrarea este caracterizată printr-o combinaţie din stabilirea faptelor şi supravegherea/ asistenţa contravientului. Un compartiment aparte a fost dedicat caracteristicii juridice a contravenţiilor constatate de probaţiune prin prisma elementelor constitutive contravenţionale. Elaborarea acestui material s-a dorit a fi de utilitate atât pentru viitorii jurişti, cât şi pentru alte persoane interesate.