2. Articole
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Item SINDICATELE – ORGAN REPREZENTATIV AL SALARIAŢILOR(2004) Romandaș, NicolaeItem DREPTUL LA NUME AL AUTORULUI OPERELOR DE ARTĂ, LITERATURĂ SAU ŞTIINŢĂ(2005) Chiroșca, DorianAuthor of the present article illustrates under the different aspects the important matters of the name right. The name right, as well as the paternity right, become evident simultaneously with creation of the work, however in contrast to the paternity right, the name right is realized simultaneously with publishing of the work. This becomes clear by the fact that up to the publication the work is not accessible to the public. According to the art. 9 of the Law on author right and relative rights of the Republic of Moldova, the author acquires the name right, that is the right to decide in what form shall appear his name in the procedure of evaluation of the work (with the proper name, pseudonym or anonym).Item DREPTUL DE DIVULGARE A OPEREI(2005) Chiroșca, DorianThe right on disclosing a work, authorization provided by the Law on copyright and related rights, that gives to the author of the artistic, literary and scientific work an ability to decide the fact that the work will be laid open or not to public inspection, represents a proposal of the ferenda law and is a new term for the legislation of the Republic of Moldova, where is stipulated just a fact that the author benefits by the right to publish his work or to permit (interdict) the publication thereof in any mode, including the right of withdrawal thereof. The author of the present article carries out legal investigations, conclusions and proposals on the main aspects of the matter in question.Item APĂRAREA DREPTULUI DE AUTOR ȘI A DREPTURILOR CONEXE ÎN REPUBLICA MOLDOVA(2005) Chiroșca, DorianEnsuring the protection of the author and related rights represents an important factor for keeping the national heritage, being an essential element of the development of a country. Equally with the administrative responsibility for the author and related rights infringement, the criminal responsibility constitutes an efficient method for the piracy control that is confirmed by the practice of other states, but in accordance with harmonization of the legislation of the Republic of Moldova with the international one, this method is successfully used in our country.Item РАССМОТРЕНИЕ СПОРОВ ЕВРОПЕЙСКИМ СУДОМ ПО ПРАВАМ ЧЕЛОВЕКА(2006) Сосна, АлександрNecessity of international legal protection of human rights has led to formation of the European court under human rights. Analyzing activity of the European court under human rights it is possible to draw a conclusion that the given activity not always positively influences development of the legislation of the European countries.Item ASPECTE TEORETICO-LEGISLATIVE ŞI SOCIALE PRIVIND RAPORTUL DINTRE DEVIANŢĂ ŞI SANCŢIONARE (ÎN CONTEXTUL LEGII NR.713-XV)(2006) Rusandu, Ion; Dascălu, Mihai; Negru, BorisIn this article, legal and social problems concerning the relation between deviance and sanction are analyzed within the 712-XVth law. A particular attention has been given to problems regarding the offence and its social and ethical consequences. Thesis and other sights are being addressed from the point of view of human rights respect in the context of European integration.Item ARMONIZAREA LEGISLAŢIEI NAŢIONALE PRIVIND SECURITATEA ŞI SĂNĂTATEA ÎN ACTIVITATEA DE MUNCĂ A TINERILOR SALARIAŢI(2006) Romandaș, NicolaeThe anticle deals with an analysis of steps undertacer by Romania in the last period on the way to harmonize the national legislation with the community one in the fied of security and labour health, focusing on youths as a vulnerable category of wage-earners from the point of security and labour health.Item Unele aspecte ale conflictelor de jurisdicţii analiyate prin prisma dreptului internaţional privat al Republicii Moldova(2006) Babără, ValeriuThe topic of this article is devoted to some aspects of the jurisdictional conflicts analysed in reference to the international private law of Republic of Moldova. The problems are examinated as it follows: Initially are maid some exploratory notes regarding to the jurisdictional conflicts; afterwards is analysed the interdependence between the conflicts of law and the jurisdictional conflicts; another problem is devoted to the disputed issues regarding judicial report of the international private law and the conditions of the foreigner in the law suits of the international private law; the last part is devoted to the distinctions between competence in the international private law and that of the internal law is done and also to the norms that determine the competence in international private law.Item L'exequatur des decisions judiciares etrangeres(2006) Cojocaru, VioletaȘtim că recunoașterea unei hotărâri judecătorești străine înseamnă admiterea autorității de lucru judecat puterii probante de act autentic, care fac opozabilă hotărârea față de terțe persoane, dar nu se admite și forța executorie a hotărârii judecătorești străine. Ea se dobândește în stat și produce alte efecte întocmai ca și o hotărâre a instanțelor proprii numai în cazul când se obține exequatur-ul pentru această hotărâre pe teritoriul statului în care se cere executarea ei.Exequatur este termen împrumutat din limba latină, care semnificã: a exercita .... a urmãri în justiție.Presupune un ordin emanând de la o autoritate dintr-un Stat care are drept obiectiv de a incorpora în ordinea juridică statală pe care o reprezintă un element exterior acesteia .În dreptul internațional privat: decizie prin care un tribunal de mare instanță (deliberând un singur judecător) conferă forță executorie unei sentințe arbitrale străine sau autorizează executarea unei hotărâri sau a unui act străin.Item Reglementarea uniformă a conflictelor de legi în domeniul contractelor internaționale(2006) Guțu, Sergiu; Cojocaru, VioletaItem Recunoaşterea şi executarea sentinţelor arbitrale străine în sistemul convenţiei de la New York(2006) Gribincea, LiliaItem Reglementări în materia neexecutării contractelor de comerţ internaţional(2006) Băieșu, AurelViena Convention on the International Sale of Goods of 11 April 1980 (CISG) is one of the most important international conventions serving as an efficient instrument for the harmonization of the international trade. Others two great projects for the harmonization of the contract law were elaborated in the course of the last years: UNIDROIT principles regarding the international commercial contracts and Principles of the European Contract Law worked out by the Commission for European Contract Law. The common objectives of the instruments subject to consideration are the following: to offer a source of inspiration to national and international lawmakers; to facilitate the international trade; to serve as a modern formulation of lex mercatoria for judges and arbitrators in case of settlement of litigations arising in the international trade; to offer the parties a species of neuter autonomous law that they can adopt as a law to govern their agreement lex contractus. In the present article we have analyzed the specific features of the concept of breach of the contract and of the system of remedies provided in the instruments under consideration meant to ensure the uniformity of the law.Item Imunitatea de jurisdicţie a statelor în procesele de drept internaţional privat(2006) Babără, Valeriu; Osmochescu, NicolaeIn this article, the author treats the issue of jurisdictional immunity of the states in law suits of the international private law, including the settlements that the article 457 from the Code of Civil Procedure of Republic of Moldova contents. Also are analised the two conception that ground the problem of the immunity of the state and his goods the absolute immunity and the functional immunity.Item Poziţia statelor neutre în procesul de Integrare Europeană în materie de securitate(2006) Dorul, OlgaLes termes „intégration” et sécurité” ont été revendiqués par plusieurs universitaires et praticiens. Pour que l’éternel débat sur la sécurité européenne, où intégration signifiait seulement coopération internationale, laisse la place à celui sur l’intégration politique de l’Europe, il faut donc que convergent des courants de pensée différents depuis toujours. Les problèmes posés par les pays neutres ne résident pas tant dans l’adhésion de ces derniers à l’idée de coopération structurée mais plutôt dans la possibilité d’appliquer la clause d’assistance mutuelle, qui implique que tous les pays européens fournissent une participation militaire, dès lors que l’un d’entre eux est agressé.Item APARIŢIA, DEZVOLTAREA ŞI DEFINIREA CONSTITUŢIONALISMULUI CONTEMPORAN DIN REPUBLICA MOLDOVA(2007) Cârnaț, TeodorThe notion of constitutionalism represents an exertion of the acts of all state and non-state institutions according to basic human rights within the conditions of equality in rights, legal security, effective protection of rights, and separation of state powers and exclusion of all forms of discrimination. Therefore, the main gaps of contemporary constitutionalism of Republic of Moldova seem to be the poor training of legal conscience, the important difference between legal constitutional theory and practice of realization of constitutional ideas in legal norms. At the same time, constitutionalism is a social phenomenon in continuous evolution, which should be studied according to specific features of historical evolution of each nation. The present stage of the constitutionalism in Republic of Moldova has begun with the adoption of some acts of historical importance on sovereignty, independence, power and, not in the least, the Constitution of Republic of Moldova of the 29th of July 1994.Item CUMULATIVE SMUGGLING AND CUSTOMS EVASION UNDER THE CRIMINAL LEGISLATION OF THE REPUBLIC OF MOLDOVA(2007) Maimescu, Sava; Buza, NicolaeÎn prezentul articol sunt expuse doar careva viziuni teoretico-practice ce ţin de calificarea infracţiunilor de bază din cadrul activităţii vamale a Republicii Moldova ce au diferit obiect generic de atentare: contrabanda, cu obiectul generic - trecerea peste frontiera vamală a Republicii Moldova a mărfurilor, încărcăturilor, obiectelor, valorilor, a unităţilor şi mijloacelor de transport, a mijloacelor băneşti şi valorilor valutare, şi respectiv eschivarea de la achitarea plăţilor vamale cu obiectul generic de atentare mecanismul juridic de încasare a plăţilor şi taxelor vamale pentru a fi admise la trecerea peste frontiera vamală mărfurile, încărcăturile, obiectele, unităţile şi mijloacele de transport.Item RĂSPUNDEREA LOCATARULUI ÎN CADRUL CONTRACTULUI DE LEASING(2007) Volcinschi, Victor; Martin, CristinaThis Article provides for an analysis of the liability of the lessee within a leasing contract. The scope of analysis is determined by the fact that on most occasions the lessee is the counterparty which breaches its contractual obligations. Further to our analysis of the national legal provision as well as foreign laws, doctrine on grounds for liability of a lessee within a leasing contract, we can note that the legislation of the Republic of Moldova on leasing provides for a detailed and to a great extent unambiguous regulation of the respective relations between the parties. Thus, the law sets general rules such as rescission of a contract as a result of essential breach of contract and special rules such as risk of fortuitous loss borne by the lessee.Item CONŢINUTUL DREPTULUI LA REPRODUCEREA OPEREI(2007) Chiroșca, DorianLe présent article représente une épreuve de l’auteur d’effectuer une analyse du droit subjectif de l’auteur sur la reproduction de l’oeuvre d’esprit, de littérature ou de science. Dans ce contexte, l’auteur fait une analyse comparative des éléments du contenu du droit sur la réproduction de l’oeuvre prévus par la législation nationale et des ceux prévus dans la législation de la Roumanie et d’autres états. Aussi sont annalisées les previsions des directives européennes vis-à-vis de ce chapitre et dans ce contexte sont effectués des propositions de la loi ferenda.Item ASPECTE ALE PREVENIRII ŞI COMBATERII DISCRIMINĂRII PERSOANELOR SOCIALMENTE VULNERABILE(2007) Cârnaț, TeodorProvision aspects in combating discrimination of socially vulnerable persons. Social integration is a complete part of social development, where equality of opportunity is an essential issue. Nowadays, it is widely needed to pay special attention to social integration in order to achieve a society for all requires: a people-centered approach to development, coherence between principles and practice, and effective social policies to ensure the rights and opportunities in society of various population groups, especially disadvantaged and vulnerable groups, and in such areas as education, employment, social protection and social service provision. The principle of equality is crucial to Republic of Moldova and requires more effective social policies and legal instruments to protect vulnerable groups from discrimination and to ensure their rights and opportunities in the society.Item „RECHTSSTAAT” SAU DOCTRINA GERMANĂ A STATULUI DE DREPT(2007) Arseni, Alexandru; Popescu, RodicaL’État de droit, comme théorie juridico-philosophique c’est une de plus importantes réalisationes de la civilisation humaine qui est devenu la finalité de toutes les sociétés modernes. L’élaboration de la doctrine de l’État de droit ainsi que des autres doctrines juridiques et philosophiques a été détérminé par l’évolution social-économique, politique et culturel des peuples. Certes c’est le fait que l’élaboration de la doctrine de l’État de droit date le fin du XIX-ème siècle et le commencement du XX-ème siècle exprimé dans plusieurs variantes dans la doctrine allemagne, française, anglo-saxonne,etc. La doctrine du „Rechtsstaat”, est une construction inhérente à la science juridique allemagne et dans le présent article on tache de suivre le cursus de son formation et réalisation en Allemagne.