2. Articole
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Item Sindicatele – organ reprezentativ al salariaţilor [Articol](2004) Romandaș, NicolaeItem Apărarea dreptului de autor şi a drepturilor conexe în Republica Moldova [Articol](2005) Chiroșca, DorianEnsuring the protection of the author and related rights represents an important factor for keeping the national heritage, being an essential element of the development of a country. Equally with the administrative responsibility for the author and related rights infringement, the criminal responsibility constitutes an efficient method for the piracy control that is confirmed by the practice of other states, but in accordance with harmonization of the legislation of the Republic of Moldova with the international one, this method is successfully used in our country.Item Dreptul de divulgare a operei [Articol](2005) Chiroșca, DorianThe right on disclosing a work, authorization provided by the Law on copyright and related rights, that gives to the author of the artistic, literary and scientific work an ability to decide the fact that the work will be laid open or not to public inspection, represents a proposal of the ferenda law and is a new term for the legislation of the Republic of Moldova, where is stipulated just a fact that the author benefits by the right to publish his work or to permit (interdict) the publication thereof in any mode, including the right of withdrawal thereof. The author of the present article carries out legal investigations, conclusions and proposals on the main aspects of the matter in question.Item Dreptul la nume al autorului operelor de artă, literatură sau ştiinţă [Articol](2005) Chiroșca, DorianAuthor of the present article illustrates under the different aspects the important matters of the name right. The name right, as well as the paternity right, become evident simultaneously with creation of the work, however in contrast to the paternity right, the name right is realized simultaneously with publishing of the work. This becomes clear by the fact that up to the publication the work is not accessible to the public. According to the art. 9 of the Law on author right and relative rights of the Republic of Moldova, the author acquires the name right, that is the right to decide in what form shall appear his name in the procedure of evaluation of the work (with the proper name, pseudonym or anonym).Item Unele aspecte ale conflictelor de jurisdicţii analiyate prin prisma dreptului internaţional privat al Republicii Moldova(2006) Babără, ValeriuThe topic of this article is devoted to some aspects of the jurisdictional conflicts analysed in reference to the international private law of Republic of Moldova. The problems are examinated as it follows: Initially are maid some exploratory notes regarding to the jurisdictional conflicts; afterwards is analysed the interdependence between the conflicts of law and the jurisdictional conflicts; another problem is devoted to the disputed issues regarding judicial report of the international private law and the conditions of the foreigner in the law suits of the international private law; the last part is devoted to the distinctions between competence in the international private law and that of the internal law is done and also to the norms that determine the competence in international private law.Item L'exequatur des decisions judiciares etrangeres(2006) Cojocaru, VioletaȘtim că recunoașterea unei hotărâri judecătorești străine înseamnă admiterea autorității de lucru judecat puterii probante de act autentic, care fac opozabilă hotărârea față de terțe persoane, dar nu se admite și forța executorie a hotărârii judecătorești străine. Ea se dobândește în stat și produce alte efecte întocmai ca și o hotărâre a instanțelor proprii numai în cazul când se obține exequatur-ul pentru această hotărâre pe teritoriul statului în care se cere executarea ei.Exequatur este termen împrumutat din limba latină, care semnificã: a exercita .... a urmãri în justiție.Presupune un ordin emanând de la o autoritate dintr-un Stat care are drept obiectiv de a incorpora în ordinea juridică statală pe care o reprezintă un element exterior acesteia .În dreptul internațional privat: decizie prin care un tribunal de mare instanță (deliberând un singur judecător) conferă forță executorie unei sentințe arbitrale străine sau autorizează executarea unei hotărâri sau a unui act străin.Item Reglementarea uniformă a conflictelor de legi în domeniul contractelor internaționale(2006) Guțu, Sergiu; Cojocaru, VioletaItem Recunoaşterea şi executarea sentinţelor arbitrale străine în sistemul convenţiei de la New York(2006) Gribincea, LiliaItem Reglementări în materia neexecutării contractelor de comerţ internaţional(2006) Băieșu, AurelViena Convention on the International Sale of Goods of 11 April 1980 (CISG) is one of the most important international conventions serving as an efficient instrument for the harmonization of the international trade. Others two great projects for the harmonization of the contract law were elaborated in the course of the last years: UNIDROIT principles regarding the international commercial contracts and Principles of the European Contract Law worked out by the Commission for European Contract Law. The common objectives of the instruments subject to consideration are the following: to offer a source of inspiration to national and international lawmakers; to facilitate the international trade; to serve as a modern formulation of lex mercatoria for judges and arbitrators in case of settlement of litigations arising in the international trade; to offer the parties a species of neuter autonomous law that they can adopt as a law to govern their agreement lex contractus. In the present article we have analyzed the specific features of the concept of breach of the contract and of the system of remedies provided in the instruments under consideration meant to ensure the uniformity of the law.Item Imunitatea de jurisdicţie a statelor în procesele de drept internaţional privat(2006) Babără, Valeriu; Osmochescu, NicolaeIn this article, the author treats the issue of jurisdictional immunity of the states in law suits of the international private law, including the settlements that the article 457 from the Code of Civil Procedure of Republic of Moldova contents. Also are analised the two conception that ground the problem of the immunity of the state and his goods the absolute immunity and the functional immunity.Item Aspecte teoretico-legislative şi sociale privind raportul dintre devianţă şi sancţionare (în contextul Legii nr.713-XV)(2006) Rusandu, Ion; Dascălu, Mihai; Negru, BorisIn this article, legal and social problems concerning the relation between deviance and sanction are analyzed within the 712-XVth law. A particular attention has been given to problems regarding the offence and its social and ethical consequences. Thesis and other sights are being addressed from the point of view of human rights respect in the context of European integration.Item Armonizarea legislaţiei naţionale privind securitatea şi sănătatea în activitatea de muncă a tinerilor salariaţi [Articol](2006) Romandaș, NicolaeThe anticle deals with an analysis of steps undertacer by Romania in the last period on the way to harmonize the national legislation with the community one in the fied of security and labour health, focusing on youths as a vulnerable category of wage-earners from the point of security and labour health.Item Рассмотрение споров Европейским судом по правам человека(2006) Сосна, АлександрNecessity of international legal protection of human rights has led to formation of the European court under human rights. Analyzing activity of the European court under human rights it is possible to draw a conclusion that the given activity not always positively influences development of the legislation of the European countries.Item Poziţia statelor neutre în procesul de Integrare Europeană în materie de securitate(2006) Dorul, OlgaLes termes „intégration” et sécurité” ont été revendiqués par plusieurs universitaires et praticiens. Pour que l’éternel débat sur la sécurité européenne, où intégration signifiait seulement coopération internationale, laisse la place à celui sur l’intégration politique de l’Europe, il faut donc que convergent des courants de pensée différents depuis toujours. Les problèmes posés par les pays neutres ne résident pas tant dans l’adhésion de ces derniers à l’idée de coopération structurée mais plutôt dans la possibilité d’appliquer la clause d’assistance mutuelle, qui implique que tous les pays européens fournissent une participation militaire, dès lors que l’un d’entre eux est agressé.Item Neexecutarea contractului în dreptul anglo-american(2007) Băieșu, AurelThe importance of knowing the Anglo-American contract law, which is part of the common law family, is determined by the fact that the common law is shared, besides England and the USA, by a great number of national juridical systems of many countries on all the continents. Also, a number of international conventions in the field of international trade were elaborated by taking into consideration the concepts of the common law. In the present article we have considered the remedies offered by the common law in case of non-execution or inappropriate execution of the contract. Some of those remedies are of judicial nature, such as the action for specific performance, the action for damages, the other ones are self-help remedies, such as the actions by which the party damaged through the non-execution or the inappropriate execution of the agreement may “remedy” itself the situation.Item Evoluţia drepturilor, libertăţilor şi îndatoririlor omului din domeniul mediului(2007) Grama, Dumitru; Vlaicu, Vlad; Costache, GheorgheThe existence of the human rights, liberties, and obligations in the domain of the environment is mentioned from the oldest times, before the appearance of the states, and even before the appearance of the law. The studies show that the first rights, liberties, and obligations settled the relations between the human being and they referred to hunting, fishing, to the protection of fire, to defense, etc. The studies also show that namely the law appeared as a necessity to settle the relations between the human being and the environment he lives in.Item Corelaţia dintre dreptul la libera circulaţie, la alegerea domiciliului sau reşedinţei şi protecţia mediului(2007) Vlaicu, Vlad; Grama, DumitruThe research studies the correlations between the right to free circulation, the right of choosing one’s own residence and that of protection. The research investigates the problems of environmental protection that appear in the process of the implementation of the fundamental right to circulation, choosing one’s own place of residence; it informs those who are interested in solving the environmental problems as, for example, pollution, etc. that could restrict the right to free circulation and the impact of free circulation on the environment.Item Izvoarele dreptului comunitar(2007) Gribincea, LiliaSources of law are the origins from which particular positive laws derive their authority and coercive force. Such sources of law are constitutions, treaties, statutes, usages, and customs. The primary source of the European law is the Treaties, which are the basis of the European Union. The secondary sources (laws made under the terms of the treaties, especially the Treaty of Rome) comprise: • Regulations: These are binding and directly applicable (meaning that they do not have to be implemented by any national legislation) to all member states. If there is a conflict between a regulation and an existing national law, the regulation prevails. • Directives: These are requirements that member states change their national laws within a stated period of time in order to give effect to the directive in the UK. Directives can be implemented either by statute or by delegated legislation under the European Communities Act of 1972. • Decisions of the Court of Justice: These are binding on the parties to whom they are addressed, whether member states or individuals. • Recommendations and Opinions: These have no binding force, but merely state the view of the institution (such as the Commission) issuing them.Item Unele consideraţii referitoare la neadmiterea procedeului retrimiterii în dreptul conflictual al Republicii Moldova(2007) Babără, ValeriuThe subject we deal with in this article is devoted to the procedure of remission in the private international law. Some aspects related to justify the non-application of remission in the conflict of laws of Republic of Moldova.Item Organizarea şi competenţa Consiliului Superior al Magistraturii. Noţiuni generale. Aspect comparat(2007) Negru, AndreiThe process of legal regulation of the Superior Council of Magistracy (SCM) organization and functioning differs in the European legislative systems. Mandatory general requirements on this process can be noted, however specific requirements of primordial importance for the process of legal regulation of SCM organization and functioning, also emerge from state to state.