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Item INFO-DIGITAL ADDICTION: A NEW INTEGRATED CONCEPT AND TERM FOR NON-CHEMICAL ADDICTIONS RELATED TO THE USE OF INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGIES(CEP USM, 2024) Gritenco, Ella; Borșev, Iuri; Şeptiţchi, VladimirThe aim of this work is to draw the attention of the scientific community to the necessity of a comprehensive understanding of the phenomenon related to gaming or internet addiction, social media addiction, and other types of addictions often generalized under the term “digital addiction” or “technological addiction”. This article proposes the introduction and use of a new integrated term, “Info-Digital Addiction” (IDA), which takes into account the interdependence and interconnectedness of both information and digital technologies that exist inseparably from each other, as well as the complexity and multifaceted nature of the phenomenon under consideration. The analysis is based on an extensive review of literature and current research. The introduction of a unified term is necessary for the standardization, integration, and unification of the understanding of the entire spectrum of this issue and the development of common strategies for the prevention and treatment of the vast variety of types of this non-chemical (behavioral) addiction among children and adults, which, in the future, will likely need to be distinguished and defined as a separate group of addictions. The topic of the article represents an innovative and controversial approach to the study of addiction related to the use of information and digital technologies.Item FACTORI INTRINSECI CU IMPACT SANOGEN ASUPRA PROCESULUI DE DIGESTIE ÎN INTESTINUL SUBȚIRE(CEP USM, 2024) Şeptiţchi, Vladimir; Leorda, AnaThe purpose of this article is to identify, based on an analysis of specialized literature and previously obtained own data, intrinsic factors of a sanogenic nature that affect the digestion process in the small intestine. Modern approaches have been formulated about the digestion of nutrients in the small intestine, its main stages, the cellular elements directly involved in its implementation and the regulatory mechanisms that ensure the sanogenic level of digestive processes. Based on an analysis of the literature and previously obtained experimental data, a series of intrinsic factors with a sanogenic character were identified, at the level of cellular elements and organs that directly ensure digestion in the small intestine and the nervous and hormonal regulation of digestion in the small intestine.Item IMPACTUL SANO- ȘI DISSANOGEN AL DIETEI ASUPRA HOMEOSTAZIEI MICROBIOTEI INTESTINALE ȘI RELAȚIA ACESTEIA CU METABOLISMUL AMINOACIZILOR(CEP USM, 2024) Leorda, Ana; Garaeva, Svetlana; Tolstenco, DorinaDespite extensive scientific evidence supporting the relationship between dietary factors and gut microbiota composition and function, the underlying mechanisms and their potential impact are far from clear. Thus, the paper aim is to elucidate the components of the diet with a sanogenic and dissanogenic impact on the intestinal microbiota and its relationship with amino acid metabolism. Food intake has an indisputable impact on the development of the intestinal microbiota. The individual intestinal microbiota, while remaining relatively stable in a healthy organism, can vary qualitatively and quantitatively under of internal and external factors influence. The diet protein component targeted modification can regulate the functioning of microbial populations, which determines the sanogenicity of the body’s homeostasis.Item ROLUL AMINOACIZILOR ÎN REGLAREA HOMEOSTAZIEI TRACTULUI GASTROINTESTINAL(CEP USM, 2024) Garaeva, Svetlana; Leorda, Ana; Postolati, GalinaInfluența aminoacizilor liberi asupra tractului gastrointestinal are loc, pe de o parte, prin aminoacizii care circulă în sânge, iar pe de altă parte, prin activitatea hepatică și a metabolomului intestinal. Menținerea nivelului sanogen al homeostaziei acestui sistem este strâns legată de aprovizionarea cu aminoacizi esențiali prin intermediul alimentelor. Aportul în organism a cantității optime de aminoacizi proteinogeni reglează menținerea nivelului sanogen al homeostaziei organelor și țesuturilor tractului gastrointestinal. Cei mai semnificativi sunt aminoacizii aromatici și cei cu lanț ramificat, care reglează activitatea ficatului, pancreasului și sinteza acizilor grași. Menținerea unui nivel normal de mucus intestinal este asociată cu aportul alimentar de treonină, serină, prolină și cisteină. Aminoacizii sulfurați pot fi considerați unul dintre mijloacele nespecifice de reglare și menținere a nivelului sanogen al homeostaziei tractului gastrointestinal.Item ALIMENTAȚIA CA FACTOR AL MENȚINERII HOMEOSTAZIEI IMUNE(CEP USM, 2024) Bulat, OlgaImmune homeostasis is a balance between immunological tolerance and inflammatory immune responses, which is a key factor in maintaining the health of the body. Many endo and exogenous factors affect immune homeostasis. One such factor is nutrition. Macro and micronutrients found in food products in turn affect all body systems, including the immune system. This article analyzes the data in order to identify the main macro and microelements involved in maintaining immune homeostasis. It was found that nutrients, from which proteins, fats, carbohydrates can be isolated as macronutrients, as well as vitamins A, groups B, C, D, E, zinc, selenium, copper from micronutrients, more or less affect congenital and acquired immunity.Item INFLUENȚA FACTORILOR INTRINSECI ȘI EXTRINSECI ASUPRA DEZVOLTĂRII CELULELOR SOMATICE ȘI GERMINALE(CEP USM, 2024) Balan, Ion; Gavojdian, Dinu; Roşca, Nicolae; Balacci, Serghei; Buzan, Vladimir; Furdui, Vlada; Osipciuc, Galina; Harea, VasileMammalian spermatogenesis is the most complex regulated process of cell development and represents a specific physiological process for the study of the peculiarities of the mechanism of spermatogenesis and for perceiving the basic evolution of all developmental processes, since it involves specific molecular processes of somatic and sex cells. Spermatogenesis generates spermatozoa from spermatogonal stem cells through several stages and comprises spermatocytogenesis, meiosis and spermiogenesis with the continuous unfolding of molecular events of mitosis, meiosis and epigenetic dynamic changes at the morphological and molecular level. Spermatogenesis establishes some dynamic changes by overlapping the functions of different types of cells and is maintained by different physiological factors impacting testicular morphofunction. The existing overlaps complicate the conclusive elucidation of the individual roles of different somatic and germ cells in the self-renewal, proliferation and apoptosis of spermatogonial stem cells and create difficulties in understanding the contribution of distinct signaling molecules during spermatogenesis. Several factors, compounds secreted by all somatic cells, including Sertoli cells, peritubular myoid cells and Leydig cells are involved in the regulation and development of spermatogenesis, but the mechanisms by which these factors interact in somatic and germ cells are largely unknown and a comprehensive study of these cells is needed.Item INFLUENȚA STRUCTURII CALORICE A RAȚIILOR ASUPRA METABOLISMULUI INTERMEDIAR AL AMINOACIZILOR LIBERI ESENȚIALI LA TIPUL ASTENIC AL CONSTITUȚEI(CEP USM, 2024) Babileva, Anastasia; Carauş, VladimirThe advancement of personalized nutrition systems holds significance in the future of personalized medicine. The research paper outlines the fundamental principles of sanogenic nutrition based on the asthenic constitution type, which serves as a criterion for individualization. Individuals with an asthenic constitution type are primarily characterized by a heightened level of metabolic processes, which influences their dietary requirements. To ensure sustainable and healthy metabolism and morphophysiological functioning, the nutrition of asthenic individuals should focus on maintaining a high metabolic rate. The diet for asthenic individuals primarily consists of products that support an elevated metabolism without further stimulation (as it is already high in asthenics). These products include energy-rich foods like carbohydrates and lipids, while proteins are consumed in minimal quantities.Item THE IMPACT OF FOOD RATIONS ON THE INTERMEDIATE METABOLISM OF AMINO ACIDS IN INDIVIDUALS WITH HYPERSTHENIC TYPE OF CONSTITUTION(CEP USM, 2024) Babileva, AnastasiaThe advancement of personalized nutrition systems holds significance in the future of personalized medicine. The research paper outlines the fundamental principles of sanogenic nutrition based on the hypersthenic constitution type, which serves as a criterion for individualization. When creating and computing the caloric makeup of diets for hypersthenics, special emphasis is placed on the observation that individuals with this body type have a propensity to gain weight effortlessly and encounter difficulties in shedding excess body mass. Considering the principle of food differentiation and metabolic idiosyncrasies, the hypersthenic diet should primarily comprise of nourishments that promote a decreased metabolism, rather than ones that hinder it. This entails including foods abundant in protein and limited in carbohydrates and fats. Upon analyzing the obtained findings, it can be deduced that the food ration with a protein content ranging from 20-22% is more favorable for the nitrogen metabolism process in rats of this type of constitution.Item Иммуномодуляторный эффект рационовпитания с преимущественным содержанием протеинов(Editura USM, 2024) Булат, ОльгаWith the development of sanocreatology, special attention is given to methods aimed at influencing the functions of various systems and organs, including the immune system. Therefore, the aim of this study was to investigate the effect of diets with different protein ratios on the concentrations of immunoglobulins A, M, and G in old rats. Experiments were conducted on aged (24 months) female white laboratory rats. The experiments were conducted over a period of 30 days. It was found that in groups of animals fed a diet with protein concentration exceedingly twice the norm, the serum immunoglobulin A levels significantly decreased, while immunoglobulins M and G remained unchanged. This indicates a selective deficiency of immunoglobulin A, which may be explained by nephrotic syndrome.Item Monitorizarea la distanță a frecvenței respirației utilizând tehnologia măsurării transimpedanței toracice(Editura USM, 2024) Botnaru, NicolaiThe key element of the method for determining and monitoring the breathing frequency in Wireless mode, used in an electronic prototype, developed by the author, is to detect using the technology of measuring chest transimpedance. The ADS1292R integrated circuit was used to measure the impedance, which has a built-in chest movement detection circuit. The method involves the use of a mathematical algorithm for digital signal processing using an SoC system based on an ESP32 controller and using of IoT technologies for wireless data transmission.