2. Articole
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Item Modele teoretice în filosofie [Articol](2024) Cernica, Niadi-CorinaMy paper presents some theoretical patterns in philosophy. A theoretical pattern is a philosophical theory (idea) who cannot be prouved as true. This kind of theories are very important and they are bases for other philosophical theories. Theoretical patterns in philosophy are: infinite, causality, neurological reductio of thinking, subjective or objective reality, homogenousness of reality. Each theory has an important role in history of philosophy and in philosophical thinking today. My paper presents some of theoretical patterns in philosophy as bases for philosophical conceptions and their importance in philosophy.Item Perspective interdisciplinare în studiul sănătății creierului uman [Articol](2024) Rubanovici, LudmilaThe interdisciplinary approach to the study of human brain health allows the integration of different perspectives to address the complexity and diversity of brain health issues. This contributes to the development of more effective and comprehensive solutions for the care and treatment of brain disorders. Ethics and bioethics bring critical and analytical reflections on issues of informed consent, social responsibility, resource allocation, and general human values in the context of brain research and practice. These disciplines are essential to ensure that advances in brain health are accompanied by respect for human dignity and ethical principles, this helping to promotion environment of responsible and beneficial medical research and practice for the future.Item Suferința – stare de vulnerabilitate a pacientului încarcerat [Articol](2024) Cojocaru, ViorelThe penitentiary environment institutionalizes several vulnerable categories, even if this general vulnerability refers to all persons deprived of liberty. Sick detainees are also part of the groups with increased vulnerability. Various treatises on penitentiary ethics and medicine have been written in this regard. An unsolved problem is the suffering of the incarcerated patient, this being the main factor that underlines the vulnerability. The suffering of the sick detainee needs to be analyzed from the perspective of social bioethics and avoided/improved through bioethical-spiritual counselling mechanisms.Item Etica generozității în condițiile societății contemporane [Articol](2024) Capcelea, ValeriuThe article deals with the ethics of generosity in general and in the conditions of contemporary society, in particular. The visions of generosity throughout the history of philosophy from antiquity to the present and the religious approaches to this moral virtue are treated. In conclusion, it is stated that generosity is a fundamental component of social relations, because it allows the formation of strong bonds that constitute the basis of society and a harmonious social community.Item Orientări recente privind interacțiunea dintre (bio)etică și neuroștiință [Articol](2024) Banari, Ion; Aluaș, MariaThe authors aim to investigate, from a historical point of view, the achievements of neuroscience, to analyze the results of ethical debates regarding the evaluation of new advances in neuroscience, as well as new perspectives or moral challenges raised by the interaction between (bio)ethics and neuroscience, for the future. It is required that the ethical prerogatives in brain research be related to the methods of bioethics regarding the decision-making process and moral actions in neuroscience. Clinical practice and neuro-clinical research will have to evaluate the impact on the patient in accordance with the moral conditions regarding the quality of life, which should focus on the value of the person, the dignity, the authenticity, the integrity, and the identity of the human being.Item Abordări actuale ale malpraxisului în stomatologie [Articol](2024) Ojovan, Ala; Ojovanu, VitalieMedical errors that lead to suffering have always been an insistent topic addressed in medical activity. Technical and scientific progress conditioned great transformations of the medical act in stomatology. At the same time, the conditions and content of malpractice in contemporary dental care have undergone changes, being an important subject of bioethics. It is very important to analyze, in all aspects, the problem of malpractice manifestation in this, the most requested, field of medicine.Item Filosofia și digitalizarea: riscuri și oportunități în cadrul noilor universuri digitale [Articol](2024) Rosca, MarianaNowadays, all of us are witnessing important changes in our society, shaped by the effects and impacts of digitalization. Basically, no part of our social life is left untouched, which requires reflections from all the disciplinary areas and demands up to date and viable solutions. Thus, this article aims to highlight the role of philosophy and philosophical approaches in understanding new digital universes, the risks of digitization but also the opportunities it offers. Based on the philosophical methods of interrogation, critical debate, rational argument and systematic presentation, the following basic questions are addressed: what is the role of philosophy and what could be its contribution in understanding such major developments? How does digitization explain the existential conceptions of the human being? To what extent can we decide, manage but also harness the potential of digitization? Finally, how does this new technological landscape shape our living conditions? Thus, we conclude that by applying philosophical principles and engaging in critical reflection, philosophy can provide invaluable insight into the deep societal transformations brought about by digitization, guiding us towards more informed and ethical decisions in a rapidly evolving landscape.Item Etica mijloacelor și posibilitățile unei moralități pragmatic [Articol](2024) Perciun, AndreiThe text discusses the importance of critical thinking skills in a world saturated with information, where discerning facts from non-facts is crucial. It explores the concept of truth and its relationship to human action, arguing that truth can be discovered through the interplay of subjective experience and objective reality. The paper then delves into the ethical dimensions of human action, examining the extent to which truth-telling can be considered a moral virtue. It considers the moral weight of uttering the truth and its impact on others, emphasizing the intentional nature of such acts and their potential consequences. The author introduces two models of moral behavior: Ahilean and Odyssean. The Ahilean model emphasizes adherence to rules and principles, even if it leads to temporary or permanent loss. It focuses on the quality of means used to achieve goals, advocating for a code of ethical conduct. In contrast, the Odyssean model is pragmatic and efficiency- driven. It adapts to circumstances, utilizing intelligence to compensate for any lack of strength. This model is flexible, considering the possibility of circumventing rules to achieve goals, using deception and trickery as backup means in critical situations. It is guided by the noble intention of the action, even if the means employed are questionable. The paper concludes by acknowledging the advantages and disadvantages of both models, highlighting the Ahilean model’s suitability for situations where rule-following is essential and the Odyssean model’s appropriateness for contexts requiring pragmatism and efficiency. It emphasizes the importance of context in choosing theappropriate model and stresses the need to consider both moral principles and pragmatism in decision-making. The author suggests that this balance could constitute „moral pragmatism,” and individual responsibility is crucial for moral action. Practical applications of these models could facilitate understanding and interpreting real-life moral dilemmas, contributing to better decision-making in complex situations. However, discernment and critical thinking are essential in making such decisions, bringing to the forefront truth as an important moral value that must be respected.Item Cu privire la șansa re-valorizării științei. Incursiune prin revenire la Nicolae Mihai [Articol](2024) Ciobanu, Rodica; Juc, VictorIn this paper, we aim to draw attention to two aspects in order to review the work of a scientist-philosopher, who worked in the Academy of Sciences of Moldova, and to acknowledge the continuous effort of the scientific environment to build scientific foundations, and to offer explanatory frameworks to the less experienced and to guide them in scientific research. Firstly, we aim to revive the collective memory with the name of a scholar (Nicolae Mihai) who has remained in the shadow of history and time, and secondly, to deal with aspects present in the area of scientific interest of this author, which placed in the context of current trends have by no means lost their value or relevance.Item Obiceiuri, moravuri și mentalități în Chișinăul interbelic(2025) Prisac, LidiaAncorat la realitățile interbelice, Chișinăul a fost marcat de schimbări profunde la nivelul caracterului său distinctiv, având loc o simbioză dintre vechi și nou, dintre moștenirea culturală a perioadei țariste și a celei noi instituite, românești. Cu toate acestea obiceiurile, moravurile și mentalitățile sunt cele mai greu de schimbat în cadrul unei societăți. Marcat profund de manierele caracteristice lumii ruse și a amalgamului multicultural persistent, trăsăturile de comportament al chișinăuienilor perioadei interbelice înscrie tendințe de consolidare a unui specific regional. Surprinși într-un spațiu al confortului, drept generator al unei „somnolenţe cotidiene”, locuitorii Chișinăului creează impresia unor persoane pasive, resemnate, contemplative și cu suflet domol. În același timp, cei din partea locului, par să fie de o ospitalitate nemaiîntâlnită. Din inerție, în mediul urban continuă perpetuarea obiceiurilor, tradiţiilor şi moravurilor de familie raportate înaltei societăți, în conformitate cu tradiţiile patriarhale țariste. Cultivate în familie, școală și biserică, societatea chișinăuiană pare să perpetueze principii și valori morale sănătoase, produse de un cod al bunelor maniere bazat pe bunul simț, respect reciproc, corectitudine, cinste, omenie, onestitatea etc. În același timp, conduita orășenilor gravitează de multe ori între moralitate, religiozitate și superstiții, locuitorii fiind puși în situația de a alege între principiile morale și „plăcerile” existențiale.