2. Articole

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Author: search.filters.author.Rotaru, LilianaStart date: 2022

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    „ATMOSFERA MORALĂ ȘI PSIHOLOGICĂ” ÎN MEDIUL STUDENȚESC ÎN FAZA DE GERMINARE A MIŞCĂRII DE RENAŞTERE NAŢIONALĂ ÎN RSSM
    (2022) Rotaru, Liliana
    The context created by the premises and evolution of the national revival Movement and the delayed restructuring of the Soviet higher education stimulated the civic activism and the involvement of the „easily inflamma- ble collective” of students in the events taking place in the MSSR in the second half of the 80s. Students from higher education institutions of the MSSR initiated actions consistent with the general objectives of perestroika, glasnost and national reawakening even before 1988, only that their actions were small, often singular, and the most resonant were identified and promptly penalized by the “competent bodies”, who monitored the mood of the academic collectives with particular attention. Although they had a complex network of methods and instruments for monitoring the „moral atmosphere and psychology” of the students, towards the end of 1988, the party authorities lost control and the battle for the minds and spirits of the students, they demonstrating civic and political maturity in the events of November 1988.
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    RĂZBOIUL DIRECTORILOR” MUZEULUI NAȚIONAL DE ISTORIE NATURALĂ DIN CHIȘINĂU LA ÎNCEPUTUL ANILOR’30
    (Lexon-Prim, 2022) Rotaru, Liliana; Ciobanu, Tudor; Ponomarev, Alexandr
    Nicolae Florov (Florea), doctor of sciences from the University of Iași (1925), agrogeologist and soil science specialist of European stature, museographer, university professor (1931) and man of culture was born on December 19, 1876, in the village of Cornești, county Balti in the family of priest Pavel Florov. After a directorship of almost 10 years at the National Museum of Natural History in Chisinau, the Ministry of Public Instruction of Romania decides to replace Nicolae Florov with Teodor Porucic in the summer of 1931, a replacement, which produced an avalanche of dissatisfaction from the new director, materialized in notes, information and notifications addressed to the Chisinau police. The authors analyzed these notifications, contained in the files of the Iași Police Investigations, kept in the National Archives of Romania and the National Archives of the Republic of Moldova, and tried to unravel the causes of Teodor Porucic’s institutionalized “upsets” and the role of Nicolae Florov in their production.
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    EDUCAȚIE ȘI POLITICĂ VS. POLITICĂ ȘI EDUCAȚIE ÎN „ERA AGRARIANĂ” A REPUBLICII MOLDOVA (1994-1998)
    (2022) Rotaru, Liliana
    In this study, the author analyzes the educational policies promoted by the agrarian government in the Republic of Moldova. The main fields of activity of the Ministry of Education of the Republic of Moldova in 1994- 1998 are identified, including legislative and regulatory initiatives in the field of education, implementation of new forms of management of the education system, inflation of universities and maneuvers in the context of the economic crisis, as well as the “offensive” of the Andrei Sangheli government (2) against the achievements of the previous government in the field of education, and especially against the Romanian history and language.
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    Aspectul lingvistic al reformei hrușcioviste a școlii în RSS Moldovenească [Articol]
    (Lexon-Prim, 2023) Rotaru, Liliana
    The present study analyzes the „adjustments” of the Soviet language policy in the context of the Khrushchevist school reform of the late 1950s - early 1960s. The „School Law”, including the one voted on April 19, 1959 by the Supreme Soviet of the Moldavian SSR, which provided for the right of parents to decide „in which school with the language of instruction to enroll their children” and the „freedom” of choosing „Moldovan language” by the students studying in the school with the Russian language of instruction, reflects the policy of systematic and intentional Russification of the Soviet peoples , the Soviet regime pursuing the „complete fusion of nations” and the formation of a new historical community - the „Soviet people” for which the common language was to be Russian.
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    PRIMA CAMPANIE IDEOLOGICĂ ÎN RSSM: LUPTA REGIMUL COMUNIST CU „ ... DEFICIENȚELE ÎN PREDAREA MARXISM-LENINISMULUI”
    (CEP USM, 2023) Rotaru, Liliana
    În fața provocării postbelice externe, cât și celei interne, regimul comunist a propus societății sovietice o „nouă mobilizare ideologică”. Statul sovietic a arătat o atenție sporită pentru școala superioară, ori aceasta era una dintre cele mai importante instituţii care forma orientările științifice, ideologice și culturale în societate. Astfel, campaniile ideologice de răsunet din perioada stalinismului târziu au fost precedate de mobilizarea „echipei de șoc” a intelectualității universitare – profesorii încadrați la catedrele de marxism-leninism a instituțiilor de învățământ superior sovietic, responsabili de predarea disciplinelor, numite sociale, cei, care erau chemați să asigure educația politică și ideologică, să formeze „o viziune științifică corectă” despre lume tinerilor, dar și colegilor lor universitari. Studiul este dedicat analizei formelor de manifestare a primei campanii ideologice sovietice, demarată prin hotărârea CC al PC(b) din întreaga Uniune cu privire la deficiențele în predarea marxism-leninismului în RSSM și influenței acestei campanii asupra sistemului de învățământ superior sovietic, care era tocmai în proces de formare.
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    CUM A DEVENIT ATEISMUL DISCIPLINĂ ACADEMICĂ
    (CEP USM, 2022-05-27) Rotaru, Liliana
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    „... O ȘCOALĂ CE NE-AR ÎNTOARCE LA ORIGINI” – ÎNVĂȚĂMÂNTUL DIN REPUBLICA MOLDOVA ÎN MINISTERIATUL LUI NICOLAE MĂTCAȘ
    (CEP USM, 2022) Rotaru, Liliana
    University professor and prominent fighter for the national cause Nicolae Mătcaș, who started to lead the Ministery of Science and Education of the Republic of Moldova in the summer of 1990, when the impact of the Gorbachevist perestroika and the national movement, the old Soviet world was crumbling and a new order had started to be rebuild. In the ministry of more than three and a half years (1990-1994) Minister Mătcaș initiated and promoted several reforms that had the purpose to change the educational system of the Republic of Moldova from the state of deep Sovietization, by deideologizing, depoliticizing, demilitarizing, and creating a Romanian traditional educational system. The mentality is the area that accepts metamorphosis with reluctance so that the reforms have been difficult to accept by both camps responsible for education - students and teachers. However, the processes of the return of Moldovan education to the Romanian national traditions, a process defined by the reforms of Minister Matcaș - which were not always done well and especially were not always popular, but were irreversible for the further evolution of the higher education from Moldova.
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    STUDENȚII ȘI MIȘCAREA DE RENAȘTERE NAȚIONALĂ DIN RSS MOLDOVENEASCĂ: NOIEMBRIE 1989
    (Lexon-Prim, 2023) Rotaru, Liliana
    The National Revival Movement at the end of the 1980s of the last century experienced episodes that deeply marked the subsequent development of events in the Moldavian SSR. One such episode is the event of November 7, 1989 and the one that naturally followed it on November 10 of the same year. In the present study, the author analyzes, based on unpublished archive documents, the forms, methods and degree of involvement of students in the National Movement of the Moldavian SSR, identifying two stages. The first stage, which chronologically coincides with the year 1988, is characterized by the self-organization of the students and their organized involvement within the institution, rather by the organization of literary- artistic cenacles, discussions on important documents, issued by the state and the party, etc. Towards the end of 1988, the „studious youth” became radicalized through the events of November and broke away from the Komsomol, creating the Student League – an alternative organization to represent them. The second stage is identified with the year 1989 and is more resonant. The students walked out of the universities (or were persuaded to walk out), being attracted and involved in the protest actions of the Democratic Movement and the Popular Front of Moldova. The „street students” participated in all the resounding protest actions with an active and retributive character, the peak of their involvement in the National Movement protests being those of November 7 and 10, 1989. After the authorities undertook more coercive „measures”, directing the entire arsenal of tools and methods of „persuasion” against them, the students were „pacified” and returned to study hall and dormitories.