Formele de manifestare a criminalităţii organizate, prevăzute de reglementările normative internaţionale [Articol]

Abstract

Organized crime poses a major threat to global security, intensified by globalization, technological progress, and cross-border mobility. Criminal groups are involved in activities such as drug trafficking, human trafficking, money laundering, and cybercrime, transcending national borders and necessitating international cooperation. International regulatory frameworks have established an essential legal framework for combating this phenomenon. The adoption of the United Nations Convention against Organized Crime in Palermo in 2000 marked a crucial moment, providing an operational definition of organized criminal groups and imposing clear obligations on states to criminalize related offenses. At the European level, the European Union has developed a legislative framework to harmonize countermeasures in member states, including through Framework Decision 2008/841/JHA, which established rules for judicial and police cooperation and set up agencies such as Eurojust and Europol. However, the rapid adaptability of criminal groups and the lack of a universally accepted definition continue to pose major challenges to the effective enforcement of these regulations. Technological advances and the link between organized crime and terrorism further complicate international legal responses.