Crima organizată şi dreptul penal : noi strategii şi provocări [Articol]

Abstract

Criminal law is a crucial branch of modern law that governs the punishments for actions violating societal principles. The Moldovan Criminal Code (CP RM) serves as the primary source, defining crimes, responsibilities, and penalties. Organized crime refers to premeditated actions by groups intending to harm social, moral, or material conditions. It is regulated under Chapter IV, especially Article 46 of CP RM, which defines an “organized criminal group" as a stable group formed to commit one or more crimes. The classification of participants includes the author, organizer, instigator, and accomplice, each playing specific roles. Organized crime has historical roots and, in the modern era, has adapted to technological advancements, complicating law enforcement efforts. Criminal organizations are complex, hierarchical, and pursue various illicit activities. National and international laws aim to combat organized crime, yet countries like Moldova and Romania approach the issue with different sanctions and definitions. While Moldova's laws are inspired by Russian legislation, they impose harsher penalties for terrorist related crimes, marking a significant step toward addressing the challenges of organized crime.