Diplomația digitală: transformări și provocări în diplomația contemporană [Articol]

Abstract

The digital transformation of international relations has profoundly reshaped diplomatic practices, leading to the emergence of digital diplomacy as a critical domain with in foreign policy. This article explores the evolution, strategies, and implications of digital diplomatic practices employed by state and non-state actors in the 21st century. Drawing on case studies from diverse geopolitical contexts, it examines how ministries of foreign affairs leverage digital platforms—particularly social media, AI-driven tools, and virtual forums—to advance national interests, engage foreign publics, and manage crises. The analysis highlights both the opportunities and risks associated with digital diplomacy, including enhanced transparency, real-time communication, cyber threats, and challenges to diplomatic protocol. The article also addresses how digital tools redefine traditional diplomatic roles and institutional structures. By integrating empirical evidence with theoretical frameworks, the study contributes to a nuanced understanding of how diplomacy adapts to a rapidly evolving digital environment and proposes a strategic framework for future digital engagement.