Bottom-up and top-down listening strategies in the classroom [Articol]

Abstract

The importance of listening is constantly increasing in the modern world, and technological advances in global communication have made listening even more crucial. It is considered to be the very basic language skill, which is consistently interrelated and intervened with the other language skills - speaking, reading and writing. Numerous studies related to listening strategies have been published in the past two decades. This article explores various bottom-up and top- down listening strategies used in the classroom by non-native speakers. One implication of the study for the classroom is that methods of listening instruction should be integrated with activities involving reading, speaking, and writing.