Chestiunea Basarabiei între Rusia (Rusia țaristă, Rusia sovietică, URSS) și România din secolul al XIX-lea până la sfârșitul Primului Război Mondial [Articol]

Abstract

The issue of Bessarabia between Russia (Tsarist Russia, Soviet Russia, USSR) and Romania = from the 19th century to the end of World War I. In 1812, Tsarist Russia won the Russo-Turkish War and seized the eastern part of the Principality of Moldova from the Ottoman Empire, naming the territory Bessarabia. At the end of World War I, the February Revolution and the October Revolution broke out one after another, and there was a chaotic situation of two regimes coexisting in Russia. The government of Soviet Russia unilaterally announced its withdrawal from the war, causing the Romanian front to collapse. At the invitation of the Bessarabian “Council of the Country (Sfatul Țării)”, the Romanian army entered the Bessarabian territory and completed the annexation of Bessarabia. Soviet Russia always refused to recognize the legitimacy of Bessarabia’s annexation to Romania, believing that it was an “illegal occupation” carried out by Romania taking advantage of the chaos after the October Revolution in Russia. Romania adhered to the principle of national self-determination and believed that the annexation of Bessarabia in 1918 reflected the mainstream wishes of the local Romanian people. It finally obtained the recognition of the Allied Powers that Bessarabia belonged to Romania by signing the Paris Protocol in 1920.