ÎNCĂLCAREA REGULILOR DE SECURITATE A CIRCULAŢIEI SAU DE EXPLOATARE A MIJLOACELOR DE TRANSPORT DE CĂTRE PERSOANA CARE CONDUCE MIJLOCUL DE TRANSPORT, SĂVÂRȘITĂ ÎN STARE DE EBRIETATE: CONSIDERAȚII INTRODUCTIVE
Date
2019
Authors
Journal Title
Journal ISSN
Volume Title
Publisher
CEP USM
Abstract
Impactul stării de ebrietate asupra săvârșirii infracțiunilor nu poate fi pus la îndoială.
Luând în considerare acest impact, este importantă stabilirea conotațiilor juridico-penale ale stării de ebrietate. Din definiția noțiunii„stare de ebrietate”
formulată în alin.(1) art.134 12CP RM poate fidedusă prezența următoarelor trei caracteristici: 1) caracteristica formală (consumul de alcool, de droguri și/sau de alte substanțe cu efecte similare); 2) caracteristica materială (dereglarea psiho-funcţională a organismului); 3) caracteristica cauzală (existența unei legături de cauzalitate între consumul de alcool, de droguri și/sau de alte substanțe cu efecte similare și dereglarea psihofuncţională a organismului). Esențială pentru constatarea
stării de ebrietate în sensul alin.(1) art.134 12 CP RM este nu prezența în organism a alcoolului, a drogurilor sau a altor substanțe cu efecte similare, ci dereglarea psihofuncţională a organismului. Despre dereglarea psihofuncţională a organismului în rezultatul consumului unor astfel de substanțe se poate vorbi numai în cazul în care prezența stării de ebrietate a
fost stabilită în conformiate cu reglementările în materie și în corespundere cu criteriile medicale aplicate în domeniul narcologiei. În Partea Generală a Codului penal al Republicii Moldovastarea de ebrietate este caracterizată ca circumstanță cu
caracter alternativ (bivalent): starea de ebrietate poate fi considerată circumstanță agravantă doar atunci când făptuitorul își dă seama că substanțele pe care le consumă benevol și conștient pot provoca starea de ebrietate care, la rândul său, poate
înlesni comiterea unei infracțiuni; în cazul în care lipsesc astfel de condiții, starea de ebrietate poate fi considerată circumstanță atenuantă.
The probability of committing an offence while intoxicated is higher and the negative impact of alcohol, drugs and other substances with similar effects on our physical and mental health can’t be questioned. Considering the magnitude of the impact, it is very important to establish a legal and criminal framework addressing the influence of alcohol, drugs and other substances with similar effects on a person. The definition of the concept of „intoxication”stipulated at par.(1)art. 13412 PC RM helps us deduce three characteristics that form such a framework: 1) the formal characteristics(the consumptionof alcohol, drugs and/or other substances with similar effects); 2) the aterial characteristics(the psycho-functional dysfunction of the body); 3) the causal characteristics(the existence of a causal link between the consumption of alcohol, drugs and/or other substances with similar effects and the psycho-functional dysfunction of the body). In order to determineif a person is intoxicated, under the meaning of par. (1) art. 13412PC RM, it is essential to establish the psycho-functional dysfunction of the person’s body and not the level of alcohol, drugs or other substances with similar effects in its body. The psycho-functional dysfunction of a person’s body caused as a result of the consumption of such substances can be established only if the person’s intoxication is determined in accordance with the laws and regulations in force and after all the necessary narcology tests are taken and the exact state of the person is ascertained. In the General Part of the Penal Code of the Republic of Moldova, intoxication is characterized as an alternative (bivalent) circumstance: it can be considered an aggravating circumstance only if it is determined that the perpetrator knew from the beginning that the substances he or she consciously and voluntarily took can cause intoxication, which, in turn, can make it easier fora person to commit an offence; in the absence of such conditions, intoxication must be considered as a mitigating circumstance.
The probability of committing an offence while intoxicated is higher and the negative impact of alcohol, drugs and other substances with similar effects on our physical and mental health can’t be questioned. Considering the magnitude of the impact, it is very important to establish a legal and criminal framework addressing the influence of alcohol, drugs and other substances with similar effects on a person. The definition of the concept of „intoxication”stipulated at par.(1)art. 13412 PC RM helps us deduce three characteristics that form such a framework: 1) the formal characteristics(the consumptionof alcohol, drugs and/or other substances with similar effects); 2) the aterial characteristics(the psycho-functional dysfunction of the body); 3) the causal characteristics(the existence of a causal link between the consumption of alcohol, drugs and/or other substances with similar effects and the psycho-functional dysfunction of the body). In order to determineif a person is intoxicated, under the meaning of par. (1) art. 13412PC RM, it is essential to establish the psycho-functional dysfunction of the person’s body and not the level of alcohol, drugs or other substances with similar effects in its body. The psycho-functional dysfunction of a person’s body caused as a result of the consumption of such substances can be established only if the person’s intoxication is determined in accordance with the laws and regulations in force and after all the necessary narcology tests are taken and the exact state of the person is ascertained. In the General Part of the Penal Code of the Republic of Moldova, intoxication is characterized as an alternative (bivalent) circumstance: it can be considered an aggravating circumstance only if it is determined that the perpetrator knew from the beginning that the substances he or she consciously and voluntarily took can cause intoxication, which, in turn, can make it easier fora person to commit an offence; in the absence of such conditions, intoxication must be considered as a mitigating circumstance.
Description
Keywords
stare de ebrietate, dereglarea psihofuncţională a organismulu, ebrietate fiziologică, circumstanță agravantă, circumstanță atenuantă, intoxication, aggravating circumstance, irresponsibility
Citation
POSTOVANU, N. Încălcarea regulilor de securitate a circulaţiei sau de exploatare a mijloacelor de transport de către persoana care conduce mijlocul de transport, săvârșită în stare de ebrietate: considerații introductive . In: Studia Universitatis Moldaviae. Seria Științe sociale: Sociologie. Asistență Socială. Drept. Științe Politice. Revistă științifică. 2019, nr. 3(123). pp.233-246. ISSN 1814-3199.