Riscul valurilor de căldură din ultimele două decenii pentru Moldova în contextul schimbărilor climatice regionale [Articol]

Abstract

In the Republic of Moldova, practically as in all of Europe, climate changes are visibly manifested in recent decades by increasing the frequency, intensity and duration of heat waves (for example, the episodes of 2007, 2012, 2015, 2020, 2022, 2023), being accompanied by an increase in the intensity of short-term precipitations. For the realization of the present study, the factual data collected from the archives of the state institutions of the Republic of Moldova were used: the state Hydrometeorological service (sHs); national Bureau of statistics (nBs). The mentioned data were systematized, processed, interpreted graphically and cartographically, with the use of statistical programs - statgraphics, Instat Plus and QGis, in accordance with the proposed objectives. In the Republic of Moldova, during the last 23 years, the number of cases with absolute maximum temperatures was very high. In all these years, temperatures ≥ 33.0°C were recorded, including values ≥ 40.0°C. Heat waves influence all sectors of the economy, but agriculture remains the most vulnerable, and the impact on it is more signifcant today, because climate changes and variability are becoming more and more pronounced.