The paper discusses the mechanisms of the primary occurrence of obesity through the ac tivation of the pro-inflammatory system, which ultimately lead to the occurrence of meta-inflam mation. The study of immunometabolism includes two main aspects: 1) the effects of the immune
system on organs and tissues through the control of systemic metabolism; 2) the influence of the
metabolic state of the bioenergetic organism through immune cells.
Obesity as a heterogeneous multifactorial chronic disease is characterized by a wide pre valence, progressive increase in morbidity, high cardiometabolic risk. Central and peripheral
obesity with insulin resistance (IR) is closely associated with type II DM. Several mechanisms
are involved in the genesis of impaired insulin sensitivity: lipotoxicity, glucotoxicity, endoplasmic
reticulum stress (degradation of damaged proteins in the cell), mitochondrial dysfunction, oxi dative stress and chronic inflammation in metabolically active tissues (adipose tissue, intestines,
muscles, pancreas, liver).
