2. Articole
Permanent URI for this collectionhttps://msuir.usm.md/handle/123456789/109
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Item Riscurile sunt ubicui – securitatea trebuie să fie acum şi aici(CEP USM, 2024-11-07) Ciobanu, RodicaThe paper outlines the roadmap concept for joint research on the constants of ensuring the individual’s security in times of transitions and social reform by determining the standards to increase the effectiveness of national security mechanisms. In order to explain the research milestones, relevant topical issues of current security challenges and vulnerabilities are referred to. At the same time, the focus is placed towards the individual’s security, to provide a long-term boost of cross-sectoral research into the adjustment processes of the national regulatory framework to the European one, and how security guarantees would facilitate the increase of the nexus between citizens and authorities. Consequently, using a diversified methodology, it aims to: - define security standards in line with the individual’s needs to forecast the security risks; - define indicators to guarantee an adequate security environment or security balance; - define the interactions that will increase the effectiveness of the protection and security mechanisms.Item Securitatea statului și respectarea drepturilor omului în era digitală(CEP USM, 2024) Moisoiu, Roxana MihaelaWe live in a highly digitized era where access to the latest technologies allows us to access information that we can use both in the sphere of professional concerns and in the sphere of research challenges. It is known that Europe as the cradle of civilization in the Balkan Peninsula is the target of a cyber attack every 44 seconds. The statistics are not at all encouraging, as two out of 5 European citizens have experienced cyber security issues, and one out of 8 businesses have been targeted by such attacks. Romania enjoys a won and confirmed place in the field of digital security. In this sense, our country was chosen to host the European Competence Center in the field of Cyber Security. In the private sector we have one of the largest antivirus companies in the world. But we still have a lot to learn from the highly developed countries that dominate cyber security. Digitization from the perspective of the consequences on the economic level is a particularly complex process because it obviously accelerates the fulfillment of each of the objectives of sustainable development. However, the advantages and disadvantages of digital technology should not be minimized, especially from the point of view of risks such as the risk of personal data theft, the spread of terrorism and crimes, as well as obvious difficulties regarding the lack of specialization of the global population for new jobs which will be digitized by the disappearance of other jobs. The use of information technology provides anonymity to users, facilitates the logistical support of criminals and reduces the risk that they will be brought to justice by favoring remote controlled operations. Analyzing the impact of digitization, both from the point of view of the advantages and the disadvantages it presents, is an obvious necessity, dictated by the economic social political reality existing at the level of the EU as well as at the level of Moldova and Romania. Thus, cyber security must be analyzed and argued in the context of respecting human rights, especially economic rights, which will facilitate a dignified and smooth existence of social welfare.Item Participarea statului privind asigurarea drepturilor omului în era digitală(CEP USM, 2024) Mercuș, RaduActualmente suntem într-o societate dezvoltată din punct de vedere tehnologic cu toate că mai există undeva carențe continuăm să ne mișcăm într-un timp alert pentru a fi în pas cu lumea pentru a reuși să atingem obiectivele stabilite.Domeniul IT reprezintă sursa de care are nevoie societatea pentru a îndeplini acele lucrări care simplei persoane ar avea nevoie de întâmpinat careva dificultăți fie că calitatea materialului ce trebuie executat trebuie să fie îndeplinit după anumite criterii accesibile doar cu tehnica modernă adaptată zilelor noastre și deasemena îndeplinirea comenzilor în perioade stabile de timp.Avem centre de instruire dipsunem de instituții,organizații,agenții specializate în dezvoltarea,promovarea sau protejarea drepturilor omului în era digitală prin adoptarea de diferite proiecte,acte normative,participarea la diferite evenimente ce are drept scop abordarea problemelor cu care se confruntă societatea actualmente și cu am reuși să implementăm anumite proiecte pentru a combate acele dificultăți zilnice.Item Revoluția digitală și protecția drepturilor omului: înfruntarea atacurilor cibernetice(CEP USM, 2024) Dragomir, Andreea-Nicoleta; Morari(Bayraktar), Ana; Magdan, Ștefana-MagdalenaIn recent decades, the development of information technologies has been a significant force in the evolution of our society. Amongst other advantages and conveniences, the dynamics of digital innovations have influenced the way we interact socially and access information systems globally. However, we need to be aware of the challenges associated with digitisation, such as data security, unequal access to technology and threats to privacy. To remedy this problem, law and legal science needs new theoretical and practical solutions to formulate principles and models of digital development that would restore the effectiveness of law enforcement in the context of frequent cyber attacks. The effective development and implementation of cyber security policy is a prerequisite for the development of a knowledge-based society. In this context, the provision of training and guidance in this area is a key element in raising staff awareness of potential threats and preventive measures. Establishing well-defined access policies, limiting privileges and using specialised monitoring software facilitates early detection of suspicious activities or intrusion attempts. This article aims to analyse the implications of cyber attacks on fundamental human rights. In doing so, we aim to examine the cost-effectiveness of existing legal instruments and the response of the international community to strengthening a system of human rights protection in the context of the digital revolution.Item Particularități și caracteristici ale criminalității organizate digitale(CEP USM, 2024) Sîrbu, UlianaDigital crime is widely investigated worldwide. It also has an international normative basis for combating it. International law enforcement is weak. Less research is done on digital organised crime. It is practised in countries with a high level of crime, with a low economy, but also where a state of emergency has been established: disaster, epidemic, war. Criminal groups commit various particularly or exceptionally serious crimes digitally. Causing social danger and great, in some cases extremely great, damage.Item Delimitarea juridico-penală a trădării de patrie de infracțiunea divulgării secretului de stat(CEP USM, 2024) Balanel, IonThe generic object of the crime of treason and the crime of state secret disclosure is the social relations regarding the normal activity of public authorities and state security. The crimes of treason and state secret disclosure are among the most serious criminal acts against the state, which endanger the country's external and internal security. In order to apply and interpret the criminal policy correctly and uniformly in relation to these acts that endanger the state's security, it is necessary to conduct a comprehensive analysis of the criminal policy regarding the distinction between treason and the crime of state secret disclosure. The distinction between the crime of treason, provided for in Article 337 of the Criminal Code of the Republic of Moldova, and the crime of state secret disclosure, provided for in Article 344 of the Criminal Code of the Republic of Moldova, shall be made through the prism of the comparative analysis of the objective and subjective signs that characterize them as a whole.Item Aspecte privind rolul Organizației Națiunilor Unite în calitate de instituție principală în soluționarea diferendelor internaționale(2021) Zaharia, Virginia; Frunze, IonMisiunile ONU de menținere a păcii și misiunile politice speciale sunt un instrument esențial pentru eforturile de promovare a stabilității. În prezent, accentul este pus pe coerență și sinergii, făcând uz în mod efectiv și eficace de ansamblul de variante de răspuns la crize. Un număr fără precedent de evaluări/rapoarte cheie ale ONU solicită la unison să se depună eforturi mai semnificative pentru a se preveni crizele și a se căuta soluții politice. Diplomația preventivă și eforturile de mediere sunt intensificate. ONU joacă un rol esențial în combaterea terorismului, inclusiv în prevenirea extremismului violent. Strategia globală a ONU de combatere a terorismului cuprinde o serie completă de măsuri care trebuie să fie puse în aplicare în totalitate, evidențiind gradul sporit de implicare a ONU în menținerea climatului de stabilitate și ordine mondială, atât de fragil și de instabil în contextul noilor provocări și amenințări.Item UE-Moldova: stabilirea unui parteneriat de încredere cu interese și obiective comune(Print-Caro, 2023-03-15) Mercuș, RaduThe Republic of Moldova as a member state of the Eastern Partnership has committed to cooperate with the European Union in order to ensure a good condition of life for its citizens without them emigrating to other states to ensure an adequate future for the family till the fact that we are acctually have problems such as the migration of young people, the low condition of natality, the commission of economic crimes, unemployment or security. Actually, the Republic of Moldova has signed the EU parteneship agreement that firmly expressing its preference to become a member of the European community by aligning itself with all international regulations for which it present gives priority required by the national problems, it is about the constitutional law, namely art.4 where it is offered priority of international normative acts in the field of human rights protection and art.8 stipulates that any inconsistency between constitutional-national regulations and international law need to become a subject to revision, giving priority to international law, but the European Union as an entity did not have the sovereign right of the states to take decisions by giving them the opportunity to exercise their sovereign right arrising from the principles by which the European community is governed, that of subsidiarity or proportionality, the right of every citizen of the community to make decisions on their own, to choose their own objective of future or the Union European acts to the detriment of the national law of the states when the action would be more effective to be carried out at the community level.Item REPERE JURIDICE ÎN DEZVOLTAREA ŞI IMPLIMENTAREA SISTEMELOR INFORMAȚIONALE(CEP USM, 2021-12-08) Mocanu, VeronicaDuring the last period, more and more companies as well as state institutions trend to optimize and digitalize their activities by developing and implementing new informa- tional systems, programs, softs, etc. However, not all the time, legal aspects are well con- sidered. Therefore, hereby article, relieve the most important legal aspects which should be considered in the context of the development and deployment of the new technologies. This paper examines steps which should be performed by interested in development bo- dies, as well, as presents detailed information related to the ethical aspects which should be considered in context of the development of new technologies.Item CONFIDENȚIALITATE ȘI SECURITATE ÎN ERA DIGITALĂ: PROVOCĂRI CONTEMPORANE ȘI DIRECȚII VIITOARE(CEP USM, 2023) Gînco-Fodor, DanielaThe topicality of the researched theme resides in the idea of presenting the contemporary problems encountered in the process of protecting personal data in the digital age. Privacy and security are at the heart of civil rights from which all other human rights and freedoms derive, and the digital age is in full swing, so the challenges and future directions for the development of this subject need to be addressed.