2. Articole
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Item Republica Moldova de la declaraţia de independenţă la statut de ţară candidată pentru aderarea în UE(CEP USM, 2024) Rozovel, AlionaThe given article reflects from a diachronic perspective an analysis of the way in which the Moldovan-European relations were structured from the time of the establishment of the Republic of Moldova as a national state until today, crystallizing a clear vision of the reason behind the decision. farms of our country to step into the EU. The preference for the trajectory of the European vector will be a decisive decision for the republican referendum expected on this subject in the fall of 2024, together with the long a waited presidential elections. As a result, it is naive to make predictions for the future without knowing how determined Moldovans are to become European citizens.Item Obiectul juridic special al infrastructurii prevăzute la art. 337 din Codul Penal(CEP USM, 2024-09-20) Balanel, IonThe content of this article pertains to the investigation of the special legal object of the crime of treason against the state. The significance of this article lies in the fact that the crime of treason against the state is considered one of the most severe offenses, undermining the sovereignty, independence, territorial integrity, and security of the Republic of Moldova. Examining the special legal object is crucial, especially in light of the changes that have occurred in the Penal Code following recent amendments.Item Some comparative law aspects of citizenship legislation in the Republic of Moldova and Romania(CEP USM, 2024-11-07) Tinu, AndreiWith a Romanian historical and cultural background, with a common futu- re within the Euro-Atlantic bodies, Romania and the Republic of Moldova continue the effort of democratization and harmonization of national legislation with the community acquis, the amendments and adaptations also targeting legal procedures and technical conditions for their fulfilment. The electronic certificate, the collection of biometric data, the reduction or, where appropriate, an increase in the processing time for applications for naturalization or recognition of citizenship are elements which are or will be part of the legislation on citizenship in the Republic of Moldova and Romania.Item Delimitarea juridico-penală a trădării de patrie de infracțiunea divulgării secretului de stat(CEP USM, 2024) Balanel, IonThe generic object of the crime of treason and the crime of state secret disclosure is the social relations regarding the normal activity of public authorities and state security. The crimes of treason and state secret disclosure are among the most serious criminal acts against the state, which endanger the country's external and internal security. In order to apply and interpret the criminal policy correctly and uniformly in relation to these acts that endanger the state's security, it is necessary to conduct a comprehensive analysis of the criminal policy regarding the distinction between treason and the crime of state secret disclosure. The distinction between the crime of treason, provided for in Article 337 of the Criminal Code of the Republic of Moldova, and the crime of state secret disclosure, provided for in Article 344 of the Criminal Code of the Republic of Moldova, shall be made through the prism of the comparative analysis of the objective and subjective signs that characterize them as a whole.Item Aнализ криминогенных и психологических причинных факторов, влияющих на формирование преступного поведения несовершеннолетних(Tipografia „Adrilang”, 2022-01-27) Любимова, Дарья; Захария, ВирджинияIn recent years, the countries of the world community have been making a lot of efforts to form an effective system for the protection of the rights and prevention of juvenile delinquency. Nevertheless, many problems remain unresolved in this area, such as family problems, the prevalence of alcoholism, drug addiction and neglect, gaps in current legislation, as well as insufficient use of effective forms and methods of international cooperation. The prevention of juvenile delinquency and the development of appropriate recommendations are among the basic tasks of international law-making, as well as the formation of humane standards for the treatment of juvenile offenders, designed to ensure a rational youth and criminal policy. Measures to prevent offenses should be aimed at all children and adolescents without exception. In order to prevent the delinquent behavior of children, close cooperation with state and local government bodies and public associations is recommended.Item Istoricul codificării materiei de drept privat în Republica Moldova(2021) Avornic, Gheorghe; Cojocaru, Violeta; Moraru, IulianDivizarea întregului sistem de drept în drept public și drept privat vine din cele mai vechi timpuri, la care ne-am referit în mai multe publicații personale anterioare. În prezentul articol vom analiza evoluția dreptului privat în Republica Moldova. Dreptul privat constituie una dintre subdiviziunile fundamentale ale științei dreptului în ansamblu. La nivelul Republicii Moldova, subdiviziunea în cauză reprezintă un specific distinct în contextul în care: (i) este stratificat în numeroase ramuri de drept și (ii) constituie o simbioză a mai multor legislații private naționale, supranaționale și internaționale care corespund tendințelor moderne de evoluție a relațiilor sociale aferente. Una dintre principalele ramuri de drept privat autohton este dreptul civil, or anume normele tangente ramurii de drept în cauză reglementează un număr considerabil de raporturi sociale variate din punct de vedere a structurii.Item ASIGURAREA SIGURANȚEI PERSOANEI ŞI SECURITĂȚII UMANE CA CONDIȚIE A SUCCESULUI PROCESULUI DE DEMOCRATIZARE(CEP USM, 2021-12-08) Sprincean, Serghei; Sohoțchi, Tudorița-Sanda; Crețu, IonThe process of democratization means a positive trend in the field of deepening political freedoms and rights as parts of general human rights, closely linked to the ex- pansion of the social pool and public acceptance of the decision-making process. Under these conditions, a robust system for ensuring person’s safety and human security in society is an important fundamental support for maintaining an upward trajectory of socio-political reforms in order to deepen and root in the transitional society of the traditions specific to democracy. The democratization of society cannot be possible wi- thout ensuring the security and safety of the person, and only this condition provides a sufficient motivation for the person’s involvement as a citizen in public affairs, in the decision-making process, in political competition, etc. In the same context, human secu- rity cannot ignore its most strategic goal - to educate both the person and the masses, to induce and shape, through amplification and multiplication, the fundamental human qualities and virtues that underlie the basis of the progress of the security field in the broadest possible sense, but also the basis of social progress, in the broadest sense of the word.Item PREMISE SECURITARE ALE INTEGRĂRII EUROPENE ŞI MODERNIZĂRII POLITICE A REPUBLICII MOLDOVA(CEP,USM, 2021-12-08) Sprincean, Serghei; Mitrofanov, Ghenadie; Popovici, Dan;The issue of the international association of the Republic of Moldova is a rather con- troversial and disputed topic in the scientific community since it raises many questions regarding the appropriateness of applying multiple schemes, perspectives and approa- ches to assess the risks, threats and benefits to the security, stability and well-being of the Republic of Moldova. in the short term, as well as in the medium and long term. Numerous aspects that potentially affect the human security of the population of the Republic of Moldova become major concerns in the context of the strategic choice of the vector of the foreign policy of the Republic of Moldova, as a result of the association with one of the existing geopolitical blocs. The competition and rivalry, to a certain extent, between these geostrategic blocs, to which the Republic of Moldova is attracted, presuppose a different spectrum of benefits and risks for the population of the Republic of Moldova. The option of associating the Republic of Moldova with the European Union offers numerous benefits of modernization, increase of well-being, stability and strengthening of security, including human, correlated with low risks at the level of delegation of some coordination functi- ons, offered to some community structures.Item ASPECTE ȘI PARTICUlARITĂȚI PRIVIND RECUNOAȘTEREA ȘI EXECUTAREA HOTĂRÂRIlOR ARBITRAJElOR COMERCIAlE INTERNAȚIONAlE PE TERITORIUl REPUBlICII MOlDOVA(2018) Lazăr, DianaBarometrul eficacității arbitrajului comercial internațional se transpune prin efectele pe care le vor produce hotărârile arbitrale. Un standard internațional de eficacitate este garantat de Convenția de la New York din 1958, care însă este afectat de aplicarea neuniformă a acesteia. Adițional, punerea în executare a hotărârilor arbitrajelor comerciale internaționale în statul unde au fost pronunțate prezintă unele particularități, sub aspectul calificării acestora ca și hotărâri arbitrale străine. Această analiză cuprinde o cercetare a doctrinei și a jurisprudenței din perspectiva specificului instituției arbitrale, dar și a conceptului de „pro-eficacitate” a hotărârilor arbitrajelor comerciale internaționale.