2. Articole

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Author: search.filters.author.Vîrlan, PetruSubject: search.filters.subject.illicit enrichment

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    Aspecte juridico-penale privind subiectul îmbogățirii Ilicite: practica internațională versus Republica Moldova
    (CEP USM, 2021) Vîrlan, Petru
    The subject of the offense provided in par. (1) art. 3302 CP RM is the responsible natural person, who at the time of committing this deed reached the age of 16 years. It is necessary for the subject to have the special quality of public person or foreign public person. In essence, the subject of any crime “is recognized the person who committed an act provided by criminal law and who, based on the fact that he possesses all the signs provided by law for this category of subject, and is liable to criminal liability.”
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    OPINII REFERITOR LA ÎMBOGĂȚIREA ILICITĂ. PERSPECTIVE DE APLICABILITATE ÎN RAPORT CU OPINIA COMISIEI DE LA VENEȚIA
    (CEP USM, 2023) Vîrlan, Petru; Zagaican, Florin
    Infracțiunea de îmbogățire ilicită a fost subiect de examinare la Curtea Constituțională a Republicii Moldova (în continuare Curtea) pe diverse motive invocate de către subiecții de drept, cu privire la pretinsa neconstituționalitate a unor sintagme din dispoziția incriminată în Codul Penal al Republicii Moldova (în continuare CP). Dat fiind actuali- tatea apariției opiniei Comisiei de la Veneția am considerat această lucrare drept un ,,apropo” prin care să exprimăm opiniile în baza unor fundamente juridice bine argumentate, precum și prin prisma deciziilor Curții fiind focusate asupra argumentelor Opiniei Comisiei în raport cu argumentele Curții. În urma consultării Opiniei precum și a cadrului legal existent în vigoare în Republica Moldova, am propus modificarea dispoziției a componenței de infracțiune îmbogățire ilicită.
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    COMPATIBILITATEA ARTICOLULUI 3302 DIN CODUL PENAL CU PRINCIPIILE PREZUMȚIEI NEVINOVĂȚIEI
    (CEP USM, 2023) Vîrlan, Petru
    The crime of illicit enrichment is rather a novelty in the context of criminal law. Such an offense presents a relatively new legal tool compared to other corruption offenses for law enforcement to deal with people who acquire property in a dubious manner. At the same time, the new crime of illicit enrichment presents significant challenges for criminal prosecution bodies, as well as for the courts that examine such crimes. First of all, the incrimination techniques and the legal formulation of the offense are new and raise questions at the time of its application. In addition, doubts and questions regarding the concordance of the fundamental principles of the criminal procedure, concerns regarding the respect of fundamental human rights as well as problems of balance between the rights of the accused and the right of society to recover illegally acquired wealth. The relationship of illicit enrichment to other criminal acts committed by the same accused is also of great importance in establishing the sources of such enrichment.
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    LATURA OBIECTIVĂ A INFRACȚIUNII DE ÎMBOGĂȚIRE ILICITĂ: DEFICIENȚE DE APLICABILITATE
    (CEP USM, 2022) Vîrlan, Petru
    The topicality and importance of the objective side of the crime of illicit enrichment is regulated by the conditions required by the criminal law for the existence of the act of criminal behavior, which is a fundamental condition for the application of criminal liability. However, we will analyze the issue of the objective side of the crimes attached to art. 3302 "Illicit enrichment" of the Criminal Code. This is because they have replaced the means of fighting corruption in the public sector. However, after this clarification, he deduces that: the objective side of the illicit enrichment present in art.3302 CP RM is transformed into the prejudicial act expressed in the action of possession of the goods if their value substantially exceeds the acquired means and was found, based on evidence that they could not be obtained illegally. In general, in the process of formulating the content of the crime of illicit enrichment, the legislator had the opportunity to plead between two different approaches. He could define prohibited conduct as an omission or as an action.