2. Articole

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Author: search.filters.author.Botnaru, StelaHas files: Yes

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    Riscurile criminalității la adresa statului de drept
    (CEP USM, 2024) Botnaru, Stela; Miron, Adriana
    Crime,criminality and their threats, as well as the fight to prevent and combat them, are complex and mutidisciplinary concepts that involve multiple conceptual and operational approaches, from the social, legal, political, criminological, logicalsystem perspective. Although, the measures have intensified and the interventions of the conditions of an economic-financial crisis that has not ended, there has been a high multiplication of illegal acts commited in the social, economic-financial field, banking, including blackmail, corruption even with a lot of violence and aggressivity. Acts of high crime commited through violence and corruption tend to become particularly intens and dangerous for the stability and security of institutions, groups and individuals, being associated with those of organized crime, terrorism and institutionalized violence, specific to the ,,subcultures” of violence and professionalized crime.
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    Conceptul crimei ca manifest bazat pe promovarea ideilor politice
    (CEP USM, 2024) Botnaru, Stela
    It is a well-known fact that the criminals’ motivation is a very complex phenomenon that includes financial, political, ideological, and philosophical aspects. One of the most severe crimes is based on the criminal’s tendency to promote his own vision of the aspects related to the social, economic, and political order. The concept of crime as a “manifesto” describes the offenses committed by criminals for the promotion of their philosophy. Especially, the committing of political crimes manifests in the murder of the political leaders and their supporters. One of the examples of such crimes is the Russian political terrorism of the final XIX century. In this study, we aim to analyze the concept of political terrorism through the prism of criminology, criminals’ intentions, causes, and consequences for the whole society.
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    CORUPȚIA CA FACTOR DETERMINANT AL ÎNCĂLCĂRII DREPTURILOR OMULUI
    (CEP USM, 2023) Botnaru, Stela; Pozneacova, Veronica
    Corupția reprezintă un fenomen negativ prezent în mai multe sfere ale vieții sociale a Republicii Moldova. În conformitate cu datele statistice prezentate de către CNA, printre cele mai afectate domenii se numără în special sistemul judecătoresc și organele de drept, instituțiile publice centrale și locale, precum și sfera educației și sănătății publice. Prezența sistematică a actelor de corupție afectează direct respectarea drepturilor fundamentale ale omului, precum accesul liber la justiție, dreptul la sănătate și dreptul la educație. În cadrul studiului dat ne propunem să analizăm statutul subiecților care comit acte de corupție, instituțiile în care este prezent acest fenomen, percepția cetățenilor cu privire la impactul actelor de corupție asupra respectării drepturilor omului. Scopul cercetării se rezumă la stabilirea impactului actului de corupție asupra gradului de respectare a drepturilor omului în Republica Moldova prin analiza datelor statistice prezentate de către CNA, Oficiul Avocatului Poporului și ONG.
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    ANALIZA HOTĂRÂRII CtEDO DE CONSTATARE A ÎNCĂLCĂRII ART.3 DE CĂTRE REPUBLICA MOLDOVA PRIN NEINTERVENȚIA ÎN CAZUL VIOLENȚEI ÎN FAMILIE
    (CEP USM, 2023) Botnaru, Stela; Pozneacova, Veronica
    Domestic violence is a common problem in practice in all countries of the world. It manifests in different forms, starting with physical violence, psychological violence and ending with economic violence. The European Court of Human Rights qualifies the application of domestic violence as a violation of art. 2 (right to life), art. 3 (right not to be subjected to torture, inhuman or degrading treatment or punishment), art. 6 (right to a fair trial), art. 8 (right to private and family life) and art. 14 (prohibition of discrimination). In this study, we would like to analyse the regional standards in the area of prevention of domestic violence, the positive obligations of the states, mentioned in the ECtHR case law, the violations found in the case Munteanu v. Republic of Moldova and the current situation in the Republic of Moldova in the domain of domestic violence.
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    INDIVIDUALIZAREA INFRACȚIUNII DE VIOLARE DE DOMICILIU DE ALTE INFRACȚIUNI CONEXE
    (CEP USM, 2020) Botnaru, Stela; Popa, Gheorghe
    The need to establish criminal liability for home violence is dictated by the social importance that constitutional law has on the inviolability of the domicile and the reports that are formed in the exercise of this right.In its turn, the European Community has adopted the European Convention on Human Rights which, in Article 8, paragraph 1, enshrines the right of the individual to have a place of residence, that is to say a freely chosen place, where to live his personal life without the unwanted interference side of others.The private life of any person develops through regular reports at his / her home, the space where he / she is performing under the most intimate one.
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    VIZIUNEA DOCTRINEI EUROPENE MODERNE ASUPRA APLICĂRII LEGII PENALE ÎN TIMP: CONCEPTUL ȘI TIPURILE CONFLICTELOR
    (CEP USM, 2020) Botnaru, Stela; Pădure, Drăgălin
    In the limits of this scientific message the authors do their best to research modern European doctrine approach concerning the problem of application of Criminal law in time. In order to achieve this scope, there have been elaborated the concept of conflicts the Criminal Law is dealing with, and have analyzed the basic types of it. In the realm of this study the authors have exemplified rules of the favourable and unfavourable law identification.As a result, several scientific conclusions were formulated being suggested to improve the model doctrine of the Substantive Criminal Law.
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    ASPECTE DE TEORIE ȘI PRACTICĂ ÎN MATERIA LEGITIMEI APĂRĂRI
    (CEP USM, 2020) Botnaru, Stela; Șaporda, Ecaterina
    Self- defense is one of the circumstances that eliminate the criminal nature of an act and represents the fundamental right guaranteed to all citizens. Currently, this institution is regulated by art.36 of the Criminal Code of the Republic of Moldova; however, an actual problem in both theory and practice remains to be the limits of self-defense as a legal defense. The purpose of the present study is to analyze the legal regulation of the self-defense in accordance with the Criminal Code of the Republic of Moldova, to research the theoretical studies in this field and to establish the main problems that occur in the judicial practice in applying the legal norms on self-defense.
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    VALORI ŞI CONCEPTE TEORETICE ÎN APARIŢIA ŞI EVOLUŢIA DREPTULUI PENAL
    (CEP USM, 2014) Botnaru, Stela; Polisca, Cezara-Elena
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    LOCUL SĂVÂRŞIRII INFRACŢIUNII
    (CEP USM, 2014) Botnaru, Stela