2. Articole
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Item CRYSTALLINE STRUCTURE, SURFACE MORPHOLOGY AND OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF NANOLAMELLAR COMPOSITES OBTAINED BY INTERCALATION OF InSe WITH Cd(2015) Untila, Dumitru; Caraman, Iuliana; Evtodiev, Igor; Canțer, Valeriu; Spalatu, Nicolae; Leontie, Liviu; Dmitroglo, Liliana; Luchian, EfimiaA material composed of InSe and CdSe crystallites was obtained by heat treatment at 753K of InSe single crystalline plates in Cd vapour for 3÷24 hours. The average diameters of CdSe and InSe crystallites determined from diffraction lines analysis are respectively equal to 20 nm and 22 nm. The photoluminescence spectra at 300K and 80K of composite decompose well into two Gaussian curves, one is in good correlation with the photoluminescence of CdSe crystals and the other is shifted to higher energies than the width of the band gap of CdSe crystals.Item PHOTOELECTRICAL PROPERTIES OF LAYERED GaS SINGLE CRYSTALS AND RELATED STRUCTURES(2008) Caraman, Mihail; Chiricenco, Valentina; Leontie, Liviu; Rusu, Ioan I.The photoconductivity of pure and Cu-doped layered gallium monosulfide (GaS) single crystals, and of Ni–GaS(Cu)–In and GaS(Cu)–ZnO structures, is investigated. The activation energies of surface states were found as 0.10 eV, 0.40 eV and 17 meV, 400 meV for GaS and GaS(Cu), respectively. Cu acceptor levels are localized at 0.44 eV and 0.52 eV above the valence band of GaS. ZnO–GaS(Cu) heterojunctions show remarkable photosensitivity in the wavelength range of 250–700 nm.Item STUDY OF GENERATION-RECOMBINATION PROCESSES OF NON- EQUILIBRIUM CHARGE CARRIERS IN SINGLE CRYSTALLINE THIN GaSe(Cu) FILMS(2006) Cuculescu, Elmira; Evtodiev, Igor; Caraman, Mihail; Leontie, LiviuThe generation-recombination processes of non-equilibrium charge carriers in undoped and Cu-doped (in the range 0.1-0.5 at.%.) single crystalline GaSe films with thickness d in the range 1.5-225 μm are investigated. Cu doping of GaSe crystals up to 0.5 at.% leads to an increase of electrical conductivity by over 4 orders of magnitude, as well to enhancement of impurity luminescence band (PL) and extension of photoconductivity spectral range. By studying PL and photonductivity spectra, for different excitation (photon) energies in temperature range (78-420) K, energies of localized states due to both Cu and accidental impurities are determined. By analysing temperature dependence of electrical conductivity and photoconductivity for undoped and Cu-doped films, the activation energy of acceptor levels in doped films was determined as 0.058 and 0.025 eV. Increasing Cu doping from 0.1 to 0.5 at.%. results in decreasing energy of acceptor levels up to ∼0.02 eV. By analysing the impurity absorption and photoconduction at 78 K the energy of acceptor levels was determined as 12-15 meV greater than previously evaluated, depending on Cu concentration. For films with d<5 μm, the surface states concentration increased for Cu doping over 0.3 at.%.Item ON THE PHOTOCONDUCTIVITY OF Bi2 O3 IN THIN FILMS(2000) Leontie, Liviu; Caraman, Mihail; Rusu, Gheorghe IoanThe spectral characteristics of photoconductivity for Bi2 O3 thin films were investigated. The films were prepared by thermal oxidation in air of Bi evaporated films. As revealed by X-ray diffraction and polarizing microscopy studies, polycrystalline and multiphasic films were obtained. From the photoconductivity spectral curves, the bandgap energy values were determined, by using the Moss criterion. The influence of oxidation (preparation) conditions on the Eg values is discussed. The photoconductivity of Al-Bi 2 O3 -Al, Cu-Bi 2 O3 -Cu and Al- Bi 2 O3-In 2 O3 structures is also investigated.Item COMPOSITION AND SURFACE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF GASE:EU CRYSTALS BEFORE AND AFTER HEAT TREATMENT(2024) Sprincean, Veaceslav; Haoyi, Qiu; Tjardts, Tim; Lupan, Oleg; Untila, Dumitru; Aktas, Oral Cenk; Adelung, Rainer; Leontie, Liviu; Cârlescu, Aurelian; Gurlui, Silviu; Caraman, MihailThis work studies the technological preparation conditions, morphology, structural char- acteristics and elemental composition, and optical and photoluminescent properties of GaSe single crystals and Eu-doped β–Ga2O3 nanoformations on ε–GaSe:Eu single crystal substrate, obtained by heat treatment at 750–900 ◦C, with a duration from 30 min to 12 h, in water vapor-enriched atmosphere, of GaSe plates doped with 0.02–3.00 at. % Eu. The defects on the (0001) surface of GaSe:Eu plates serve as nucleation centers of β–Ga2O3:Eu crystallites. For 0.02 at. % Eu doping, the fundamental absorption edge of GaSe:Eu crystals at room temperature is formed by n = 1 direct excitons, while at 3.00 at. % doping, Eu completely shields the electron–hole bonds. The band gap of nanostructured β–Ga2O3:Eu layer, determined from diffuse reflectance spectra, depends on the dopant concentration and ranges from 4.64 eV to 4.87 eV, for 3.00 and 0.05 at. % doping, respectively. At 0.02 at. % doping level, the PL spectrum of ε–GaSe:Eu single crystals consists of the n = 1 exciton band, together with the impurity band with a maximum intensity at 800 nm. Fabry–Perrot cavities with a width of 9.3 μm are formed in these single crystals, which determine the interference structure of the impurity PL band. At 1.00–3.00 at. % Eu concentrations, the PL spectra of GaSe:Eu single crystals and β–Ga2O3:Eu nanowire/nanolamellae layers are determined by electronic transitions of Eu2+ and Eu3+ ions.Item OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF p-GaSe SINGLE CRYSTALS DOPED WITH Te(2009) Evtodiev, Igor; Leontie, Liviu; Caraman, Mihail; Stamate, Marius D.; Aramă, EfimOptical absorption in the region of fundamental absorption edge and photoluminescence at 78 and 293 K of p-GaSe crystals doped with Te 0.05, 0.10, and 0.05 at. % have been studied. At low concentrations 0.05 at. %, Te atoms liquidate structural defects in GaSe single crystals and modify their excitonic absorption and photoluminescence. For increased concentrations of 0.10 and 0.50 at. %, Te creates impurity states responsible for the red shift of the fundamental absorption edge of GaSe and appearance of new photoluminescence bands, B at 2.000 eV and C at 1.700 eV. The activation energies of the thermal quenching of Te-related PL bands B and C was found to be 28 and 32 meV for T 150 K and 84 and 62 meV for T 150 K, respectively.Item PHOTOLUMINESCENCE PROPERTIES OF LAMELLAR NANO-COMPOSITES OBTAINED BY Cd INTERCALATION OF GaSe AND GaSe:Eu SINGLE CRYSTALS(2015) Untila, Dumitru; Cantser, Valeriu; Caraman, Mihail; Evtodiev, Igor; Leontie, Liviu; Dmitroglo, LilianaIn this work surface morphology, composition and photo- luminescence at 293 K and 78 K, of composite obtained by intercalation of GaSe and GaSe:Eu (0.49 at.% and 1.00 at.%) single crystal lamellas with Cd from vapor phase at 753 K and 830 K are investigated. As-obtained composite consists of CdSe and microstructured GaSe single crystallites. Photoluminescence spectrum of GaSe:Eu single crystal lamellas is composed of Eu3+ emission band 5 7 5 7 0 1 0 2( ,D F D FÆ Æ , and 5 7 1 3D FÆ transitions) and indirect exciton line in GaSe crystallites. Emission spectrum of single crystalline GaSe−CdSe composite, at 78 K and 293 K, consists of donor-acceptor band in GaSe microcrystallites and emission band of CdSe crystallites. Composite derived from the intercala- tion of GaSe:Eu (0.49 at.%) single crystals with Cd ex- hibits strong visible luminescence. Its quasi-continuous photoluminescence spectrum is produced by superposi- tion of luminescent emissions of CdSe nano- and mi- croparticles, and microstructured GaSe.Item OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF BISMUTH OXIDE THIN FILMS PREPARED BY REACTIVE D.C. MAGNETRON SPUTTERING ONTO p-GaSe (Cu)(2008) Leontie, Liviu; Caraman, Mihail; Evtodiev, Igor; Cuculescu, Elmira; Mija, AnaBismuth oxide (Bi2O3) thin films with thickness in the range 20 – 160 nm have been deposited by d.c. reactive magnetron sputtering of Bi in an atmosphere Ar : O2 (1 : 1), onto single crystalline p-GaSe (Cu) substrates. The optical constants, n and k, of oxide films have been determined from the analysis of the polarization ellipse of the reflected radiation from outer surface of Bi2O3/p-GaSe structures. In the wavelength range 400 – 800 nm the refractive index of nanometric Bi2O3 films onto GaSe(Cu) decreases from 2.10 to 1.78 and it seen to in- crease at decreasing sample thickness. In order to determine the interaction mechanism between semiconducting oxide film and GaSe surface, the spectral characteristics of photocurrent through Bi2O3/p-GaSe junc- tion and optical absorption in the range 400 – 800 nm have been examined. As resulted from respective analyses, Bi2O3 film generates new valence bonds, which contribute to the in- crease in the density of localized states at Bi2O3/p-GaSe (Cu) junction interface.Item PHOTOELECTRIC AND PHOTOLUMINESCENCE PROPERTIES OF CdTe–GaTe COMPOSITE(2016) Caraman, Iuliana; Spalatu, Nicolae; Evtodiev, Igor; Untila, Dumitru; Leontie, Liviu; Caraman, MihailA GaTe–CdTe composite was obtained by thermal treatment at 1020 K of GaTe single crystals in Cd vapor atmosphere. The composite photoluminescence, photoconductivity, and com- position are studied in this work. The photosensitivity and photoluminescence band structure are determined for both the primary crystals and the composite. The CdTe crystallites create, in the GaTe bandgap, recombination and trapping levels, which determine the structure of the photoluminescence spectra and the spectral range of composite photosensitivity. The photoluminescence spectrum of the composite at 80 K contains characteristic bands of both composite components, GaTe and CdTe. From the analysis of thermally stimulated luminescence curves, the energies of the electron trapping levels in the composite are determined.Item OPTICAL AND PHOTOSENSITIVE PROPERTIES OF FLEXIBLE n (p)–InSe/In2O3 HETEROJUNCTIONS(2022) Sprincean, Veaceslav; Leontie, Liviu; Caraman, Iuliana; Untila, Dumitru; Girtan, Mihaela; Gurlui, Silviu; Lisnic, Petru; Doroftei, Corneliu; Cârlescu, Aurelian; Iaconi, Felicia; Caraman, MihailIn this work, optical, including photoluminescence and photosensitivity, characteristics of micrometer-sized flexible n (p)–InSe/In2O3 heterojunctions, obtained by heat treatment of single- crystalline InSe plates doped with (0.5 at.%) Cd (Sn), in a water-vapor- and oxygen-enriched at- mosphere, are investigated. The Raman spectrum of In2O3 layers on an InSe:Sn substrate, in the wavelength range of 105–700 cm−1, contains the vibration band characteristic of the cubic (bcc-In2O3) phase. As revealed by EDX spectra, the In2O3 layer, ~2 μm thick, formed on InSe:Cd contains an ~18% excess of atomic oxygen. The absorption edge of InSe:Sn (Cd)/In2O3 structures was stud- ied by ultraviolet reflectance spectroscopy and found to be 3.57 eV and ~3.67 eV for InSe:Cd and InSe:Sn substrates, respectively. By photoluminescence analysis, the influence of doping impuri- ties on the emission bands of In2O3:Sn (Cd) was revealed and the energies of dopant-induced and oxygen-induced levels created by diffusion into the InSe layer from the InSe/In2O3 interface were determined. The n (p)–InSe/In2O3 structures display a significantly wide spectral range of photosen- sitivity (1.2–4.0 eV), from ultraviolet to near infrared. The influence of Cd and Sn concentrations on the photosensitivity and recombination of nonequilibrium charge carriers in n (p)–InSe layers from the heterojunction interface was also studied. The as-obtained nanosized InSe/In2O3 structures are suitable for optoelectronic applications.