2. Articole

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    Current Trends in Nanomaterials for Metal Oxide-Based Conductometric Gas Sensors: Advantages and Limitations—Part 2: Porous 2D Nanomaterials [Articol]
    (2023) Korotcenkov, Ghenadii; Tolstoy, Valeri P.
    This article discusses the features of the synthesis and application of porous two-dimensional nanomaterials in developing conductometric gas sensors based on metal oxides. It is concluded that using porous 2D nanomaterials and 3D structures based on them is a promising approach to improving the parameters of gas sensors, such as sensitivity and the rate of response. The limitations that may arise when using 2D structures in gas sensors intended for the sensor market are considered.
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    Portable electronic nodes for a sensor network [Articol]
    (Editura USM, 2024) Maslova, Tatiana; Bîrnaz, Adrian; Lupan, Oleg
    To capitalize on the research on metal oxide-based sensors that is being intensively studied by our research team, there is a need to connect these sensors into devices capable of receiving, storing and, if necessary, transmitting measured data. We are also investigating the mechanics of sensor detection using chemistry and applied physics. To achieve this goal, there are some impediments that must be overcome, such as the method of data acquisition, the power consumed by the device, the stability over time with a subsequent correction, the distance to which measured data will be transmitted and others. Another aspect is the size and portability of these devices with built-in sensors. This paper presents some concepts that provide solutions to the problems presented. These devices are important for monitoring environmental parameters with application in agriculture, cellars, production halls. Another possible use is to incorporate them into drones, which will potentially increase their mobility and detection range.
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    Utilizarea dronelor în procesele educaționale [Articol]
    (Editura USM, 2024) Savva, Marianna
    The development of information and communication technologies is gradually replacing traditional teaching in a training context. Widely used, these technologies make teaching and learning successful and interesting for both trainees and trainers. Given the rapid evolution of new technologies, the use of drones in education has a very high impact, especially in science, technology, engineering and mathematics (STEAM). The integration of ICT in teaching and learning processes requires trainers to acquire a certain level of different skills to cope with all the challenges associated with their integration in educational processes. Drones called flying robots, including unmanned aerial vehicles (UAV) that can travel thousands of kilometers, or fly in confined spaces, have very recently expanded in educational environments, attracting significant attention due to their potential to support learning, and are considered as an alternative educational strategy for innovating learning environments and contexts.
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    Micro and nanocomposites of gallium oxides and chalcogens as radiation receivers and gas sensors [Articol]
    (Editura USM, 2024) Sprincean, Veaceslav; Caraman, Mihail
    By thermal treatment (TT) in water vapor atmosphere at 750 ℃ and 900 ℃ of β-GaS and εGaSe single-crystalline wafers, Ga2S3/Ga2Se3 - GaS/GaSe and β-Ga2O3 - GaSe/GaSe layers formed by nanowires and nanopangles photosensitive in the far Ultra-Violet (UVC) region were obtained. The electrical conductivity of β-Ga2O3 layer on GaS/GaSe substrate increases under the influence of water vapor. The link between the relative humidity of water vapor in the atmosphere and the electrical conductivity of the β-Ga2O3 layer was established.
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    Utilizarea tehnologiilor avansate în fenotiparea plantelor și studiul unor procese metabolice la soiurile autohtone de soia (Glycine max (L.) Merrill.) [Articol]
    (Editura USM, 2024) Bîrsan, Ana; Sprincean, Veaceslav; Savva, Marianna; Ganea, Ion; Guțu, Costel; Iacubuță, Maria; Paladi, Florentin
    Modern agriculture calls for the identification of efficient tools in plant phenotyping and the study of metabolic processes. CO2 sensors have been shown to be effective in the study of the gaseous metabolism of plants, subjected to abiotic stress, at various stages of growth and development, being easier to use compared to classical chemical methods and providing more accurate data. The use of CO2 sensors allowed the establishment of differences in the respiratory activity of rhizobacteria from the nodules of soybean varieties with different resistance to abiotic stress. Multispectral sensors provide data of real help in the phenotyping of agricultural crops, in establishing the physiological state of plants at different stages of development, but also in identifying field problems, demonstrating opportunities for their use in monitoring agricultural fields and improving the quality of agro-ecosystem services. Phenotyping with the help of hyper/multispectral imaging allows obtaining valuable, high precision scientific results with reference to plant health.
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    Semnificația dezvoltării sustenabile a proiectelor inovative de afaceri [Articol]
    (Editura USM, 2024) Jalencu, Marian
    The sustainable development of innovative business projects plays a key role in ensuring a balance between economic growth and environmental protection. This article explores the long-term impact of integrating sustainable practices into business innovation strategies, analyzing the associated benefits and challenges. The study emphasizes the importance of sustainability as a competitive factor, highlighting how it can lead to improved organizational reputation and the creation of a strategic advantage. The research methodology includes the analysis of case studies from various economic sectors and the assessment of environmental and economic performance indicators. The conclusions emphasize the need to adapt business models to meet sustainability requirements, thus contributing to a greener and more sustainable economy.
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    Integration of digital technologies into agricultural education in the northern development region of the Republic of Moldova [Articol]
    (Editura USM, 2024) Bodrug, Ion; Cebanu, Dorin; Pascari, Serghei; Petic, Mircea
    The article presents the purpose, description of activities, and key achievements of the project "EduTech-Agro-Nord: Agricultural Technological Education for the North," implemented by ACETI in collaboration with the members of the DIH of Moldova. The project aims to integrate digital technologies into agricultural education in the Northern Development Region of the Republic of Moldova. The focus is on familiarizing students with innovative technologies used in agriculture to strengthen their interest in the agricultural field and to develop this sector by preparing young specialists at the level demanded by the market. Another relevant objective is to facilitate relationships between vocational and technical institutions and research institutions in the agricultural field by engaging young people in corresponding activities, with the support of companies providing innovative digital services within the DIH of Moldova.
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    Particularităţi ale implementării standardelor de referinţă în evaluarea conformităţii calității apei [Articol]
    (Editura USM, 2024) Dmitroglo, Liliana; Gurău, Virginia; Leca, Ludmila
    The basic particularities of the reference standards implementation in conformity assessment bodies involved in the assessment of water quality are analyzed. The particularities related to both the type of conformity assessment bodies and the reference standards, as well as the need to implement European standards in the assessment of water quality conformity, are highlighted.
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    Ecological techniques for stimulating plant germination at subatmospheric pressures and carbon nanoclusters [Articol]
    (Editura USM, 2024) Moşneaga, Alisa; Lozovanu, Petru
    This study examined the impact of ecological stimulation on wheat and maize seeds under low-pressure conditions, using a composite material with C20-C60 carbon nanoclusters. Seeds harvested in 2022 and maintained under standard conditions showed significant improvements compared to the control group when subjected to combined biostimulation at reduced pressure and immersion in a carbon nanocluster solution. Germination time was shortened, with germination capacity increasing by 35% for Zea mays L. and 15% for Triticum aestivum L. These findings suggest that nanotechnology could enhance seed performance, supporting sustainable agriculture and meeting the rising demand for healthy, sustainably produced food.
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    Procedeu de inactivare a agenților patogeni sub acțiunea UVC cu aplicare în implantologie [Articol]
    (Editura USM, 2024) Munteanu, Ion
    At the present time, a special attention is given to the large-scale using of implant treatments. Modern implants have a good rate of success, reliability and longevity, they are minimally invasive, delicate and resistant. Due to the development of some forms of pathogens at the implant-tissue contact, there are situations of poor adhesion of the implant surface to the organic tissue. The application of chemical or surgical methods in such situations are difficult. But in order to solve these phenomena, new techniques are needed to be implemented. That why it is proposed to apply ultraviolet radiation on the optical system (photonic crystals and photonic fiber crystals) of modern implants to treat the infection that can appear on the surface between the implant and the cellular tissue in the process of poor adhesion. These combinations of periodic quartz optical structures are deposited and regularly arranged (set of fibers or spheres) on the implant surface, which can be used as a large volume dispersion of ultraviolet C radiation to treat the infection at the surface between the implant and adhesion tissue. The proposed periodic optical structure contributes considerably to increasing the adhesion of the implant to the cellular tissue, thus stimulating cellular growth between the elements and the implant.