2. Articole

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Author: search.filters.author.Batiru, GrigoriiHas files: Yes

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    Evaluation of mid-parent and best-parent heterosis for grain yield in selected maize inbred lines [Articol]
    (Editura USM, 2025) Cojocari, Dumitru; Bounegru, Serghei; Batiru, Grigorii
    Maize (Zea mays L.) is a major crop with global importance for food, feed, and industry. Improving yield through hybrid breeding remains a key objective, and heterosis plays a central role in achieving superior performance. This study evaluated mid-parent heterosis (MPH) and best-parent heterosis (BPH) for grain yield in 19 maize hybrids derived from genetically diverse inbred lines. Field experiments were conducted in 2024 near Cucuruzeni, Orhei district, Republic of Moldova, under chernozem soil conditions and moderate drought stress. A partial diallel mating design was used, and trials were arranged in a randomized incomplete block design with two replications. Yield was measured at harvest, and heterosis was calculated using standard formulas. Results revealed significant variability, with MPH ranging from 33.7% to 76.3% and BPH from 13.3% to 71.6%. The hybrid 2110 × 2126 showed the highest yield and BPH, while 2132 × 2127 had the highest MPH. The findings confirm the role of non-additive gene effects and highlight promising parental combinations for future hybrid development.
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    Use of biofortification principles in developing a maize germplasm collection [Articol]
    (Editura USM, 2025) Batiru, Grigorii; Comarova, Galina
    This study explores the application of biofortification principles in developing a maize genetic collection with specific germplasm aimed at improving nutritional traits. The main objective was to evaluate and classify 174 maize genotypes based on their genetic potential for enhanced nutrient content using traditional and modern breeding tools. The research was conducted at the Laboratory of Applied Genetics and Biotechnology, Technical University of Moldova. A comprehensive methodological framework was employed, including classical selection, induced mutagenesis, polyploidization, haploidization, and molecular diagnostics. The results revealed a significant proportion of genotypes carrying key endosperm mutations such as o2, su1, wx1, and fl2, with 31% of the collection exhibiting double recessive combinations. Additionally, 9 lines and 15 hybrids were successfully converted into tetraploids. The study confirms the potential of these genotypes as valuable breeding material for biofortification. The genetic collection developed represents a strategic resource for enhancing the nutritional quality of maize and contributes to advancing sustainable agriculture and food security.