2. Articole
Permanent URI for this collectionhttps://msuir.usm.md/handle/123456789/48
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Item Instituții și procese educațional-culturale în viața cotidiană din RSSM (anii 1970-1980)(CEP USM, 2024) Nosatîi, AnatolieÎn anii 1970 și 1980, educația, cultura, religia și sportul în RSS Moldovenească au fost profund impregnate de propaganda sovietică, modelând aproape fiecare aspect al vieții de zi cu zi. Perioada respectivă este marcată de promovarea forțată a conceptului de „moldovenism” ca identitate etnică, impusă de autoritățile sovietice pentru întărirea controlului asupra populației. În timp ce elita culturală a adus contribuții semnificative la literatură, artă și educație, aceste eforturi au fost sub strictă supraveghere a Partidului Comunist. Religia a fost puternic suprimată, statul lucrând activ pentru a-i diminua influența. Educația, sportul, alte activități sociale au fost utilizate ca instrumente atât pentru dezvoltarea fizică, cât și pentru îndoctrinarea ideologică. În ciuda controlului generalizat de stat, a existat un acces tot mai mare la realizările culturale, atât interne, cât și internaționale. Această epocă a marcat un apogeu în participarea culturală însă constrângerile regimului autoritar au dus la o scădere a calității educației și la restrângerea libertății creative.Item FENOMENUL MUZICII DE DANS A ANILOR 1980, ÎN BAZA MĂRTURIILOR STUDENŢILOR DIN RSS MOLDOVENEASCĂ(Lexon-Prim, 2023) Șclearuc, SorinRegardless of the country or historical period, dance occupies a central place in the lives of young people, this being not only a way to have fun but also a form of communication and social manifestation. In this article, is examined the impact of dance music from the 1980s on youth culture and society in general, based on the testimonies of students of the period from the Moldovan SSR, namely from the Moldova State University, State Pedagogical University „Ion Creangă ” and the College of Medicine from Bălţi. The testimonies of the students of the Moldovan SSR reveal how dance music and discotheques influenced the fashion, attitudes and lifestyle of the youth of that time. The dance music phenomenon of the 1980s had a significant impact in the Moldovan SSR, marking a shift from traditional to modern values, to a culture of freedom and individuality Through the testimonies of the students, this article offers a perspective on an important moment in the cultural history of the Moldovan SSR.Item 1956: CONTROVERSE LINGVISTICE LA INSTITUTUL PEDAGOGIC DIN CHIȘINĂU(2020) Rotaru, LilianaIn this study, the author analyses the linguistic controversies that erupted at the department of ―Moldovan‖ language and literature of the State Pedagogical Institute of Chisinau during the controversial year 1956. After a few years of real linguicide promoted by I. D. Ceban, the director of the Institute of History, Language and Literature of the Moldovan Scientific Research Base of the USSR Academy of Sciences and his henchmen, de-Stalinization and Khrushchev's Thaw, allowed the ―Romanianophiles, slightly camouflaged‖ philologists, to reject the theses of the ―specifics of the Moldovan language‖ and to affirm the linguistic unity of the people that were living on both banks of the Prut, even though the Prut was just a political border. These linguistic controversies between these two opposite camps of the philologist-teachers of the department of the ―Moldovan‖ language and literature are important for the explanation of the perpetuation of Romanianism and genesis of the national movement in the 80‘s.Item PANEM ET CIRCENSES: REGIMUL SOVIETIC ŞI STUDENŢII ŞCOLILOR SUPERIOARE DIN RSS MOLDOVENEASCĂ ÎN ANII FOAMETEI (1946-1947)(2018) Rotaru, LilianaThe problem of overcoming the famine phenomenon (1946-1947) by the urban population of the Moldovan SSR remained less studied compared to the famine of the rural population, where the phenomenon was carried out with an ostentatious drama. The present study reveals the policy of the Soviet authorities towards one of the least representative demographic categories of the Moldovan cities – the students of the higher education institutions and the reasons why the Soviet authorities had a special attitude towards them in the years of famine, a study which, along with further research, completes the information about organized famine in Soviet Moldova. Based on the information from the archive files and memories of former students in the years of famine, we find that the Soviet regime was deeply concerned about the material and living conditions of students, regulating their food in the years of fa mine through several decisions of the state and party authorities. At the same time, the regime ordered the total involvement of students in political and ideological education activities, including their free time. The Soviet State had the intention to create social and national loyalties, and thus created for students, in 1946-1947, concerted conditions in order to not distract them from the process of educating the Soviet man, who later built the communist society in Moldovan SSR.Item SPECIFICUL APARIŢIEI MUZICII OCCIDENTALE ÎN RSS MOLDOVENEASCĂ ÎN BAZA MĂRTURIILOR STUDENŢILOR UNIVERSITĂŢII DE STAT DIN MOLDOVA (anii ’70 - ’80)(Lexon-Prim, 2023) Şclearuc, SorinThroughout history, various cultures have been closely interconnected, and the exchange of culture has played a crucial role. This trend was particularly prominent during the 20th century, when mass culture made significant strides. With the advent of television, radio, music, and cinema, cultural exchange accelerated at an unprecedented pace. Given the current phenomenon of globalization, the issue of foreign influences on a society's culture has become an intriguing subject for researchers in the humanities. This article aims to explore the how foreign music entered in the Moldovan SSR during the 70s and 80s based on oral testimonies the Moldova State University students, to analyze the specificities of this phenomenon and to define the relationship between foreign music, its listeners, and the communist regime.Item O INSULĂ A UTOPIEI EDUCAȚIONALE SOVIETICE: INSTITUTUL ÎNVĂȚĂTORESC DE LA SOROCA(CEP USM, 2021) Rotaru, LilianaThe history of some pedagogical higher education institutions in the Moldavian SSR, re-established and / or created by the Soviets since the second half of the 1940s, is more or less known, among them are predecessors of some universities in the Republic of Moldova. Others, however, created to cover some urgent needs of the moment, have been left out of historical knowledge and no one remembers their existence. The same happened in the case of the Teachers’ Institute from Soroca, created in 1949 to cover the shortage of teachers in the post-war period. The shortage of teachers was deepened in the end of the 1950s by the expansion of the Soviet education system in the Moldovan SSR and the transition to compulsory education of 7 classes in villages and 10 classes in Soviet Moldovan cities. The authorities have decided that by expanding the number of pedagogical higher education institutions, including by creating the Soroca Teacher Training Institute, they will be able to alleviate the crisis of teachers in the Moldavian SSR. The Teachers’ Institute in Soroca had an ephemeral existence. For five years, as it existed, it produced several hundred teachers for grades V-VII, but still did not contribute to reducing the shortage of teachers in Soviet Moldova, becoming an island of socialist utopia. Created on a virgin land in terms of the tradition of higher education, given the lack of qualified teaching and scientific staff, but also a pool for recruiting potential students, the institution was abolished in 1954. Based on unpublished documents, the author, in addition to restoring the short history of the Teachers’ Institute from Soroca, tries to decipher the goals pursued by the regime by opening these higher education institutions in the northern part of the Moldovan SSR, where less than 50 km there is a pedagogical institute - the one from Bălți.