2. Articole
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Item POLITICA LINGVISTICĂ – INSTRUMENT DE INGINERIE NAȚIONALĂ ÎN ÎNVĂȚĂMÂNTUL SUPERIOR DIN RSSM(Bons Offices, 2024) Rotaru, LilianaItem „ATMOSFERA MORALĂ ȘI PSIHOLOGICĂ” ÎN MEDIUL STUDENȚESC ÎN FAZA DE GERMINARE A MIŞCĂRII DE RENAŞTERE NAŢIONALĂ ÎN RSSM(2022) Rotaru, LilianaThe context created by the premises and evolution of the national revival Movement and the delayed restructuring of the Soviet higher education stimulated the civic activism and the involvement of the „easily inflamma- ble collective” of students in the events taking place in the MSSR in the second half of the 80s. Students from higher education institutions of the MSSR initiated actions consistent with the general objectives of perestroika, glasnost and national reawakening even before 1988, only that their actions were small, often singular, and the most resonant were identified and promptly penalized by the “competent bodies”, who monitored the mood of the academic collectives with particular attention. Although they had a complex network of methods and instruments for monitoring the „moral atmosphere and psychology” of the students, towards the end of 1988, the party authorities lost control and the battle for the minds and spirits of the students, they demonstrating civic and political maturity in the events of November 1988.Item RĂZBOIUL DIRECTORILOR” MUZEULUI NAȚIONAL DE ISTORIE NATURALĂ DIN CHIȘINĂU LA ÎNCEPUTUL ANILOR’30(Lexon-Prim, 2022) Rotaru, Liliana; Ciobanu, Tudor; Ponomarev, AlexandrNicolae Florov (Florea), doctor of sciences from the University of Iași (1925), agrogeologist and soil science specialist of European stature, museographer, university professor (1931) and man of culture was born on December 19, 1876, in the village of Cornești, county Balti in the family of priest Pavel Florov. After a directorship of almost 10 years at the National Museum of Natural History in Chisinau, the Ministry of Public Instruction of Romania decides to replace Nicolae Florov with Teodor Porucic in the summer of 1931, a replacement, which produced an avalanche of dissatisfaction from the new director, materialized in notes, information and notifications addressed to the Chisinau police. The authors analyzed these notifications, contained in the files of the Iași Police Investigations, kept in the National Archives of Romania and the National Archives of the Republic of Moldova, and tried to unravel the causes of Teodor Porucic’s institutionalized “upsets” and the role of Nicolae Florov in their production.Item DEPOLITIZAREA ÎNVĂȚĂMÂNTULUI SUPERIOR DIN REPUBLICA MOLDOVA ȘI REABILITAREA VICTIMELOR POLITICII DE DEZNAȚIONALIZARE(CEP USM, 2022) Rotaru, LilianaThe de-ideologization and depoliticization of higher education, which accompanied the reform of the vocational school in the Soviet Union during the process of Gorbachevist restructuring, took place in the Moldovan SSR/SSR Moldova in the context of the national movement of Bessarabian Romanians. Thus, the process of giving up the ideologized and indoctrinated educational system was completed and focused on the return of Moldovan higher education to the Romanian national traditions of European origin. The return of high school to the space of national education also involved reconsidering the history and people who were victims of the policy of denationalization of higher education during the Soviet period. This policy includes the actions of moral rehabilitation of expelled students and teachers that were dismissed for "manifestations of nationalism", actions initiated in 1990-1991 by the Ministry of Science and Education Moldovan SSR/RSS Moldova. The moral rehabilitation of the students and academics expelled from high school for political reasons did not have a legal character, but it was proof of civic attitude and moral responsibility towards people who have chosen dignity over the personal interest of maintaining the social and professional status provided by the regime. These people decided to pass over the fear and to confront the regime in order to preserve their national values and traditions.Item EDUCAȚIE ȘI POLITICĂ VS. POLITICĂ ȘI EDUCAȚIE ÎN „ERA AGRARIANĂ” A REPUBLICII MOLDOVA (1994-1998)(2022) Rotaru, LilianaIn this study, the author analyzes the educational policies promoted by the agrarian government in the Republic of Moldova. The main fields of activity of the Ministry of Education of the Republic of Moldova in 1994- 1998 are identified, including legislative and regulatory initiatives in the field of education, implementation of new forms of management of the education system, inflation of universities and maneuvers in the context of the economic crisis, as well as the “offensive” of the Andrei Sangheli government (2) against the achievements of the previous government in the field of education, and especially against the Romanian history and language.Item ASPECTUL LINGVISTIC AL REFORMEI HRUȘCIOVISTE A ȘCOLII ÎN RSS MOLDOVENEASCĂ(Lexon-Prim, 2023) Rotaru, LilianaThe present study analyzes the „adjustments” of the Soviet language policy in the context of the Khrushchevist school reform of the late 1950s - early 1960s. The „School Law”, including the one voted on April 19, 1959 by the Supreme Soviet of the Moldavian SSR, which provided for the right of parents to decide „in which school with the language of instruction to enroll their children” and the „freedom” of choosing „Moldovan language” by the students studying in the school with the Russian language of instruction, reflects the policy of systematic and intentional Russification of the Soviet peoples , the Soviet regime pursuing the „complete fusion of nations” and the formation of a new historical community - the „Soviet people” for which the common language was to be Russian.Item ÎNCĂ UN INSTITUT PEDAGOGIC ÎN RSSM. DE CE LA CAHUL?(2021) Rotaru, LilianaPe baza documentelor de arhivă nepublicate, autorul restabilește istoria organizării Institutului Pedagogic Cahul, creat la institența perseverentă a autorităților locale din Cahul, stimulată de ambiția de a avea o instituție de învățământ superior în sudul RSSM. Autoritățile de la Chișinău au susținut proiectul autorităților de la Cahul, crezând că vor putea reduce din deficitul cras de învățători pentru școala medie și cea de șapte clase din sudul RSSM.Item PATRIMONIUL NOU, DAR VECHI. ȘCOLI SUPERIOARE DIN RSSM. 1940-1941(2021) Rotaru, LilianaBased on unpublished sources, the author argues that although the Soviet authorities insisted that the "Romanian bourgeois-landlord regime" deprived the Bessarabians of the possibility of pursuing vocational studies in high schools, the communist regime did nothing but rebuild and multiply after the face and likeness of the Soviets, the institutions, which, for the most part, existed in interwar Bessarabia. Also, the author proves that the material patrimony of the higher education institutions established by the Soviets between 1940-1941 on the right bank of the Dniester of the MSSR was constituted by the massive use of the material patrimony of the Romanian educational institutions that operated in Bessarabia.Item EU ÎS DE PĂRERE CĂ FIINŢAZĂ O SÂNGURĂ LIMBĂ!”: CONTROVERSE LINGVISTICE LA INSTITUTUL PEDAGOGIC DIN CHIŞINĂU(2020) Rotaru, LilianaIn this study, based on unpublished sources found in the National Archives of the Republic of Moldova, the author analyzes the linguistic dispute that erupted in the department of “Moldavian” language and literature of the Chişinău Pedagogical Institute in 1956. After a long period of real “linguicide” carried out by I.D. Ceban, director of the Institute of History, Language and Literature of the Moldavian Research Base of the USSR Academy of Sciences and his henchmen, the de-Stalinization and the Khrushchev Thaw allowed philologists, “slightly disguised Romaniaphiles”, to reject the theses about the “specificity of the Moldavian language” and affirm the linguistic unity of the people living on both banks of the Prut, although the river remained a political border. The considered linguistic contradictions between the two opposite camps of philologists from the department of “Moldavian” language and literature, as well as their consequences, are of great importance for explaining the phenomenon of preservation of national Romanian identity in theItem 1956: CONTROVERSE LINGVISTICE LA INSTITUTUL PEDAGOGIC DIN CHIȘINĂU(2020) Rotaru, LilianaIn this study, the author analyses the linguistic controversies that erupted at the department of ―Moldovan‖ language and literature of the State Pedagogical Institute of Chisinau during the controversial year 1956. After a few years of real linguicide promoted by I. D. Ceban, the director of the Institute of History, Language and Literature of the Moldovan Scientific Research Base of the USSR Academy of Sciences and his henchmen, de-Stalinization and Khrushchev's Thaw, allowed the ―Romanianophiles, slightly camouflaged‖ philologists, to reject the theses of the ―specifics of the Moldovan language‖ and to affirm the linguistic unity of the people that were living on both banks of the Prut, even though the Prut was just a political border. These linguistic controversies between these two opposite camps of the philologist-teachers of the department of the ―Moldovan‖ language and literature are important for the explanation of the perpetuation of Romanianism and genesis of the national movement in the 80‘s.