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Item DEPOLITIZAREA ÎNVĂȚĂMÂNTULUI SUPERIOR DIN REPUBLICA MOLDOVA ȘI REABILITAREA VICTIMELOR POLITICII DE DEZNAȚIONALIZARE(CEP USM, 2022) Rotaru, LilianaThe de-ideologization and depoliticization of higher education, which accompanied the reform of the vocational school in the Soviet Union during the process of Gorbachevist restructuring, took place in the Moldovan SSR/SSR Moldova in the context of the national movement of Bessarabian Romanians. Thus, the process of giving up the ideologized and indoctrinated educational system was completed and focused on the return of Moldovan higher education to the Romanian national traditions of European origin. The return of high school to the space of national education also involved reconsidering the history and people who were victims of the policy of denationalization of higher education during the Soviet period. This policy includes the actions of moral rehabilitation of expelled students and teachers that were dismissed for "manifestations of nationalism", actions initiated in 1990-1991 by the Ministry of Science and Education Moldovan SSR/RSS Moldova. The moral rehabilitation of the students and academics expelled from high school for political reasons did not have a legal character, but it was proof of civic attitude and moral responsibility towards people who have chosen dignity over the personal interest of maintaining the social and professional status provided by the regime. These people decided to pass over the fear and to confront the regime in order to preserve their national values and traditions.Item EU ÎS DE PĂRERE CĂ FIINŢAZĂ O SÂNGURĂ LIMBĂ!”: CONTROVERSE LINGVISTICE LA INSTITUTUL PEDAGOGIC DIN CHIŞINĂU(2020) Rotaru, LilianaIn this study, based on unpublished sources found in the National Archives of the Republic of Moldova, the author analyzes the linguistic dispute that erupted in the department of “Moldavian” language and literature of the Chişinău Pedagogical Institute in 1956. After a long period of real “linguicide” carried out by I.D. Ceban, director of the Institute of History, Language and Literature of the Moldavian Research Base of the USSR Academy of Sciences and his henchmen, the de-Stalinization and the Khrushchev Thaw allowed philologists, “slightly disguised Romaniaphiles”, to reject the theses about the “specificity of the Moldavian language” and affirm the linguistic unity of the people living on both banks of the Prut, although the river remained a political border. The considered linguistic contradictions between the two opposite camps of philologists from the department of “Moldavian” language and literature, as well as their consequences, are of great importance for explaining the phenomenon of preservation of national Romanian identity in theItem 1956: CONTROVERSE LINGVISTICE LA INSTITUTUL PEDAGOGIC DIN CHIȘINĂU(2020) Rotaru, LilianaIn this study, the author analyses the linguistic controversies that erupted at the department of ―Moldovan‖ language and literature of the State Pedagogical Institute of Chisinau during the controversial year 1956. After a few years of real linguicide promoted by I. D. Ceban, the director of the Institute of History, Language and Literature of the Moldovan Scientific Research Base of the USSR Academy of Sciences and his henchmen, de-Stalinization and Khrushchev's Thaw, allowed the ―Romanianophiles, slightly camouflaged‖ philologists, to reject the theses of the ―specifics of the Moldovan language‖ and to affirm the linguistic unity of the people that were living on both banks of the Prut, even though the Prut was just a political border. These linguistic controversies between these two opposite camps of the philologist-teachers of the department of the ―Moldovan‖ language and literature are important for the explanation of the perpetuation of Romanianism and genesis of the national movement in the 80‘s.Item „... O ȘCOALĂ CE NE-AR ÎNTOARCE LA ORIGINI” – ÎNVĂȚĂMÂNTUL DIN REPUBLICA MOLDOVA ÎN MINISTERIATUL LUI NICOLAE MĂTCAȘ(CEP USM, 2022) Rotaru, LilianaUniversity professor and prominent fighter for the national cause Nicolae Mătcaș, who started to lead the Ministery of Science and Education of the Republic of Moldova in the summer of 1990, when the impact of the Gorbachevist perestroika and the national movement, the old Soviet world was crumbling and a new order had started to be rebuild. In the ministry of more than three and a half years (1990-1994) Minister Mătcaș initiated and promoted several reforms that had the purpose to change the educational system of the Republic of Moldova from the state of deep Sovietization, by deideologizing, depoliticizing, demilitarizing, and creating a Romanian traditional educational system. The mentality is the area that accepts metamorphosis with reluctance so that the reforms have been difficult to accept by both camps responsible for education - students and teachers. However, the processes of the return of Moldovan education to the Romanian national traditions, a process defined by the reforms of Minister Matcaș - which were not always done well and especially were not always popular, but were irreversible for the further evolution of the higher education from Moldova.Item O INSULĂ A UTOPIEI EDUCAȚIONALE SOVIETICE: INSTITUTUL ÎNVĂȚĂTORESC DE LA SOROCA(CEP USM, 2021) Rotaru, LilianaThe history of some pedagogical higher education institutions in the Moldavian SSR, re-established and / or created by the Soviets since the second half of the 1940s, is more or less known, among them are predecessors of some universities in the Republic of Moldova. Others, however, created to cover some urgent needs of the moment, have been left out of historical knowledge and no one remembers their existence. The same happened in the case of the Teachers’ Institute from Soroca, created in 1949 to cover the shortage of teachers in the post-war period. The shortage of teachers was deepened in the end of the 1950s by the expansion of the Soviet education system in the Moldovan SSR and the transition to compulsory education of 7 classes in villages and 10 classes in Soviet Moldovan cities. The authorities have decided that by expanding the number of pedagogical higher education institutions, including by creating the Soroca Teacher Training Institute, they will be able to alleviate the crisis of teachers in the Moldavian SSR. The Teachers’ Institute in Soroca had an ephemeral existence. For five years, as it existed, it produced several hundred teachers for grades V-VII, but still did not contribute to reducing the shortage of teachers in Soviet Moldova, becoming an island of socialist utopia. Created on a virgin land in terms of the tradition of higher education, given the lack of qualified teaching and scientific staff, but also a pool for recruiting potential students, the institution was abolished in 1954. Based on unpublished documents, the author, in addition to restoring the short history of the Teachers’ Institute from Soroca, tries to decipher the goals pursued by the regime by opening these higher education institutions in the northern part of the Moldovan SSR, where less than 50 km there is a pedagogical institute - the one from Bălți.