Browsing by Author "Pantea, Oleg"

Now showing 1 - 20 of 46

ABORDAREA CONTRAVENȚIILOR ÎN SITUAȚII EXCEPȚIONALE GENERATE DE PANDEMIA COVID-19
(CEP USM, 2021-12-08) Mangîr, Vlada; Pantea, Oleg
The COVID-19 pandemic has put its trademark on the 21st century, not only due to the impact it had made on the economic, social and justice sectors, barring the overlap with the digital era. The already developing digitalization process that has started ever since the early 90’s has faced a major turbulence, with the new virus allowing the experts to broaden their perspective on how to use technology to the best interest of the collective, in order to keep the communities safe. This key factor has highlighted that the pandemic has rather stimulated the development of the digital current, mirroring a symbiotic cau- se-effect relationship between the two. This being said, digitalization has been appointed as a pivotal means of governance. The increased contraventions and the ignorance of the judicial system to the pandemic waves, has reflected the mandatory update of the digital tools in our era for catalyzing cyber justice.
ANALIZA JURIDICĂ A CONTRAVENȚIILOR CE ATENTEAZĂ LA ORDINEA ȘI SECURITATEA PUBLICĂ ÎN LEGISLAȚIA REPUBLICII MOLDOVA
(Tipografia Artpoligraf, 2021) Pantea, Oleg
The published material presents a complex analysis of the contraventions provided in Chapter XIX of the contraventional Code, which affects the public order and the public security. It is noted that the generic object of the given contraventions is formed by two large groups of social relations: social relations regarding public order assurance and social relations regarding public security assurance. It was pointed out the material object, which is present in some analyzed contraventions. Last but not least, it is established the subject of the contraventions, the natural person and the legal person, but also the quality of a special subject - the person with responsible positions. This paper is a useful tool for specialized training and application in the practical activity, being available to the law faculty students and to the professionals of the legal world as well
APLICAREA ”PUNCTELOR DE PENALIZARE” CA SANCȚIUNE CONTRAVENȚIONALĂ ÎN REGLEMENTAREA LEGISLAȚIEI REPUBLICII MOLDOVA, A ROMÂNIEI ȘI UCRAINEI – ASPECTE DE DREPT COMPARAT
(Iași:Performantica, 2020-10-30) Pantea, Oleg
In this paper we analyzed the sanction „penalty points” regulated to the legislation of Republic of Moldova, Romania and Ukraine. In this article also the notion of penalty points and its characteristic features for each state, differences and similarities were identified and their comparative analysis was made (the system for accumulating penalty points and the system for deducting an initial value). The practical problems and legal gaps faced by each state were not overlooked. At the end of this course paper, were proposed some recommendations to improve the system of penalty, including the proposal for changing and completing/ supplementing the laws. This article we think that will be useful for law students, but also for practitioners who solve and deal with contraventional cases in the field of road traffic.
ASIGURAREA SECURITĂȚII ECONOMICE CA VALOARE FUNDAMENTALĂ A SOCIETĂȚII DEMOCRATICE PRIN ANALIZA JURIDICĂ A CAP. XV COD CONTRAVENȚIONAL
(Artpoligraf, 2021) Pantea, Oleg
The proposed paper contains a general analysis of more specific categories of contraventions, regarding a complex of values: entrepreneurial activity, taxation, customs activity and securities. Thus, the article presents aspects regarding the preexisting conditions of the contraventions in this category, their constitutive contents, the forms and ways of commission, as well as the applicable sanctions. Due to the complex analysis of these elements, the objective legal qualification of the facts can be performed, the degree of social danger and the limits of their sanctioning can be determined. Establishing these contraventions is necessary for the defense of the rights and legitimate interests of the person, the defense of property, public order and other values protected by the contravention law. Starting from the hypothesis that one of the national priorities of the Republic of Moldova in the 21st century is to ensure economic security, from the beginning of this paper we have to highlight the generic object of the given contraventions, consisting of four large groups of social relations resulting from the title of the chapter: entrepreneurial activity, taxation, customs activity, securities. The illustrated official statistics regarding the commission, establishing, sanctioning of the contraventions provided in chapter XV of the Contravention Code had an important contribution to the elaboration of the paper. The granular data led to a better understanding of the ways and means the authorities fight against the phenomenon of economic contravention, but also the effectiveness of prevention measures, by comparing the information from year to year. In the content of the work, the presence of the material object in some contraventions was mentioned, namely, the physical entity affected by the commission of the contravention. Not least, as a result of the research, the subject of the contraventions was established, the individual and the legal entity, including the presence of the special subject – the responsible person and the person with a position of public dignity. We believe that the proposed material will be useful for the students from the law faculties, but also to be implemented by the legal practitioners.
ASPECTE ESENȚIALE DE DREPT COMPARAT PRIVIND „CONSTATAREA CONTRAVENȚIILOR” ÎN LEGISLAȚIA REPUBLICII MOLDOVA ȘI ROMÂNIEI
(2019) Pantea, Oleg
Constatarea contravențiilor reprezintă o primă fază a procesului contravențional în care organele împuternicite ale statului colectează și administrează probe și încheie procese-verbale. În general, lucrarea reprezintă o analiză și o reunire într-un tot unitar a trăsăturilor caracteristice constatării contravențiilor în legislația Republicii Moldova și legislația României, cu aspecte de drept comparat. Astfel, au fost analizate principalele acte normative care reglementează procesul de constatare a contravențiilor, Codul contravențional al Republicii Moldova și Ordonanța Guvernului României nr.2 din 12.06.2001 privind regimul juridic al contravențiilor. Totodată, lucrarea oglindește unele configurații teoretico-practice privind încheierea procesuluiverbal de constatare a contravențiilor, reflectând în detaliu elementele lui obligatorii, mențiunile de conținut.
ATRAGEREA LA RĂSPUNDERE CONTRAVENȚIONALĂ A PERSOANELOR FIZICE CARE ATENTEAZĂ LA DREPTURILE ȘI LIBERTĂȚILE LEGITIME ALE OMULUI
(CEP USM, 2021) Pantea, Oleg
CARACTERISTICA GENERALĂ A CONTRAVENȚIILOR PREVĂZUTE LA CAPITOLUL XV DIN CODUL CONTRAVENȚIONAL AL REPUBLICII MOLDOVA
(CEP USM, 2020) Pantea, Oleg
CLASIFICATOR LEGAL DE PENITENCIARE ÎN REPUBLICA MOLDOVA. PROBLEME ȘI SOLUȚII DE DREPTURILE OMULUI
(CEP USM, 2023) Pantea, Oleg
În lucrare este prezentată analiza juridică a câmpurilor legale de categorizare a penitenciarelor în Republica Moldova, corelată cu principiile individualizării pedepsei închisorii, alături de alte principii fundamentale. Aflarea în detenție trebuie să-și îndeplinească scopul pentru care a fost plasată persoana – siguranța socială și reinserția în comunitate. Realizarea acestui scop poate fi asigurată doar prin crearea și organizarea unui mecanism individualizat per persoană deținută. Un loc aparte în lucrare a fost dedicat lacunelor de lege, cu privire la categoriile de penitenciare și tipurile de penitenciare, identificarea conceptelor „categorie” și „tip” în sensul legii execuțional-penale. Totodată, au fost evidențiate problemele apărute în legătură cu stabilirea tipului de penitenciar de către instanța de judecată și posibilitatea atribuirii acestei competențe exclusiv sistemului administrației penitenciare.
COMPENDIU JURIDIC ASUPRA INDIVIDUALIZĂRII EXECUTĂRII PEDEPSEI ÎNCHISORII ȘI RESOCIALIZĂRII PERSOANELOR DEȚINUTE ÎN CONTEXTUL RESPECTĂRII DREPTURILOR FUNDAMENTALE ALE OMULUI – studiu de caz
(CEP USM, 2023) Pantea, Oleg
This study presents a general analysis of the institution of individualization –as a form of execution of punishment, its theoretical and applicative value, the characteristicfeatures, the resocialization of beneficiaries and the application methodology, in the context ofrespect for human rights. The hypothesis that laid this study is focused on ensuring an appropriate treatment for detainees according to their psycho-social and physiological personalityfeatures and compliance with the legal provisions in the process of planning and monitoring theexecution of prison punishment. In this regard, the control of the execution of punishment musthave a systemic/regular character and the planned measures must be proportional to the resultsof multidisciplinary evaluation by the penitentiary specialists. The purpose of resocialization is tomake sure that we release in the social environment a person with a changed, prosocial behavior,a responsible person, who respects the law. This paper highlights the national and international legislative reflections on the individualization of the execution of punishment, the analysis of the existing norms and the aspects related to the practice of their application.
COMPENDIUM ON THE ROLE OF “CPT” IN TORTURE PREVENTION IN PRISONS
(Tokyo:Otsuki Press, 2021-02-06) Pantea, Oleg
În această lucrare am prezentat o scurtă informație despre Comitetul pentru prevenirea torturii și a pedepselor sau tratamentelor inumane sau degradante. Informația a fost structurată în câteva puncte cheie: informații generale, importanța practică, structura, activitatea Comitetului și vizitele efectuate. Scopul pe care și l-a propus această instituție a fost atins, reușind într-o măsură mai mare sau mai mică să disciplineze statele în ceea ce privește respectarea drepturilor persoanelor aflate în locuri privative de libertate. Consider că acest scurt material poate fi propus și pentru instruirea teoretico-practică a studenților la disciplina drept execuțional penal.
CONCEPȚIA NOUĂ A CLASIFICATORULUI DE PENITENCIARE BAZATĂ PE REGIMURI PROGRESIVE
(CEP USM, 2023) Pantea, Oleg; Panchiv, Olesea
În lucrare este prezentată propunerea de amendament la Codul de Executare, care vizează introducerea unui sistem al regimurilor progresive de executare a pedepsei deținuților, apreciind impactul sistemului progresiv asupra resocializării persoanelor, fiind propus un nou clasificator al penitenciarelor după tipuri și regimuri. Astfel, principiul de bază la executarea pedepsei – al individualizării – va fi pus în aplicare, prin separarea și repartizarea deținuților după criterii legale. Totodată, a fost evidențiată problematica apărută în legătură cu norma ce prevede stabilirea corespunzătoare a tipului de penitenciar de către instanța de judecată. Subsecvent, au fost supuse unei analize critice reglementările actuale privind condițiile de executare a arestului contravențional, evidențiind necesitatea operării unor modificări legislative esențiale în acest sens.
CONSTRÂNGEREA FIZICĂ ȘI PSIHICĂ PRIN PRISMA ATENTĂRII LA DREPTURILE OMULUI
(Tipografia Artpoligraf, 2021) Armanu, Sabina; Pantea, Oleg
The published material reveals information about the correlation between physical and / or mental constraint and the right to physical and mental integrity. Approach through the prism of the Constitution of the Republic of Moldova, the Contravention Code of the Republic of Moldova and the Criminal Code. At the same time, the proposed study analyzes the physical and mental constraint and the right to integrity separately, not only together.
CONTRAVENȚIA – O MODALITATE DE LEZARE A DREPTURILOR OMULUI
(CEP USM, 2021-12-08) Luca, Aneta; Pantea, Oleg
In this article, the notion of contravention was analyzed in the light of the fact that its perpetration represents a violation of human rights, enshrined and guaranteed, both in national and international legislation. The analysis of some material norms from the Contravention Code of the Republic of Moldova was carried out, the content of which demonstrates that the purpose of the contravention law is to defend human rights and human interests, by preventing and combating the phenomenon of contravention. The State, through its competent bodies, applies coercive measures to fulfill the purpose of the contravention law.
CONTRAVENTIONAL DETENTION AND HUMAN RIGHTS
(Tipografia Artpoligraf, 2021) Roșior, Cristina; Pantea, Oleg
Pre-trial detention is, possibly, the most human rights restricting measure that can be imposed on a person in the course of a contraventional process. This article aims to explore the bond between human rights, which are an integral part of our social life, and pre-trial contravention detention - an extreme measure that can occur during the contravention procces. The approach of the subject gives us two opposite ways in which human rights and contraventional detention can interract. One way offers the postive part, where human rights are protected through this measure, the other offers the negative part, where human rights are violated. An essential part in this is taken by the position of law in society, whether it is properly applied or not.
CONTRAVENTIONAL LIABILITY VS. ADMINISTRATIVE-CONTRAVENTIONAL LIABILITY–SYNTHETIC AND INTERACTION APPROACHES
(2023) Pantea, Oleg; Panchiv, Olesea
This study contains a detailed analysis of the contraventional liability as a form of legal liability, including the use of the attribute „administrative” for the contraventional liability as a social-legal phenomenon. The material reveals the conceptions of the authors in the field of law and our separate opinion regarding the aspects of the contraventional liability and the relevance of the use of the terminological construction „administrative-contraventional liability”. Therefore, we analyzed the legal framework and the practice of the Republic of Moldova and other states, starting our research from the hypothesis that the contraventional liability is a distinct form of legal liability that occurs when an illegal act (contravention) has been committed, violating the rules of the contraventional law, for which contraventional sanctions are applied by the competent authorities, through a legally established procedure.
DESPRE INSTITUŢIA PROBAŢIUNII ÎN DREPTUL CONTRAVENŢIONAL
(Editura ULIM, 2018-10-16) Pantea, Oleg
În această publicaţie au fost analizate aspectele teoretico-practice privind constatarea faptelor contravenţionale de organele de probaţiune şi intervenţia socio-pedagogică a acestei instituţii în procesul de executare a unor pedepse contravenţionale. Lucrarea este caracterizată printr-o combinaţie din stabilirea faptelor şi supravegherea/ asistenţa contravientului. Un compartiment aparte a fost dedicat caracteristicii juridice a contravenţiilor constatate de probaţiune prin prisma elementelor constitutive contravenţionale. Elaborarea acestui material s-a dorit a fi de utilitate atât pentru viitorii jurişti, cât şi pentru alte persoane interesate.
DIMENSIUNEA ISTORICĂ A CONTRACTULUI NORMATIV CA IZVOR AL DREPTULUI
(2009) Pantea, Oleg; Negru, Andrei
In the present article the authors highlight extremely important issues for doctrine and practice on the historical and theoretical aspect of the normative contract as a formal source of law. The information reflected in the article presents a significant interest, both in terms of theory and in practice, by identifying the origin and occurrence assumptions of the normative contract, which is a compulsory element of the knowledge truth process.
DREPT CONTRAVENȚIONAL:CULEGERE DE TESTE
(CEP USM, 2021) Antoci, Albert; Pantea, Oleg; Cuciurca, Doina
În lucrarea de faţă autorii propun o culegere de teste, destinate studenţilor Facultăţii de Drept, ciclurile I și II, care trebuie să susţină examenul la disciplina Drept contravențional, reieşind din experienţa şi cunoştinţele acumulate în timpul anului universitar.
DREPTUL LA APĂRARE ÎN LEGISLAȚIA CONTRAVENȚIONALĂ A REPUBLICII MOLDOVA
(Tipografia Artpoligraf, 2021) Tamazlîcaru, Alina; Pantea, Oleg
The right to defense is a fundamental right not only in the general matter of human rights, but also in the field of contravention law, criminal law, civil law etc. We must keep in mind that the right to defense must be ensured for any party, at any stage of the process. Referring to the defense counsel, the contravention legislation expressly recognizes their starut to the lawyer, and we will reveal his particularities along the way. The ECHR has repeatedly stated that ensuring the right to defense is also a guarantee of ensuring the right to a fair trial. In this article we aimed to elucidate the importance of ensuring the right to defense in the contravention process, but also we tried to make an analysis of the contravention legislation in terms of expressly addressing this right.
IMPACTUL ARESTULUI CONTRAVENȚIONAL- ASUPRA DREPTURILOR ŞI LIBERTĂȚILOR FUNDAMENTALE ALE OMULUI
(CEP USM, 2021-12-08) Ciobanu, Ana; Pantea, Oleg
Every society exists and evolves on the basis of rules of conduct protected by moral norms, traditions, customs and legal norms. They form a system that regulates social relations. In this system that governs society, an important role is played by legal nor- ms, including those of contravention, which impose on the members of society a certain behavior in the relations they establish with their peers or social bodies and whose viola- tion entails a certain form. of legal liability: criminal, administrative (contraventional), disciplinary or civil. The company has the right to defend and take action, through specialized state bo- dies, against any person who violates the rules of social coexistence protected by the rules of law. Any violation of the legal norms entails the legal responsibility of the person who committed it, which differs depending on the nature of the violated norm, the characteris- tic of the protected social values, the social danger of the deed, etc. Contraventional liability is another form of legal liability, governed by the rules of the law of contravention that occurs after the commission of a contravention. Representing a measure of coercion or re-education, applied to the offender in order to correct and re- educate him, as well as the prevention of new offenses. In order for the contravention sanction to reach your preventive purpose, it must be applied in relation to each contravention and to each person prosecuted for the contra- vention.