Browsing by Author "Cosmescu, Alexandru"

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AUTOINTERPRETAREA CA STRATEGIE CONVERSAȚIONALĂ
(CEP USM, 2022) Cosmescu, Alexandru
Interacțiunea verbală implică un proces continuu de negociere și renegociere a sensului enunțurilor, în funcție de scopurile asumate de participanți. Or, unul dintre scopurile implicite ale interacțiunii este ceea ce poate fi numit înțelegere reciprocă. Unul dintre lucrurile pe care le facem când vorbim unul cu altul este să creăm posibilitatea unei cât mai mari apropieri – până la izomorfie – între ceea ce înțeleg interlocutorii atunci când au de a face unul cu enunțurile celuilalt. Interacțiunea conversațională devine astfel reflexivă și metadiscursivă – a vorbi despre elemente ale conversației înseși pentru a le clarifica. Acesta este contextul în care survine fenomenul autointerpretării: revenirea locutorului la ceva ce a spus anterior, pentru a-și reformula enunțul în lumina a ceea ce este considerat drept neînțelegere de către destinatar. Studiul propus va reprezenta o analiză a formelor și funcțiilor autointerpretării în discurs.
ORIENTAREA ARGUMENTATIVĂ ÎN CONVERSAȚIE
(ProLibra, 2022) Cosmescu, Alexandru
Currently, argumentation is viewed from the perspective of various theories, that start from different premises and have different goals. In logic – both formal and informal – a restrictive concept of argument is used, with mainly didactic purposes: encouraging an argument type considered as „standard”. Treating arguments from this perspective neglects the multitude of argumentation forms present in everyday conversation, which often have very little in common with formal argumentation structures. When we view argumentativity rather as an orientation of a conversation, independent of the form „arguments” take, the interlocutors’ attempts to persuade one another can be analyzed from other theoretical and methodological presuppositions.
A VORBI DESPRE CEEA CE SE ÎNTÂMPLĂ: DOUĂ POZIȚII DISCURSIVE
(Institutul de istorie, 2022) Cosmescu, Alexandru
In the present paper, I propose a phenomenological approach to several modes of “speaking about what is happening”, a form of activity that is fundamentally constitutive of our way of being. Using the Heideggerian framework of speech as disclosure, I emphasize the role of idle talk – an inauthentic form of speech – in shaping the ways in which we relate to our situation. When what is happening becomes a reason for polarization within the community, based on the “imperative to have an informed position”, the discursive position of the “expert” almost takes the proportions of a savior: the expert, with an assumed background, can speak about something happening without the need of us seeing it for ourselves and making our own minds. Moreover, the expert speaks from their expertise about something happening now – that is, the status of their discourse is not that of research (which might lead to a form of disclosure), but approaches the status of idle talk itself, especially when the expert is increasingly invited to speak without a personal familiarity with the matters they speak about. I contrast this discursive position with that of the witness: a witness, unlike an expert, is legitimized by their presence when something was happening, not by a special training. Moreover, the witness’s testimony does not pretend to “form a clear view about something”, but comes from a being-unsettled, and can be just as unsettling for its addressee.