"SEXTING ” , „ SEXTOR SION” , „REVENGE PORN ” : FENOMENE REFLECTATE ÎN CODUL PENAL AL REPUBLICII MOLDOVA?
Date
2021
Authors
Journal Title
Journal ISSN
Volume Title
Publisher
CEP USM
Abstract
Impactul tehnologiilor informaţionale și al comunicaţiilor electronice asupra culturii sexuale a condiționat apariția și dezvoltarea unor fenomene relevante sub aspect penal, desemnate prin englezismele „sexting”, „sextortion” și „revenge porn”. Scopul principal al prezentului studiu se exprimă în identificarea răspunsului la următoarea întrebare
: trebuie oare legiuitorul autohton să ofere un cadru legal care să asigure apărarea penală a intimității persoanelor împotriva unor asemene a fenomene sau acest cad
ru legal deja există? S-a stabilit că legea penală a Republicii Moldova nu conține nicio dispoziție care ar incrimina expres faptele desemnate prin cuvintele „sexting”, „sextortion” și „revenge porn”. Au fost definite noțiunile„sexting”, „pornografie neco
nsimțită”, „deep fake in revenge porn” și „sextortion”. S-a demonstrat că noțiunea „revenge porn”se referă doar la cazul de pornografie neconsimțită având la bază motivul de răzbunare. Întrucât noțiunile „revenge porn” și „pornografie neconsimțită” se află într
-un raport de tip „parte-întreg”, aceste noțiuni nu trebuie confundate. S-a argumentat că fapteledesemnate prin cuvintele „sexting”,„sextortion” și „revenge porn”pot atrage răspunderea în baza art.173,175, 177, 189, 206, 2081și/sau 259 din Codul penal și/sau
în baza art.70, 782și/sau 90 din Codul contravențional. În scopul eficientizării apărării ordinii de drept împotriva faptelor desemnate prin cuvintele „sexting”, „sextortion” și „revenge porn”, a fost propusă completarea alin.(2) art.177 din Codul penal cu: litera a
1) care ar avea următorul conținut: „prin intermediul tehnologiilor informaţionale sau
al comunicaţiilor electronice”; litera c) care ar avea următorul conținut:
„dacă acestea au fost supuse anterior falsificării pentru a se crea impresia că victima face sau spune ceva ce nu a făcut sau nu a spus de fapt”.
The impact of information technologies and electronic communications on sexual culture has conditioned the emergence and development of criminally relevant phenomena, referred to by the English words “sexting”, “sextortion” and “revenge porn”. The main purpose of this study is to identify the answer to the following question: should the Moldovan legislator provide a legal framework to ensure the criminal defence of privacy against such phenomena or does this legal framework already exist? It was established that the criminal law of the Republic of Moldova does not contain any provision that would expressly incriminate the acts des ignated by the words “sexting”, “sextortion” and “revenge porn”. The terms “sexting”, “non-consensual pornography”, “deep fake in revenge porn” and “sextortion” were defined. It has been shown that the notion of “revenge porn” refers only to the case of no n-consensual pornography based on revenge. As the concepts of “"revenge porn” and “non-consensual pornography” are in a “whole -part” relationship, those concepts should not be confused. It was argued that the actions designated by the words “sexting”, “sextortion” and “revenge porn”may incur liability under art. 173, 175, 177, 189, 206, 2081 and/or 259 of the Criminal Code and/or art.70, 782 and/or 90 of the Contravention Code. In order to streamline the defence of the rule of law against the actions denoted by the words “sexting”, “sextortion” and “revenge porn”, it was proposed to supplement para.(2) art.177 of the Criminal Code with: letter a1) which would have the following content: “by means of information technologies or electronic communications”; letter c) which would have the following content: “if they were previously subjected to forgery in order to create the impression that the victim is doing or saying something that they did not do or said in fact”.
The impact of information technologies and electronic communications on sexual culture has conditioned the emergence and development of criminally relevant phenomena, referred to by the English words “sexting”, “sextortion” and “revenge porn”. The main purpose of this study is to identify the answer to the following question: should the Moldovan legislator provide a legal framework to ensure the criminal defence of privacy against such phenomena or does this legal framework already exist? It was established that the criminal law of the Republic of Moldova does not contain any provision that would expressly incriminate the acts des ignated by the words “sexting”, “sextortion” and “revenge porn”. The terms “sexting”, “non-consensual pornography”, “deep fake in revenge porn” and “sextortion” were defined. It has been shown that the notion of “revenge porn” refers only to the case of no n-consensual pornography based on revenge. As the concepts of “"revenge porn” and “non-consensual pornography” are in a “whole -part” relationship, those concepts should not be confused. It was argued that the actions designated by the words “sexting”, “sextortion” and “revenge porn”may incur liability under art. 173, 175, 177, 189, 206, 2081 and/or 259 of the Criminal Code and/or art.70, 782 and/or 90 of the Contravention Code. In order to streamline the defence of the rule of law against the actions denoted by the words “sexting”, “sextortion” and “revenge porn”, it was proposed to supplement para.(2) art.177 of the Criminal Code with: letter a1) which would have the following content: “by means of information technologies or electronic communications”; letter c) which would have the following content: “if they were previously subjected to forgery in order to create the impression that the victim is doing or saying something that they did not do or said in fact”.
Description
Keywords
pornografie neconsimțită, comunicaţii electronice, rețea de socializare, amenințare, electronic communications, social network, threat
Citation
BRÎNZA , Sergiu , STATI. Vitalie. “Sexting”, „sextorsion”, „revenge porn”: fenomene reflectate în Codul penal al Republicii Moldova?In: Studia Universitatis Moldaviae. Seria Științe sociale: Sociologie. Asistență Socială. Drept. Științe Politice. Revistă științifică. 2021, nr. 3 (143). pp. 3 - 17. ISSN 1814-3199.