PARTICULARITĂȚI PRIVIND ADMISIBILITATEA DECLARAȚIILOR MARTORILOR ABSENȚI LA JUDECAREA CAUZEI PENALE
Date
2022
Authors
Journal Title
Journal ISSN
Volume Title
Publisher
CEP USM
Abstract
În prezentul articol sunt abordate problemele ce vizează particularitățile utilizării declarațiilor martorului absent. Pornind de la autolimitarea Curții Europene a Drepturilor Omului de a se implica în problema privind admisibilitatea unei probe concrete și vegherea echității procesului în ansamblu, se pune în discuție problema neprezentării martorului în ședința de judecată din perspectiva art.6 par.(3) lit.d) din Convenția Europeană a Drepturilor Omului. În acest sens, sunt analizate principiile directoare trasate de Curtea Europeană a Drepturilor Omului, aplicabile în sistemele naționale la examinarea unor astfel de situații. Se încearcă a analiza care ar fi motivele justificative pentru neprezentarea martorului din perspectiva egalității armelor. În același context, sunt enumerate anumite motive justificative de neprezentare, derivate din jurisprudența Curții Europene. La fel, este examinată și jurisprudența Curții în raport cu termenul „probă exclusivă sau determinantă” și cu elementele factorilor de cotrabalansare. A fost realizată o analiză separată ce vizează normele naționale, precum și jurisprudența CtEDO în raport cu Republica Moldova, aceasta finalizând cu examinarea situațiilor în care există riscul devierii de la principiiile enunțate.
This article addresses the issues relating to the use of absent witness statements. Starting from the self-limitation of the European Court of Human Rights to get involved in the issue of the admissibility of a specific evidence and ensuring the fairness of the process as a whole, the aspect of non-attendance of the witness in court from the perspective of art.6 par.(3) let.d) of the European Convention on Human Rights shall be approached. In this respect, the guiding principles set out by the European Court of Human Rights, which are also applicable under the national systems of the state parties, when examining such situations, are analyzed. Also, there are made certain attempts to analyze the reasons of the witness’s failure to be present during the hearing from the perspective of the equality of arms. In the same context, certain grounds for his non-appearance are listed, derived from the European Court’s case law. Likewise, the case law of the Court is analyzed in relation to the term "sole or decisive evidence" and the elements of counterbalancing factors. A separate analysis was conducted in relation to the national norms and of the EctHR’s case law in relation to the Republic of Moldova, it being concluded with an examination of the situations involving a risk of deviation from the stated principles.
This article addresses the issues relating to the use of absent witness statements. Starting from the self-limitation of the European Court of Human Rights to get involved in the issue of the admissibility of a specific evidence and ensuring the fairness of the process as a whole, the aspect of non-attendance of the witness in court from the perspective of art.6 par.(3) let.d) of the European Convention on Human Rights shall be approached. In this respect, the guiding principles set out by the European Court of Human Rights, which are also applicable under the national systems of the state parties, when examining such situations, are analyzed. Also, there are made certain attempts to analyze the reasons of the witness’s failure to be present during the hearing from the perspective of the equality of arms. In the same context, certain grounds for his non-appearance are listed, derived from the European Court’s case law. Likewise, the case law of the Court is analyzed in relation to the term "sole or decisive evidence" and the elements of counterbalancing factors. A separate analysis was conducted in relation to the national norms and of the EctHR’s case law in relation to the Republic of Moldova, it being concluded with an examination of the situations involving a risk of deviation from the stated principles.
Description
Keywords
martori, martor absent, declarațiile martorului, probă exclusivă sau determinantă
Citation
DOLEA, Igor; CARAMAN, Valeria. Particularități privind admisibilitatea declarațiilor martorilor absenți la judecarea cauzei penale. In: Studia Universitatis Moldaviae (Seria Ştiinţe Sociale). 2022, nr. 3(153), pp. 14-21. ISSN 1814-3199.10.5281/zenodo.6563645