ÎNVĂŢĂMÂNTUL PRIMAR ÎN COLONIILE GERMANE DIN BASARABIA SUB REGIMUL ŢARIST (A DOUA JUMĂTATE A SECOLULUI XIX – ÎNCEPUTUL SECOLULUI XX)
Date
2015
Authors
Journal Title
Journal ISSN
Volume Title
Publisher
CEP USM
Abstract
Şcoala germană, în urma procesului de formare în prima jumătate a secolului al XIX-lea, începând cu anii 1860 este
supusă treptat controlului din partea statului.
Ca urmare, s-a încercat o rusificare cuprinzătoare a acestor instituţii de învăţământ, însă demersul respectiv a fost
deranjat de diverşi factori de conjunctură, în special de lipsa profesorilor de limbă rusă. Cu toate acestea, acţiunea a
continuat în deceniile ce au urmat, prin introducerea predării limbii ruse – la început în clasa a treia, apoi în clasa întâi.
În consecinţă, procesul de alfabetizare a scăzut faţă de perioada în care şcoala germană s-a bucurat de libertate – fenomen
înregistrat şi în alte comunităţi etnice ale Imperiului Rus.
The German school, after the process of foundation in the first half of XIXth century, beginning with the years 1860 is supposed gradually to the control of the state. First, it is controlled by the Ministry of Public Education through the Ministry of Imperial Domains from Odessa, but then, beginning with 1880 years, the intermediary of this ministry was suppressed. As results, it was attempted a comprehensive Russification of these educational institutions, but the respective demarche was disturbed by various conjuncture factors, especi ally the lack of teachers of Russian language. However, the action continued during the decades that followed by introducing the teaching of Russian language, at the beginning in the third grade, then in the first grade. Consequently, the literacy process has decreased compared to the period in which the German school enjoyed freedom, a phenomenon recorded also in other ethnic communities of Russian Empire.
The German school, after the process of foundation in the first half of XIXth century, beginning with the years 1860 is supposed gradually to the control of the state. First, it is controlled by the Ministry of Public Education through the Ministry of Imperial Domains from Odessa, but then, beginning with 1880 years, the intermediary of this ministry was suppressed. As results, it was attempted a comprehensive Russification of these educational institutions, but the respective demarche was disturbed by various conjuncture factors, especi ally the lack of teachers of Russian language. However, the action continued during the decades that followed by introducing the teaching of Russian language, at the beginning in the third grade, then in the first grade. Consequently, the literacy process has decreased compared to the period in which the German school enjoyed freedom, a phenomenon recorded also in other ethnic communities of Russian Empire.
Description
Keywords
colonie, învăţământ primar, rusificare, imperiu, şcoală, cultură, stat-naţiune, grup minoritar, identitate naţională., russification, national identity
Citation
GULICA, Ilie. Învăţământul primar în coloniile germane din Basarabia sub regimul ţarist : (a doua jumătate a secolului X1X-începutul secolului XX). In: Studia Universitatis Moldaviae. Seria Ştiinţe umanistice. Istorie. Filosofie. Filologie. Revistă ştiinţifică. 2015, nr. 4(84), pp. 117-123