INFRACŢIUNEA DE PRUNCUCIDERE ÎN DREPTUL PENAL SUBSTANŢIAL PRIN PRISMA NOILOR ABORDĂRI CONCEPTUALE ŞI A DECIZIILOR JUDECĂTOREŞTI
Date
2015
Authors
Journal Title
Journal ISSN
Volume Title
Publisher
CEP USM
Abstract
Infracţiunea de pruncucidere (cunoscută şi ca neonaticid sau uciderea copilului nou-născut) prezintă un interes
ştiinţifico-practic deosebit, deoarece se consideră a fi un fenomen infracţional extrem de vechi, dar, din păcate, până în
prezent întâlnit în special în ţările suprapopulate şi sărace. Pentru a proteja de o pedeapsă mult prea dură mama care
şi-a omorât copilul nou-născut în condiţiile tulburării fizice sau psihice, cu diminuarea discernământului, s-a considerat
necesară inserarea unui articol distinct care ar delimita uciderea nou-născutului de către mamă de infracţiunea de omor.
La includerea acestei fapte infracţionale în legislaţia Republicii Moldova s-a luat în considerare un număr larg de factori
obiectivi şi subiectivi care au demonstrat că fapta prevăzută la art.147 din Codul penal al Republicii Moldova este o infracţiune
de omor cu circumstanţe atenuante care o privilegiază pe mama-pruncucigaşă. Ţinând cont de faptul că termenul
„pruncucidere” este identic noţiunii de neonaticid, propuse anterior în doctrina autohtonă de către Lilia Gîrla, în cele ce
urmează vom utiliza noţiunea de neonaticid, care se impune a fi mai reuşită din punct de vedere etimologic.
Pentru a oferi o informaţie cât mai amplă cu privire la neonaticid, analizei a fost supus un spectru larg de abordări
ştiinţifice, reglementări din legislaţiile altor state şi practici judiciare (din Republica Moldova şi din România). Sunt
date caracteristicile fiecărui element al componenţei de infracţiune şi sunt aduse numeroase exemple pentru a se înţelege
esenţa crimei de pruncucidere. La fel, sunt formulate concluzii şi date explicaţii, menite să contribuie la o mai bună
înţelegere a tuturor aspectelor teoretico-practice cu privire la omorul noului-născut de către mamă. Considerăm această
lucrare ca fiind un imbold pentru legiuitor de a introduce unele modificări în prevederile ce vizează infracţiunea în cauză
pentru a se evita interpretările eronate şi pentru a asigura o aplicare uniformă şi corectă a practicii judiciare
The crime of infanticide (also known as: neonaticide, the assassination of a new-born child) reveals great importance, because it is considered to be a very old phenomenon which unfortunately is present nowadays especially in overpopulated countries that are suffering from poverty. To defend the mother that is murdering her new-born child in the following conditions from a way too harsh punishment, it was considered necessary to interleave a distinct criminal act of manslaughter different from the criminal offence of intentional murder. This crime was created due to the objective and subjective factors proving that the wrongdoing provided in article 147 from the Criminal code of the Republic Moldova, is offence of murder but with extenuating circumstances and with particular differences from the other crimes against the life and health of the human being. The authors of this study have offered a great number of opinions, legal provisions and law-suits, which finally induced to creation of extremely comprehensive penal doctrine concerning the crime of neonaticide. The authors of this article have offered the characteristics of each element of the crime and have offered certain examples to reveal the essence of this crime. Taking it in consideration the articles and monographic studies regarding infanticide, written by Lilia Gîrla in 2004-2005, we will be using the word of neonaticide which is also identical to inanticide. The authors of this research have also been exposed conclusions and explications meant to contribute to a better understanding of the theoretical and practical aspects concerning the assassination of a new-born. We consider this article as an impulse for the Legislator to introduce some modifications to article 147, so that it would not leave room for misunderstandings and to assure the uniform and right judgments if the crime is committed
The crime of infanticide (also known as: neonaticide, the assassination of a new-born child) reveals great importance, because it is considered to be a very old phenomenon which unfortunately is present nowadays especially in overpopulated countries that are suffering from poverty. To defend the mother that is murdering her new-born child in the following conditions from a way too harsh punishment, it was considered necessary to interleave a distinct criminal act of manslaughter different from the criminal offence of intentional murder. This crime was created due to the objective and subjective factors proving that the wrongdoing provided in article 147 from the Criminal code of the Republic Moldova, is offence of murder but with extenuating circumstances and with particular differences from the other crimes against the life and health of the human being. The authors of this study have offered a great number of opinions, legal provisions and law-suits, which finally induced to creation of extremely comprehensive penal doctrine concerning the crime of neonaticide. The authors of this article have offered the characteristics of each element of the crime and have offered certain examples to reveal the essence of this crime. Taking it in consideration the articles and monographic studies regarding infanticide, written by Lilia Gîrla in 2004-2005, we will be using the word of neonaticide which is also identical to inanticide. The authors of this research have also been exposed conclusions and explications meant to contribute to a better understanding of the theoretical and practical aspects concerning the assassination of a new-born. We consider this article as an impulse for the Legislator to introduce some modifications to article 147, so that it would not leave room for misunderstandings and to assure the uniform and right judgments if the crime is committed
Description
Keywords
pruncucidere, neonaticid, omor, infanticide, murder
Citation
GÎRLA, L., ŞCHIOPU, C. Infracţiunea de pruncucidere în dreptul penal substanţial prin prisma noilor abordări conceptuale şi a deciyiilor judecătoreşti.In: Studia Universitatis Moldaviae. Seria Științe sociale: Sociologie. Asistență Socială. Drept. Științe Politice. Revistă științifică. 2015, nr.11, pp. 78-88