Analiza dinamicii populaţiilor de cervide din Rezervaţia Naturală “Codrii” [Articol]

Abstract

This study investigates the population dynamics of cervids within the “Codrii” Natural Reserve, Republic of Moldova, spanning the period 1975-2024. Influenced by biotic and abiotic factors, wild animal populations, including cervids, undergo significant changes in natural and anthropized ecosystems. The research focused on Red Deer (Cervus elaphus), Sika Deer (Cervus nippon), and Roe Deer (Capreolus capreolus). Methods included systematic field observations, track recording, and modern techniques like camera traps and drone surveys. Historical data from the Reserve’s “Nature Annals” were integrated and statistically analyzed. Results show notable fluctuations of cervids during the years the optimal density for the reserve being estimated at 23-25 individuals/1000 ha, a figure currently vastly surpassed by Sika Deer. The study alsohighlights health issues, including high parasite loads and increasing road accidents due to over- population. Critically, hybridization between Red Deer and Sika Deer poses a severe threat to the genetic integrity of native populations. Recommendations include selective culling of hybrids and Sika Deer, potential reintroduction of Carpathian Red Deer, and habitat management strategies to restore optimal population structures.