Emerging trends in sustainability reporting: from voluntary disclosure to regulated assurance [Articol]

Abstract

Purpose of the article: The paper aims to explore the emerging trends in sustainability reporting, emphasizing the ongoing shift from voluntary disclosure practices toward regulated and assured ESG information. It examines how recent policy developments, such as the EU Corporate Sustainability Reporting Directive (CSRD) and the European Sustainability Reporting Standards (ESRS), redefine corporate accountability and transparency frameworks. Methodology: The study employs a qualitative research approach based on content analysis of policy documents, and international reporting standards. Comparative analysis is used to identify differences in sustainability and to highlight the evolution of assurance practices. Conclusions: Findings indicate a clear transformation from voluntary, reputation-driven reporting to mandatory and standardized ESG disclosure accompanied by third-party assurance. This transition enhances the credibility, comparability, and reliability of non-financial information, fostering stakeholder trust and improving corporate governance outcomes. Originality: The article contributes to the academic and professional debate by integrating regulatory, methodological, and practical perspectives on the assurance of sustainability information. It offers an up-to-date synthesis of the regulatory landscape and anticipates future developments in ESG reporting assurance.