EVALUAREA VARIAȚIEI SOMACLONALE LA PLANTELE DE TRITICALE REGENERATE DIN EMBRIONI MATURI PRIN CULTURA IN VITRO ȘI IRADIERE CU RAZE GAMA
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Date
2023
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CEP USM
Abstract
Regeneranții de triticale (SC0) a 3 genotipuri (Ingen 35, Ingen 93, 188TR5021) au fost obținuți prin calusogeneză din embrionii maturi, supuși iradierii gama (150 Gy). Evaluarea somaclonelor a evidențiat modificări asupra caracterelor cantitative: talia plantei, numărul de frați fertili, lungimea spicului principal, numărul de internoduri, numărul de boabe, greutatea boabelor per plantă. S-a constatat că cultura in vitro și iradierea cu raze gama a indus variații semnificative la nivel de 95–99,9% a caracterelor studiate la somaclonele SC 1 și SC2 de triticale. Caracterele biomorfologice: talia plantei, lungimea spicului principal, numărul de boabe și greutatea boabelor au atins valori mai mari decât martorul la somaclonele SC 2 derivate de la genotipul Ingen 93 ( in vitro) și 188 TR5021(RAD). Analiza varianței, denotă că contribuţia maximă a manifestat genotipul (30,77%) și interacțiunea factorilor genotip-RAD (17,28-41,62%), genotip–cultura in vitro (21,32–40,45%) în dependenţă de caracter (99.9%). Rezultatele obținute confirmă contribuția factorilor cercetați în extinderea variabilității genetice la triticale.
The Triticale regenerants (SC0) of 3 genotypes (Ingen 35, Ingen 93, 188TR5021) were obtained by calluso genesis from irradiated mature embryos with gamma rays (150 Gy). The evaluation of the somaclones revealed changes in the quantitative traits: plant height, spike length, apical internode length, number of productive tillers and internodes per plant, number of grains, grains weight per plant. It was found that in vitro culture and gamma irradiation induced significant variations at the level of 95 – 99,9% of the characters studied in triticale SC1 and SC2 somaclones The mean value of 4 traits (plant height, spike length, number of grains and grains weight) of somaclones, SC2 (Ingen 93, in vitro and 188 TR5021, RAD) were higher than the control. The analysis of variance shows that the maximum contribution was manifested by the genotype (30,77%) and the interaction of genotype x radiation (17,28-41,62%) and genotype x in vitro culture (21,32-40,45%) depending on the character (99,9%). The obtained results confirm the contribution of researched factors to increase the genetic variability in triticale.
The Triticale regenerants (SC0) of 3 genotypes (Ingen 35, Ingen 93, 188TR5021) were obtained by calluso genesis from irradiated mature embryos with gamma rays (150 Gy). The evaluation of the somaclones revealed changes in the quantitative traits: plant height, spike length, apical internode length, number of productive tillers and internodes per plant, number of grains, grains weight per plant. It was found that in vitro culture and gamma irradiation induced significant variations at the level of 95 – 99,9% of the characters studied in triticale SC1 and SC2 somaclones The mean value of 4 traits (plant height, spike length, number of grains and grains weight) of somaclones, SC2 (Ingen 93, in vitro and 188 TR5021, RAD) were higher than the control. The analysis of variance shows that the maximum contribution was manifested by the genotype (30,77%) and the interaction of genotype x radiation (17,28-41,62%) and genotype x in vitro culture (21,32-40,45%) depending on the character (99,9%). The obtained results confirm the contribution of researched factors to increase the genetic variability in triticale.
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Keywords
variabilitate, in vitro, radiație gama, calusogeneză, somaclone de triticale, caractere cantitative, variability, in vitro, gamma radiation, callusogenesis, triticale somaclones, quantitative characters
Citation
CIOBANU, Renata. Evaluarea variației somaclonale la plantele de triticale regenerate din embrioni maturi prin cultura In vitro și iradiere cu raze gama. În: Studia Universitatis Moldaviae. Științe reale și ale naturii . 2023, nr.1(171), Chișinău. CEP USM, 2023, pp.11-20 ISSN 1814-3237