Ipostaze ale identităţii culturale în modelele lui Huntington şi Fukuyama

Abstract

In the context of the current historical events, we recall the prophetic visions of anthropologists, physicists, and writers of the twentieth century with a generous dose of irony. Because against the backdrop of the deepest peace that Europe has experienced for nearly 80 years, we witness the flourishing of populist, fundamentalist, and nationalist rhetoric, and the escalation of tensions between opposing cultures and civilizations, resulting in large-scale military conflicts and terrorist acts that are increasingly difficult to prevent. However, the theories of S. Huntington and F. Fukuyama can clarify the current situation by proposing two different ways events may develop. Therefore, we analyze the aspects of individual and collective identity, as well as the principles that determine the formation of cultural identity in these two theories. Our starting principle will be that civilization is determined by culture, and culture is influenced by religion, which shapes identities in the present.