Analysing ESG reporting structures using ESRS standards – large companies & enterprises [Articol]

Abstract

Purpose of the article: This paper examines the differences and similarities in Environmental, Social, and Governance (ESG) reporting between large companies and small- and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs), using the European Sustainability Reporting Standards as a reference framework. Methodology: By conducting qualitative content analysis and comparing selected sustainability metrics, the study reveals significant differences in the scope of reporting, the level of data granularity, the extent of stakeholder engagement, and the challenges associated with regulatory compliance. Conclusions: The study may further inform academic and policy debates on proportionality and material relevance in sustainability reporting, potentially supporting improvements in regulatory frameworks, corporate governance, and sustainable business practices. Originality: While large companies are subject to mandatory sustainability disclosures, small enterprises often engage in reporting voluntarily. By highlighting these differences, the study provides useful insights into how SMEs can better address environmental and social challenges through tailored reporting approaches, thereby advancing the debate on proportionality and relevance in sustainability reporting.