Contractele în perioade de conflict armat și migrație forțată – adaptabilitate, constrângeri juridice și provocări economice [Articol]

Abstract

The present paper aims to analyze how armed conflicts and forced migration affect the stability and execution of contractual relations. The objective of the study is to identify the legal and economic consequences of these crises on commercial, labor, and civil contracts,and to examine the capacity of current legal mechanisms–such as force majeure, hardship, and unpredictability–to offer effective contractual protection. Methodologically, the research combines normative analysis of international and national legislation with a review of comparative jurisprudence and recent economic policy responses. It also integrates examples from recent geopolitical crises, particularly the war in Ukraine, to support the theoretical argument. The scientific novelty of the work consists in the multidisciplinary approach to the contractual relationship under pressure from external shocks, bringing together legal theory, economic risk analysis, and elements of practical reform. The study proposes realistic, human-centered legal solutions for increasing contractual resilience in times of systemic instability.